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THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF POLITICAL SCIENCE LAW AND CRIMINOLOGY (ISSN- 2693-0803)
VOLUME 06 ISSUE12
30
https://www.theamericanjournals.com/index.php/tajpslc
PUBLISHED DATE: - 20-12-2024
DOI: -
https://doi.org/10.37547/tajpslc/Volume06Issue12-06
PAGE NO.: - 30-33
PERSPECTIVES OF CONTRACTUAL
–
LEGAL
COOPERATION IN TOURISM DEVELOPMENT
IN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE
ORGANIZATION OF TURKIC STATES
Surayyo Usmanova
Ph.D. in Law, Associate Professor, University of World Economy and
Diplomacy, Uzbekistan
ORCID ID: - https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6624-7685
INTRODUCTION
In the 21st century, the harmonization of tourism
with the achievement of sustainable development
goals in the world confirms the topicality of the
legal regulation of the relations in this sphere. The
first Universal «Framework Convention on
Tourism Ethics» of the United Nations World
Tourism Organization (UNWTO) from 2017
underlined: «to develop tourism to contribute to
economic
development,
international
understanding, peace, prosperity and universal
respect for, and observance of human rights and
freedoms for all without any kind of distinction».
Moreover, it is considered that the tourism
potential of the member states has a privileged
place in the multidimensional and in-depth
cooperation process created within the framework
of OTS. According to the OTS, 8 Ministerial and 18
Working Group Meetings have been held since the
establishment. With this regard, considerable focus
should be paid to enhancing and developing the
legal framework of institutional cooperation in the
sphere of tourism.
Important measures are being taken to
ensure the participation of Uzbekistan in
international and regional organizations, in
particular OTS, the development of close
contractual relations with foreign countries, and
the improvement of national legislation in the
sphere of tourism according to international
norms.
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Open Access
Abstract
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METHODOLOGY
The research paper analyses the contractual legal
framework of tourism within the OTS. With this
regard, the research aims to identify and analyze
the history concerning the regulation of tourism
services within this organization and elaborate the
proposals for further development of legal and
institutional cooperation in this sphere. Analyzing
the main legal aspects of the OTS in tourism, the
author focuses on the description of legal
regulation, which is one of its regulatory spheres. It
is known that the membership of the Republic of
Uzbekistan in this organization creates the
opportunity
and
responsibility
for
a
comprehensive analysis of its membership in the
future, which will play an important role in further
integration of the country into the Turkic world.
Therefore, the research paper emphasizes the
formation and of development the process of legal
regulation of tourism services within the OTS and
the analysis of its specific aspects.
To search the answers for research questions from
legal perspective it was used qualitative data from
primary and secondary sources. As for the methods
of data collections have been used comparative and
legal analyses of international-legal norms in the
framework of the OTS. The research papers and
written books (secondary sources) that have been
conducted on some aspects of this particular
research before have been analyzed and
systematized. In order to engage the practicability
of the research, different analysis methods such as
content
analyses
and
comparative-legal,
normative-legal
analyses
of
international
agreements are used. The content of the
international legal norms are analyzed and form an
integral part of the research.
RESULTS
A legal assessment has been made of the
cooperation of the Republic of Uzbekistan in terms
of the development of the tourism industry with
the Turkic world countries. Moreover, the United
Nations World Tourism Organization’s project, the
Great Silk Road, plays an important role in the
sustainable development of tourism in Central Asia
and Uzbekistan. Therefore, inter-organizational
cooperation between the OTS and the UNWTO will
be analyzed for the sustainable development of
tourism in the Central Asia region. The conclusions
and proposals on strengthening the institutional
and legal framework in the sphere of tourism have
been developed. Furthermore, this paper discusses
facts promoting legal and practical issues for a
multi-visa cooperation system in the OTS region.
The origins of each development of cooperation
begin with maintaining a contractual-legal basis
between the parties of this collaboration and
partnership. A similar practice is implemented in
the sphere of tourism. The integral role of regional
organizations should be underlined to develop
cooperation in this sphere.
The Acapulco document on tourism reaffirmed
once again that “world tourism can be a vital force
for world peace and can provide the moral and
intellectual basis for international understanding
and interdependence among nations” and “can
contribute to the establishment of a new
international economic order that will help to
eliminate the economic gap between developed
and developing countries”. Hence, considering the
integral role of tourism in maintaining peace and
its integrative function among states, it should be
emphasized that, the integration of states for
developing tourism would possess an important
place in growing their economy, promoting
peaceful relations between countries, and
sustainable development of the world society.
DISCUSSIONS
International regional organizations play an
important role in maintaining collaboration and
partnership among states. Therefore, the
international-legal cooperation of Uzbekistan in
the field of tourism is constructed through both
bilateral and multilateral contractual bases. The
most notable regional organizations as the OTS
(Organization of Turkic States), in which
Uzbekistan participates as an equal member,
among other issues pay attention to developing
cooperation in the sphere of tourism.
OTS serves as a vital platform for fostering
economic, cultural, and security cooperation
among its member states [1, 130].
Presidential Decree of the Republic of Uzbekistan
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“About measures for providing expeditious
development of tourist industry in the Republic of
Uzbekistan” emphasizes th
e expansion of
international cooperation in the field of tourism
[2,3]. Also, in the Conception of foreign-policy
activity of the Republic of Uzbekistan, it marks that
one of the priority directions of the foreign policy
of Uzbekistan is considered to be the further
development
of
relationships
with
the
neighbouring, with which our country is linked
with historically formed political, economic,
transport-communication and other connections.
Uzbekistan considers the Organization to be an
effective mechanism of regional cooperation with
great unrealized opportunities and unifying
potential.
Uzbekistan has been actively participating in the
Organization of Turkic States. In particular, the
President of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev put
forward more than 35 specific and important
initiatives aimed at further development of
multilateral cooperation within this organization.
To date, more than 20 of these initiatives have been
implemented [3]. Precisely, In 2022, Qoqand was
announced as the "Tourist Capital of the Turkic
World", The project "Tabarruk Ziyarat" was
launched and the "road map" on Tourism.
The legal framework of cooperation between OTS
member states in the field of tourism begins its
origin from 2014. It is considered that the tourism
potential of the Member States has a privileged
place in the multidimensional and in-depth
cooperation process created within the framework
of OTS. To this end, 8 Ministerial and 18 Working
Group Meetings were held since the establishment
[4].
First meetings were dedicated to organizations'
questions, in particular, the 4th Organization of
Turkic States Summit, which was held in Bodrum in
2014 and dedicated to “Tourism Cooperation”.
Following the Bodrum Summit, the efforts mainly
focused on the transformation of the historical Silk
Road into an attractive tourist destination. The
Summit in 2014 placed a significant emphasis on
boosting the tourism sector, aiming to facilitate
tourism exchanges and revenue generation among
Turkic nations [5].
The outcome of the Ministerial Meeting of the 6th
Meeting of the Ministers in Charge of Tourism of
the Organization of Turkic States in 2021 in
Kokand was to launch the “Turkic World Tourism
Capital” project to promote tourism in the region,
in which one of the cities from the Member States
will be designated as “Turkic World Tourism
Capital” annually.
It is very important for the citizens of the member
countries of the Organization to get to know each
other and the historical and cultural riches of other
member countries through tourism. In order to
share the unique values of the Turkic world with
the whole world, the members of the alliance must
know and understand their own values. The
Modern Silk Road project, organized in line with
this common purpose, will be valid for Türkiye
located on the tourism route [6, 158].
The first regulation on tourism was adopted the in
the 7th Meeting of the Ministers in Charge of
Tourism of the Organization of Turkic States on 23-
24 May 2022 in Shamakhi, Azerbaijan. As the
outcomes of the Ministerial Meeting, the Parties
adopted the regulation on the “Turkic World
Tourism Capital”, which presents the general
framework for the said program, and agreed that
Shamakhi will be the Turkic World Tourism Capital
for the year 2023.
It should be emphasized that, at the organizational
level questions on tourism are discussed and
initiatives have been implemented after almost
every meeting. However, in terms of contractual
legal regulation, in comparison with other regional
organizations, these relations should be
documented. For instance, tourism issues are
mentioned in the Declaration “On humanitarian
cooperation of states -
participants of the CIS”, and
which was signed in August 2005 for the
realization of this Declaration, which was called the
Agreement “On hu
manitarian cooperation of states
-
participants of the CIS”. According to the
provisions of these documents, the country intends
to guarantee the achievement of specific objectives
in the fields of culture, science, education,
information, sport, and tourism [7].
CONCLUSION
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With this regard, in conclusion, it should be
underlined following proposals:
-
To sign of a tourism cooperation agreement
between the member states of the OTS with
establishing an institutional div - the Tourism
Council, which acts as the main one for tourism
development in the framework of OTS.
-
To create of the Union of the Association of
Tour Operators of the OTS member States. It will
increase competition among the tourist companies
of member states, which can cause further
development of the tourism sector. This
cooperation
helps
to
construct
“close”
relationships between the nongovernmental
tourism sector of member states. It would help to
develop face-to-face dialogue of tour operators and
competition between them would lead to progress
and cooperation of tour operators soon.
-
It is also advisable, to pay more attention to
different types of tourism, such as youth tourism,
child, family and agro, and ecotourism between
member states in the framework of OTS. Surely,
legal basis in the form of agreements,
memorandum of understanding, and/or programs
are required to elaborate for implementing the
above-mentioned initiatives.
REFERENCES
1.
Kocak, Muhammet. “Potential of Organization
of Turkic States in the International System:
Promises and Vulnerabilities.” Insight Turkey,
vol. 25, no. 4, 2023, pp. 115
–
38. JSTOR,
https://www.jstor.org/stable/48754797.
Accessed 18 Sept. 2024.
2.
Собрание законодательства Республики
Узбекистан, 2016 г., № 49, ст. 558, 2017 г., №
1, ст. 3.
3.
Initiatives
of
Uzbekistan
within
the
Organization of Turkic States. Available at:
https://www.uzdaily.uz/en/initiatives-of-
uzbekistan-within-the-organization-of-turkic-
states/
4.
https://www.turkicstates.org/en/isbirligi-
alanlari#5-tourism-cooperation
5.
“Declaration of the Fourth Summit of the
Cooperation Council of Turkic Speaking States,”
Organization of Turkic States, (June 5, 2014),
retrieved
October
14,
2023,
from
https://www.turkicstates.org/assets/pdf/tem
el_belgeler/fourth-summit-declaration-11-
en.pdf.
6.
The Organization Of Turkic States- From Past
To Present Çağlar ÖZER1 1Dr. Kent
Üniversitesi,
caglarozer_62@hotmail.com,
ORCID: 0000-0003-3090-4740.- P.158.
7.
The Agreement on humanitarian cooperation
of the CIS member states of 26 August 2005 and
The Declaration on humanitarian cooperation
of the CIS member states of 8 May 2005.
