Vol. 2 No. 8 (2024)

Мақолада илм-фан, таълим ва бизнес интеграцион фаолияти назарияси, методологияси ва амалиёти масалалари, айниқса, унинг инновацион жиҳатларининг ижтимоий-иқтисодий ривожланиши зарурияти асосланган, олий таълим муассасаларида интеграцион жараёнларни ташкил этиш моделлари ўрганилган.

Ushbu  maqolada o‘zbek pedagogikasi fanining rivojlanish tarixi, vazifalari, maqsadlari, uni o‘rganish tamoyillari haqida fikr yuritilgan. Shuningdek, maqolada pedagogika fanining jamiyat taraqqiyotida tutgan o‘rni, uning yoshlar ta’lim-tarbiyasidagi ahamiyati haqida so‘z boradi.

Hozirgi kunda butun dunyoda shaharlarning ko’rinishi o’zgarib bormoqda. Kundan-kunga yirik shaharlarning soni ortib bormoqda. Shu bilan bir qatorda bu shaharlarda aholining energiyaga bo’lgan ehtiyoji oshishi tabiiy.  Maqolaning asosiy mazmuni bino qurilishida issiqlikni ushlab turuvchi va sovuqa bardoshli materiallardan foydalanib energiya tejash, yarim tayyor beton konstruksiyalar yordamida binoni tez va sifatli qurish haqidagi ma’lumotlardan iborat.

Inson qadimdan o’zining arxitektura – qurilish faoliyatida ongli va intuitiv ravishda jonli tabiatga murojaat etgan va tabiat uning turli muammolarini hal qilishda yordam bergan. “ Bionika” atamasi yunoncha – bios so’zidan kelib chiqqan bo’lib, “hayot” degan ma’noni anglatad. “Nika” so’zi elektronikadan olingan bo’lib, ilm-fan sohasida yangi atama sifatida yo’nalish ochdi. Maqolaning asosiy mazmuni bionika nimani anglatishi bu fanning kelib chiqishi va hozirgi kunda qo’llanishiga oid ma’lumotlarni berishdan iborat.

Ushbu maqola O‘zbekcha shevaga xos so‘zlarning nemis tilida tarjima qilinishi va qo‘llanilishi masalalarini o‘rganadi. Maqolada O‘zbekcha so‘zlarning madaniy va mintaqaviy kontekstlari tahlil qilinadi va ularni nemis tiliga qanday to‘g‘ri tarjima qilish mumkinligi haqida strategiyalar taklif etiladi. O‘zbek tilidagi tanlangan so‘zlar va ularning kontekstual ma'nolari batafsil bayon qilinadi. Madaniy moslashtirish, sinonimlar va tavsiflar ishlatish va asosiy terminlarni saqlash kabi yondashuvlar tahlil qilinadi. Maqola madaniyatlararo muloqotni osonlashtirish va so‘zlarning to‘g‘ri ma'nosini etkazish uchun qo‘shimcha tushuntirishlarning zarurligini ta’kidlaydi.

Кунгабоқарнинг  уруғида  сақланадиган мой,  экологик  тоза маҳсулот ҳисобланади. Ер юзида  аҳоли истеъмоли учун асосан кунгабоқар мойи ишлатилади. Кунгабоқарнинг бирламчи  келиб чиқиш маркази Шимолий Америка, иккиламчи маркази Европа (Испания) ва учламчи марказ Россия  ҳисобланади, Россияда кунгабоқар селекцияси ишлари 1912-1913-йилларда бошланган пайтларда унинг уруғидаги мой миқдори ўртача 20-25 % ни ташкил этган.  Селекционер олимларнинг машаққатли изланишлари натижасида ҳозирги пайтда экилаётган кунгабоқар навлари уруғининг мойлилиги  56 % гача  етказилди.

Кунгабоқарнинг экилиб келинаётган навларга нисбатан янги навлари 20-25% гача қўшимча ҳосилдорликни таъминлайди.. Янги нав яратишнинг асосий усулларидан бири дурагайлашдир. Дурагайлаш асосида  олинган янги авлоднинг  иккинчи пуштидан якка танлаш  йўли билан  янги нав  яратилган

Ushbu maqolada erk muxtoriyati prinsipining tarixan va nazariy rivojlanishi bosqichlari muhokama qilinadi. Erk muxtoriyati prinsipining vujudga kelishi va rivojlanishi uzoq vaqt davomida amalga oshgan. Turli davrda turlicha evrilishlarga uchragan. Ushbu prinsipning rivojlanishi dastlabki bosqichlari xalqaro munosabatlarda ommaviy manfaatlarning ustunligi bilan xarakterlansa, keyinchalik ushbu evrilishlar ommaviy manfaatlardan xususiy manfaatlar tomon ko’chib borgan.

         Taraflar faqatgina mamlakat qonunchiligi tomonidan qat’iy belgilangan tamoyillar va qoidalar asosida munosabatga kirishganlar. Individual taraflarning tashabbuskorligi rag’batlantirilmagan. Individual taraflar shartnomalar orqali mamlakat qonunchiligi tomonidan o’rnatilgan qoidalardan chetga chiqish imkoniyatlari mavjud bo’lmagan. Taraflarning shartnomalari qonunchilikni chetlab o’tish uchun asos bo’la olmaydi deb hisoblangan. Taraflar yurisdiksiyani tanlashari mumkinligi haqidagi tushunchalar faqatgina taraflarning bilvosita harakatlari asosida bo’lgan. Bunday tanlovlarni ochiq tarzda ifodalash qonuniy deb hisoblanmagan va hech qanday huquqiy oqibat tug’dirmagan.

XIX asr ohirlari va XX asr boshlarida xalqaro munosabatlarda individual shaxslarning manfaatlariga xizmat qiluvchi g’oyalar va tamoyillar rivojlana boshlagan. Aynan shu g’oya va tamoyillar erk muxtoriyati prinsipning rivojlanishi yo’nalishini boshlab bergan.

This article considers the complex implementation of the CAMShift algorithm for human tracking in the collaborative robot working area. The study covers both the algorithmic and mathematical underpinnings of CAMShift, detailing the underlying principles and mathematical models used to improve tracking accuracy. A Python program was developed in the PyCharm environment to effectively implement this algorithm, taking into account aspects such as real-time processing and integration with robotic systems. The research conducted a comprehensive assessment of the tracking speed, studied how effectively the algorithm works in different conditions and how it affects the overall sensitivity of the system. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the CAMShift algorithm in providing accurate and timely tracking, highlighting its suitability for dynamic and interactive environments. This work helps to optimize the performance of collaborative robots by improving tracking capabilities, enabling better interaction and safety in shared work areas.

this article provides information about stylistic features in a language as well as gives examples on this issue. Furthermore, author tries to find main basis of stylistic devices using diverse resources.

The homeland of bees is South Asia. It is now distributed from the southern latitudes to the Far North. Bees live mainly as a family. One family consists of one mother (also called "king" in the vernacular), several thousand workers and several hundred male bees. Mother bees have a body length of 20-25 mm, a weight of 200-250 mg, lay eggs from spring to autumn, and so on. The wing covers half of the body, nectar, differs by the load on the pollen collector. The reproductive organs of mother bees are well developed. Lives up to 5 years (mothers of experienced beekeepers renew every two years). It lays 2 to 2.5 thousand eggs a day. Worked bees hatch from hatched eggs at 21 days, and male bees hatch from un hatched eggs at 24 days.

Economists have proposed a number of indicators describing the income base of commercial banks' assets. However, in our opinion, the system of indicators proposed by the IMF for the purpose of assessing the financial stability of commercial banks, which includes 24 financial indicators, has a unique and important value.

Mazkur maqolada lingvomadaniyatshunoslik boʻyicha umumiy qarashlar yoritilgan. Konsept terminining linvomadaniyatdagi oʻrni turk va oʻzbek tili misolida tahlil qilinadi. Shuningdek “jins” konseptining mumtoz poetik nutqdagi ahamiyati tahlillar orqali muhokama qilinadi.

This article examines the fundamentals of acoustics and their application in modern medicine. It explains the basic principles of sound, including wave propagation, frequency, and intensity, and explores their medical uses, such as diagnostic imaging, therapy, and surgical interventions. Designed for medical students, this article bridges the gap between physics and clinical practice, emphasizing the importance of acoustics in enhancing patient care.

The article provides a detailed overview of the structure and biological functions of plant cells. It describes the main components of the cell, including the cell wall, cytoplasm, nucleus, vacuole, chloroplasts, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi apparatus, along with their structure and functions. The significant role of each organelle in plant growth and development is emphasized. Additionally, the article analyzes the interconnections among the cell’s internal structures and their importance in plant life.

This article provides a detailed analysis of the physiological processes involved in plant ontogenesis. Ontogenesis encompasses the stages of plant development, from seed germination to aging and death. Each stage is characterized by key physiological processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, hormonal regulation, and the transport of water and nutrients. Additionally, the impact of external factors – light, temperature, water, and nutrition – on plant development is examined. This research holds significant importance for plant physiology and agricultural practices, offering a scientific foundation for improving crop productivity and ensuring sustainable plant growth.

International tourism is a vital sector of the economy of many countries, which has a significant impact on global development. This sector actively contributes not only to economic growth, but also to cultural exchange and strengthening of international relations. With the development of technology, globalization and changing needs of tourists, the organization of tourism at the international level is undergoing significant changes. An important aspect is the efficiency of managing tourist flows, creating sustainable infrastructure and ensuring high quality of tourist services. This article examines the key aspects of the economy and organization of international tourism, as well as its impact on the global economy.

International tourism is an important and rapidly developing sector of the global economy, which has a significant impact on social, cultural and economic processes in various countries. The article examines key aspects of international tourism, including its role in the global economy, key trends and innovations, as well as the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the tourism industry. Particular attention is paid to the prospects for the development of international tourism, including issues of sustainability, environmental responsibility and the introduction of new technologies to improve the quality of service to tourists. In conclusion, the importance of tourism as a tool for cultural exchange and a way to develop international relations is emphasized.