Volume 05 Issue 11-2024
25
CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHILOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(ISSN
–
2767-3758)
VOLUME
05
ISSUE
11
Pages:
25-29
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2022:
6.
041
)
(2023:
7.
491
)
(2024:
8.235
)
OCLC
–
1242423883
Publisher:
Master Journals
ABSTRACT
The given scientific article aims to reveal and study in detail the factors of discourse, as well as the aesthetic
requirements for the genre of poetry through the manifestation of the concept of individualism in new Uzbek poetry.
This scientific research also considers the factors that motivated the content renewal of new Uzbek poetry. The
reasons for the echo of changes in social life in literature and the emergence of new Uzbek poetry are explained in
detail.
KEYWORDS
Verse, poetry, content, quotation, metaphor, st
anza, “fard”
.
INTRODUCTION
New Uzbek poetry, while emdiving changes in
content, also became a sign of changes in form and
means of expression. New poetry was created by
changing the foundations of wish, which was the
leading weight for centuries. That is, in contrast to
romanticism, which depicted dreams and hopes about
life, the depiction of vivid, realistic scenes and the
adaptation of the artistic language to the vernacular
became stronger. The changes that entered our social
life at the end of the 19th century, in turn, caused
meaningful changes in literature. The works of new
Uzbek literature can be divided into 3 main groups in
terms of content:
1. The pursuit of freedom
2. Enlightenment
3. Exposing the vices of society.
METHODS
Research Article
DISCOURSE FACTORS AND AESTHETIC DEMANDS TOWARDS VERSE
THROUGH THE SPIRIT OF INDIVIDUALISM IN NEW UZBEK POETRY
Submission Date:
November 15, 2024,
Accepted Date:
November 20, 2024,
Published Date:
November 25, 2024
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/philological-crjps-05-11-07
Nazarova Dildora Ilhomovna
Bukhara State Medical Institute, Doctor of philosophy (PhD), Associate professor, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://masterjournals.
com/index.php/crjps
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 05 Issue 11-2024
26
CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHILOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(ISSN
–
2767-3758)
VOLUME
05
ISSUE
11
Pages:
25-29
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2022:
6.
041
)
(2023:
7.
491
)
(2024:
8.235
)
OCLC
–
1242423883
Publisher:
Master Journals
Literary examples of stylistic type, represented by the
name "verse" in the new Uzbek poetry have been
recently created. Specifically, poems of P.Abdullah,
habibi, M.Shaikhzada, Mirtemir, Chustiy, Chakhi, E. and
literary works of poets such as Vahidov confirm this
statement. So
called “Chusti verses” are exceedingly
close to classical verses in terms of content:
“G‘amimni aytayin desam biror do‘stu qadrdonga,
Ul odamning g‘ami mendan ko‘ra ko‘prog‘u hasratlik.
Ul odamdanki, men xasta dilimga malham istayman,
Uning qalbi mening q
albimdan ortiqroq jarohatlik”.
In classic poetry, the second name of “the verse” is the
matless ghazal. In this regard, the above poem is also
rhymed according to its form b-a, v-a. The content also
has a moral content. However, since it was written in
the new era, the content of sociality is more strongly
expressed in it. So, the lyrical hero wants to express his
sorrows and worries to his dear friend, but he feels that
his sorrow is greater than his. From another person,
the lyrical hero asks for ointment for his sick heart, but
his heart is also very wounded. By this, the poet wants
to say that every person has his own sorrows and joys.
At the same time, the saying of our people of this
continent is true: "If yours is in the bag, others are in
the corner."
Xunuk bo‘lur go‘zal, labin burishdan,
Olam yuzi burish bo‘lur urushdan.
Anqovlaima yov tilini bilmasang,
It maqsadi ma’lum erur xurishdan (334).
The given poem does not quite meet the requirements
of the genre of the verse (poetic). There is sincerity
only in the moral content: a beautiful woman's face
turns ugly when she turns her lips, war changes the
"face" of the world, a person disappears if he does not
know another language, he is ashamed that he does
not understand, the dog's barking is not in vain: he sees
a stranger, a stranger or an animal. I'm tired. Thus, the
poet revealed philosophical ideas by the example of
life.To master tailoring of slander,
Tuhmat to‘nin usta bichish
-tikishga,
Kuchi yetmas sira og‘zin tiyishga.
Do‘stingman deb lof uradi s
hallaqi,
Tiling bormas uni odam deyishga (334).
Here we are talking about a slanderer: "slanderer" is a
metaphor, a slanderer does not restrain himself or his
mouth from slandering people, such people cannot be
called human.
Rayhon bargi qurisa ham bo‘lmas
xas,
Bog‘da o‘sgan har bir ko‘kat hid bermas,
Gulni yulib bog‘da alaf o‘stirg‘ay,
Odam shaklida yurgan har bir nokas (335).
In the above lines, words such as basil, garden, green,
flower, grass and fragrance form a correlation. The
poet also created symbols with these. After all, even if
the basil leaves are dry, they will not be special and will
not be thrown away, but will be drunk into the tea. Not
all damaged things in the garden emit expressions. In
this, flowers and grass weeds form a contrast. In other
words, grass grows instead of flowers. In other words,
the garden is a symbol of life, the flower is a symbol of
good people, not bad people, not grass.
Nomard xarob etar obod olamni.
Xursand bo‘lur ko‘rsa o‘lim –
motamni
Nomardlarga sira ishing tushmasin,
Odam desa bo‘lmas, nomard odamni (335).
This is about the human world. According to the poet's
opinion, the notorious person destroys the world and
is happy when he sees death and mourning. That's why
Volume 05 Issue 11-2024
27
CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHILOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(ISSN
–
2767-3758)
VOLUME
05
ISSUE
11
Pages:
25-29
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2022:
6.
041
)
(2023:
7.
491
)
(2024:
8.235
)
OCLC
–
1242423883
Publisher:
Master Journals
it's important to stay away from these people, they
shouldn't be seen as human beings.
Bu hadis: «Hubbul Vatan
–
imon erur,
Kimda imon bor, aziz inson erur.
Saqlamoq yovdan Vatanni senga qarz,
Qarzni qilmoq ado har kimga farz (335).
The art of quotation was used in the first line: the
hadith "To love the country is from faith" helped to
express poetic thoughts effectively. It should not be
forgotten that in previous administrations, when
various obstacles were placed on our religion, the use
of hadith was spiritual courage. Quoting the poet, he
calls his followers beloved. The next chapter continues
the call to protect the motherland. The poet believes
that it is the duty of every person to protect his
homeland:
Odamiy bo‘l, odamiy bo‘l, odamiy,
Senda bo‘lsin odamiylarning g‘ami.
Bu ulug‘ Navoiyning so‘zi,
Ma’ni aflokining yorug‘ yulduzi.
Results and discussion
Discussing the results of the given research we can
state that this verse has also acquired a relational
meaning. The first two lines are embedded in the poem
by Alisher Navoi: "A man who does not care about
people, the grief of those who do not have me." It can
be called compensation. The poet defends being a
human being. Humanity uses a unique metaphor when
singing the words of the great Navoi - it calls Navoi's
words "the bright star of the world of meaning" - the
bright star of the world of meaning, and this shows
that Chusti is truly dedicated to Alisher Navoi and his
work.
Here is a comment: Chusti's poem "The verse" does
not fully meet the requirements of the genre of the
poem (verse). This is evident in the weight and
accuracy of the rhyme scheme. It is possible to note
compatibility only with the content of this genre. In
fact, it can be said that most of these poems are
modern four-line statements in terms of content and
form.
Turob Tola also published poems under the name
"Verse", which almost did not meet the requirements
of the genre. These poems are written on different
subjects. For this reason, we did not include them in
the analysis.
Fard is known as the smallest genre of classical
literature and reaches artistic perfection mainly in the
works of Alisher Navoi. The works of this genre consist
of 2 poems - 1 stanza, usually rhymed in the form of a-
a, written in Arabic, with moral and philosophical
content, gaining logical integrity. There is a poem
called "fard" in the works of Turob Tola and Jumaniyaz
Jabbarov in the new Uzbek poems:
Navoiy dahosi musharaf bog’da
Insoniy fazilat mangu ardog’da
The above stanza belongs to the pen of Turob Tola and
the genius of Navoi - his work has been compared to
the garden. The poet emphasizes that this garden will
live forever, because there are human qualities in it.
This shows that Turob Tola is a real fan of Navoi.
Totuvmiz, bu asli davramizga xos,
Bu asli Navoiy, Jomiydan meros (68-b).
It is known that in literature, Jami and Navoi became a
symbol of true friendship. In this regard, the poet says
that harmony and friendship are inherited from Jami
and Navoi and promotes the same friendship.
Ikki xalq dahosi Hamza va Ayniy,
Volume 05 Issue 11-2024
28
CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHILOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(ISSN
–
2767-3758)
VOLUME
05
ISSUE
11
Pages:
25-29
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2022:
6.
041
)
(2023:
7.
491
)
(2024:
8.235
)
OCLC
–
1242423883
Publisher:
Master Journals
Ayniy o’zbeklar
ga Hamza baayini!
In previous administrations, the names of Hamza and
Aini were always mentioned side by side. Hamza is
interpreted as a Proletarian poet. In fact, its creative
image is determined by the "Nihony" Divan, dramatic
works and a flower collection full of national spirit.
Sadriddin Ainiy is said to be the founder of Tajik
literature. However, he is a prolific artist who has
written in 2 languages. Based on the interpretation of
the former government, the poet approached these 2
figures and named them the geniuses of 2 countries.
Maqom talqinida raqslar suhbati,
O’zbek san’atining asriy iffati! (68)
These verses are about the art of dance. Makam refers
to ancient and still living national melodies. The poet
metaphorically describes it as "the age-old purity of
Uzbek art".
The verses of Jumaniyaz Jabbarov are also close to
classical fads in content:
I Bormi desang agar farishta,
Derman:
–
ular bizning Forishda!
Farish is the name of a district in Fergana region. The
stanza uses a word game typical of the sense. In the
first line, an angel is a girl, and in the second line it
means a place. That is, they want to say that angels -
good girls live in Farish.
Yangraydi nay, chang bilan sato,
Ishqqa to‘la edi bu sado.
The same word play is used in this stanza: sato - musical
instrument, sado - sound, voice. So, the melody of the
flute and the sato has a melody, a melody about love.
Bu qanday zo‘r, bulbul ovoz
-a,
J
ahon ichra bo‘ldi ovoza!
In the above two words, voz-a and vozka formed a pun.
In other words, the nightingale-voiced artist has
become world-famous.
Dunyo ko‘rib, bilganim shulki,
Ko‘p omonat bu dunyo mulki.
The poem emphasizes the transience of the world and
everything in it, the need to appreciate the life that is
given.
Ey, bezovta, dolg‘ali kungil,
Ne buyursam, ushanga kungil.
In this case, the words homonyms came in the place of
rhyme: in the first verse, kongul means heart (a noun),
and in the second verse, kongul means action (a verb
of command-desire). So, the poet appeals to his
troubled mind in the name of his mind: he asks to do
whatever I tell him to do.
Asal labdan sochib durlar,
Xayolimni sochibdurlar.
CONCLUSION
To conclude with, in this case, there is something close
to the form of the word: to disperse - to laugh, to smile,
to disperse - means to spread out in all directions. So
the meaning is understood that the smile and laughter
of the mistress beautifully captures the imagination of
the lover with a smile on his lips.
In general, the poems given the name "fard" in the new
Uzbek poems do not fully meet the requirements and
characteristics of this genre in classical literature.
Therefore, it is not written in the form. The content has
also expanded. This can be considered as a creative
research to follow classical literature. They can be
interpreted not as individuals, but as a pair of fingers.
Turob Tola's couplet is dominated by moral and
philosophical content. A distinctive feature of
Volume 05 Issue 11-2024
29
CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHILOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(ISSN
–
2767-3758)
VOLUME
05
ISSUE
11
Pages:
25-29
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2022:
6.
041
)
(2023:
7.
491
)
(2024:
8.235
)
OCLC
–
1242423883
Publisher:
Master Journals
Jumaniyaz Jabbarov's poems is that most of them are
associated with the same name of the same name
instead of rhyme.
REFERENCES
1.
Chustiy. Flowers of Devotion: Devon. - T.:
Vneshtorgizdat, 1992. - B. 334.
2.
Turob Tola. Works: 3 volumes. - T.: Literary and Art
Publishing House, Volume 3. Poems, songs, epics,
1980. -B.68.
3.
Rustamov A. Conversations about Aruz. - T.:
Science, 1972. - 56 p.
4.
Literary types and genres. Three volumes. Volume
II. - T.: Science, 1992. - 248 p.
