INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 05,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 60
TRANSLATION METHOD AND ITS MAIN ESSENCE
Qobilova Kamola Azamat kizi
Annotatsiya
:tarjima — bu bir tilni boshqasiga o‘zgartirish jarayoni bo‘lib, u nafaqat
so‘zlarni, balki madaniyat, kontekst va muallifning niyatini ham hisobga olishni talab etadi.
Tarjima usullari ko‘plab omillarga bog‘liq bo‘lib, ular orasida matnning turi, maqsadli
auditoriya va madaniy farqlar mavjud. Maqolada tarjima usullarining klassifikatsiyasi,
ularning afzalliklari va kamchiliklari, shuningdek, tarjima jarayonida yuzaga keladigan
qiyinchiliklar tahlil qilinadi. Tarjima usullarining samaradorligini oshirish uchun zamonaviy
texnologiyalar va dasturlarni qo‘llash imkoniyatlari ham ko‘rib chiqiladi.
Kalit so'zlar:
tarjima, tarjima usuli, madaniyat, kontekst, kommunikatsiya, texnologiyalar.
Аннотация:
Перевод — это процесс изменения одного языка на другой, требующий
учета не только слов, но и культуры, контекста и намерения автора. Методы перевода
зависят от многих факторов, включая тип текста, целевую аудиторию и культурные
различия. В статье анализируется классификация методов перевода, их преимущества
и недостатки, а также трудности, возникающие в процессе перевода. Также
рассматриваются возможности использования современных технологий и программ
для повышения эффективности методов перевода.
Ключевые слова
: перевод, метод перевода, культура, контекст, коммуникация,
технологии.
Abstract:
Translation is the process of transforming one language into another, which
requires taking into account not only words, but also culture, context, and the author's
intention. Translation methods depend on many factors, including the type of text, target
audience, and cultural differences. The article analyzes the classification of translation
methods, their advantages and disadvantages, as well as the difficulties that arise during the
translation process. The possibilities of using modern technologies and programs to increase
the effectiveness of translation methods are also considered.
Key words:
translation, translation method, culture, context, communication, technologies.
Translation style is a method that is selected in the translation process according to the
stylistic type of the text and the translator's purpose. The "translation method" proposed by
many foreign translation scholars determines the methods, ways, and styles of translation,
and taking into account the selection of the text according to its stylistic type, therefore, since
our research is carried out in the field of translation studies, in this study we used the term
"translation style" in relation to "translation method". In the history of translation studies, the
term "translation style" was first used by Marcus Tullius Cicero (106–43 BC). Cicero was the
first to use literal and literal translation methods.1 In our opinion, Cicero used the original
text from beginning to end to become a translated text using the literal or literal translation
method. N.N. Nelyubin's dictionary defines "translation style as different from translation
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 05,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 61
method and not based on generally accepted laws, but as the process of implementing a
system of interrelated methods aimed at a certain goal by the translator, taking into account
the type and methods of translation." Literal translation is mainly used when the grammatical
structure of the source and target languages is the same. This is because in such
situations, grammatical changes do not occur. When translating a text from one language to
another, special attention should be paid to two aspects of the text. These are form and
meaning. Larson in his work “Meaning based translation” expresses the following ideas:
“Because a given 30 text has both form and meaning, there are two main kinds of translations.
One is form-based and the other is meaning-based”. Form-based translation tries to match the
form of the source language and is known as literal translation. Meaning-based translation
makes every effort to convey the meaning of the source language text in natural forms in the
target language. Such a translation is called idiomatic translation. We can also express this in
this way: while literal translation attempts to adapt the form in the original language,
idiomatic translation attempts to express the meaning in the original language. Literal
translation is a mirror of the structure of the original language, which makes the translation
difficult to understand and may distort the original meaning. Ideomatic translation follows the
structure of the target language and expresses the original meaning in a natural way in the
target language. Free translation follows the structure of the target language more closely,
some parts of the original source may be changed or distorted. Styles, ways of using language
tools in speech, phonetic, lexical, phraseological and grammatical features of the use of units
are studied in the methodological department of linguistics. Through style, the speaker
expresses his or her attitude to people, objects, and events occurring around him or her.
Catford also introduced three popular types of translation: word-for-word translation, free
translation, and literal translation. He rates these translation types as follows:
"Word-for-word translation generally means what it says: i.e. is essentially rankbound at
word-rank (but may include some morphemes-morphemes equivalences). Free translation is
always unbounded—equivalences shunt up and down the rank scale, but tends to be at the
higher ranks—sometimes between larger units than the sentence.
Literal translation is between word-for-word translation and free translation. It may start, as it
were, from a word-for-word translation, but make changes in conformity with TL grammar
(e.g. inserting additional word, changing structure at any rank, etc.); this may make it a
group-group or clause-clause translation”.
Translation methods are mainly divided into the following categories.Strict translation: this
method tries to preserve the content and structure of the author's original text. Strict
translation is often used in translating literary works.
• Advantages: preserves the feel and style of the original text.
• Disadvantages: sometimes it is difficult to convey the meaning correctly.
Free translation: in this method, the translator freely changes the text, tries to preserve the
main idea, but does not translate word for word.
• Advantages: is understandable and interesting for the target audience.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 05,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 62
• Disadvantages: some nuances of the original text may be lost.
Purpose-oriented translation. In this method, the translation serves a specific purpose, for
example, for advertising or marketing materials.
• Advantages: provides direct communication with the audience.
• Disadvantages: the meaning of the original text may be changed.
Literal translation. This method attempts to find the correct equivalent of each word.
• Advantages: provides accurate and correct information.
• Disadvantages: the naturalness of the text may be lost.
A number of difficulties may arise during the translation process:
• Cultural differences: each culture has its own terms and expressions, which can affect the
translation.
• Context: the context of the text is important for the translator. Some phrases or words can
have different meanings depending on the context.
• Language specificity: each language has its own grammar and syntax, which complicates
translation.Modern technologies, such as automatic translation programs and artificial
intelligence, have the potential to simplify the translation process. However, these
technologies cannot fully replace the experience and intuitive abilities of a human
translator.The translation method and its essence are important for the successful
implementation of the translation process. Each method has its own advantages and
disadvantages, so translators need to choose the method appropriate to each situation.
Translation serves not only as a means of changing language, but also as a means of
developing intercultural communication.
References:
1. Tokhtasinov I.M., Yuldoshev U.R. “Linguistic and methodological foundations of
teaching literary translation” Monograph. - Samarkand: “Samarkand State Institute of
Foreign Languages” Publishing House, 2023. – 174 pages.
2. Yuldoshev U.H. “Linguostylistic and linguoculturological characteristics of literary
translation” Monograph. Samarkand: – “Samarkand State Institute of Foreign Languages”
Publishing House, 2022. – 170 pages.
3. https://conference.uzswlu.uz/conf/article/download/550/612/672
