INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
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THE IMPACT OF GLOBAL ECONOMIC FLUCTUATIONS ON NATIONAL FOOD
SECURITY AND METHODS TO MITIGATE NEGATIVE EFFECTS
Fazliddin Utaganov
Master's student, Karshi State Technical University, Uzbekistan
Abstract
. This article examines the impact of current global economic fluctuations on food
security in Uzbekistan, along with preventive and mitigation measures. The research analyzes
how these fluctuations affect the socio-economic situation of the country and explores ways
to address their consequences.
Keywords.
Global economy, agriculture, sanitary regulations, food products, economic
sectors, food security, living standards, consumption, population needs, production.
Introduction.
Recent political and economic developments around the world are clearly
reflected in examples that demonstrate their adverse impact on global food security. Ensuring
food security has become one of the most critical components of a country's overall economic
security. As Uzbekistan's economy continues to develop, it is increasingly integrating with
the global economic system. Due to rational foreign policy and a favorable investment
climate, new market opportunities are opening for business entities, and the diversity of
domestic products is growing. In addition to increasing the volume of food production,
attention is being paid to improving the quality and expanding the variety of food products.
Research Methodology
. The study draws upon the research and publications of both
international and Uzbek scholars. It employs various economic research methods, including
observation, logical reasoning, comparison, interviews, and survey questionnaires.
Analysis and Results.
To ensure stable development across all sectors of Uzbekistan’s
economy, it is essential to study global economic transformations and implement timely
preventive measures to mitigate negative impacts. Like many other countries, Uzbekistan's
economy is closely interconnected with the global economy. For instance, in recent years, the
volume of exports has increased by a factor of 2.2, and the share of foreign trade turnover
relative to GDP has reached 57%, illustrating the extent of the economy's dependence on
external markets.
However, rapidly changing international relations, tariffs, and other restrictions affect all
countries in a chain-like manner, leading to a slowdown in global economic growth and a
decline in international trade.
Indicator
Unit
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2024 vs
2019, %
Share of Agriculture
in GDP
%
26.8
26.0
25.1
25.6
26.0
85.3
Growth
Rate
of
Agricultural Products
%
102.9
103.1
103.6
103.5
103.1
103.3
Grain
kg
221.0
222.3
224.1
223.6
226.0
112.7
Vegetables
kg
301.8
306.4
313.1
323.4
326.4
109.2
Potatoes
kg
91.0
93.5
96.6
96.5
97.2
109.2
Melons
kg
61.8
64.3
67.9
66.8
68.0
119.9
Fruits & Berries
kg
81.4
82.6
84.1
82.5
84.6
100.5
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ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
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Journal:
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Grapes
kg
46.5
47.9
49.4
49.0
48.5
101.6
Meat (live weight)
kg
73.6
74.8
76.5
77.9
75.8
105.7
Milk
kg
320.7
323.5
326.2
325.0
329.4
102.3
Eggs
pcs
227.0
227.5
228.0
229.0
227.6
101.3
Table 1: Dynamics of Per Capita Agricultural Production in Uzbekistan (2020-2024)
The data presented in Table 1 illustrates the trends in per capita agricultural production in
Uzbekistan from 2020 to 2024. Over this five-year period, the share of agriculture in GDP
slightly declined from 26.8% in 2020 to 26.0% in 2024, indicating a gradual shift toward
diversification of the economy. However, the growth rate of agricultural products remained
relatively stable, averaging around 103%, which reflects consistent development within the
sector. Per capita production of key agricultural products shows a positive trend. Notably:
Grain production increased from 221.0 kg in 2020 to 226.0 kg in 2024, showing a 12.7%
rise compared to 2019.
Vegetables and potatoes demonstrated strong growth, increasing by 9.2% each over the
period.
Melon production rose significantly, by nearly 20%, suggesting favorable conditions and
increased demand.
Fruits and berries as well as grapes also showed moderate but steady increases in output.
Meat (live weight) and milk production per capita increased by 5.7% and 2.3%
respectively, indicating enhanced livestock productivity and food supply.
Egg production remained mostly stable with a slight growth of 1.3%, reflecting steady
demand and supply equilibrium.
Overall, the data suggests that Uzbekistan has made considerable progress in improving food
production per capita. The consistent increase across most indicators highlights
advancements in agricultural technologies, state support measures, and policy reforms aimed
at strengthening food security in the country.
Analysis of Livestock Production. When analyzing agricultural statistics across the regions of
Uzbekistan, it is evident that although the total volume of agricultural output has grown, per
capita production of certain livestock products has not kept pace with population growth.
This is especially noticeable in the production of meat, milk, eggs, wool, and karakul pelts,
where growth rates have been relatively modest compared to demographic expansion. The
statistical data on livestock production dynamics from 2020 to 2024 show that while the total
output of products such as meat, milk, eggs, honey, wool, karakul pelts, and silk has
increased, per capita figures reveal a less optimistic trend. This indicates a need to intensify
production to meet the rising consumption demand of the growing population.
Indicator
Unit
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2024 vs
2019, %
Population
mln
people
33.91
34.56
35.27
36.02
37.01
108.3
Meat
thous.
tons
2519.6
2635.1
2725.9
2833.3
2985.4
114.5
Per Capita Meat
kg
69.4
78.6
79.3
80.1
82.0
105.7
Milk
thous.
tons
10976.9 11274.2 11627.2 11968.7 12560.4 111.7
Per Capita Milk
kg
319.0
328.5
329.8
330.0
331.2
103.1
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ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
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Journal:
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Eggs
mln pcs 7781.2
7788.4
8129.2
8487.5
8546.8
109.2
Per Capita Eggs
pcs
231.2
229.0
229.5
239.5
241.3
100.8
Honey
tons
13357.8 14066.9 14700.4 15620.6 16021.3 120.1
Per
Capita
Honey
kg
389.7
410.1
420.2
431.0
433.5
110.9
Wool
tons
35422
36345
37307
38639
39041.2 110.0
Per Capita Wool kg
1041.1
1050.2
1060.3
1070.4
1075.6
101.6
Karakul Pelts
mln pcs 1152.1
1252.4
1287.6
1321.1
1364.5
114.8
Per
Capita
Karakul Pelts
pcs
29.8
39.5
39.7
40.1
41.5
106.0
Silk Cocoons
tons
20941.9 22769.9 24300.2 25885.8 26046.5 121.1
Per Capita Silk
Cocoons
kg
619.8
660.0
689.5
720.1
723.5
111.8
Table 2: Dynamics of Livestock Production in Uzbekistan (2020–2024)
Conclusions and Recommendations.
In conclusion, despite the global economic instability,
Uzbekistan is ensuring the stable and adequate provision of quality food products to its
population. Necessary conditions are being created to anticipate food-related risks and to
implement innovative measures to counteract them. The practical steps outlined above
demonstrate the government’s commitment to ensuring food security in all sectors of the
economy. These measures, in turn, will enable the diversification of agricultural production,
filling the domestic market with essential goods and improving the competitiveness of local
products in foreign markets. Ultimately, these efforts will support the country’s food policy,
contribute to improving the population's welfare, and have a positive impact on Uzbekistan's
socio-economic development.
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Majlis and the people of Uzbekistan. December 22, 2022.
3. National Legislative Database of the Republic of Uzbekistan –
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
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Journal:
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