Volume 05 Issue 07-2025
21
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
05
ISSUE
07
Pages:
21-28
OCLC
–
1368736135
A
BSTRACT
This article presents the development of a device for separating and fractionating chickpea seeds from
pods, as well as the results of a theoretical study of the seed coverage process within the device. The results
of the theoretical research show that the proposed device ensures high completeness of chickpea seed
separation from pods and minimal damage to the seeds when the maximum coverage angle for feeding
seeds into the separation mechanism reaches 90°.
K
EYWORDS
Chickpea, pod, seed, beater, device, shaft, sieve, hopper, cylinder.
I
NTRODUCTION
It is well known that the development of
technologies and technical tools that ensure high-
quality execution of the processes of separating
and initially cleaning agricultural crop seeds from
ears and pods, as well as increasing their efficiency,
is considered one of the important tasks of
scientific research. In this regard, improving the
organization of agricultural crop production in
farms and reducing costs requires the
development of structurally simple devices that
can separate seeds from pods in accordance with
agrotechnical requirements, while increasing
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Research Article
Development of A Device for Separating and Fractionating
Chickpea Seeds from Pods and Theoretical Study of The
Coverage Process
Submission Date:
May 27,
2025,
Accepted Date:
June 23, 2025,
Published Date:
July 25, 2025
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijasr-05-07-03
Pardayev Obid Raximboboevich
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Technical Sciences at Jizzakh Polytechnic Institute, Uzbekistan
Islomov Muxammad
Assistant at Jizzakh Polytechnic Institute, Uzbekistan
Volume 05 Issue 07-2025
22
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
05
ISSUE
07
Pages:
21-28
OCLC
–
1368736135
energy and resource efficiency
—
one of the key
objectives of agricultural machinery engineering.
The creation of improved, energy- and resource-
efficient devices to perform the above-mentioned
tasks on farms is one of today's urgent challenges.
To address this issue, based on previous scientific
research, a schematic of a newly designed small-
scale device for fractionating chickpea seeds from
pods was developed (Figure 1) [1
–
15].
a)
b)
a)
side view; b) top view
1 – loading hopper; 2 – beaters; 3 – cylinder; 4 – shaft; 5 – frame; 6 – brush for cleaning sieve
mesh; 7 and 14 – cylindrical sieve; 8 – helical guide; 9 and 15 – bearings; 10 – chute for large
Volume 05 Issue 07-2025
23
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
05
ISSUE
07
Pages:
21-28
OCLC
–
1368736135
impurities; 11 – chute for large seeds; 12 – chute for small seeds; 13 – chute for small
impurities; 16 – chute for feeding seed mixture to the sieve; 17 – discharge outlet; 18 – electric
motor; 19 – base; 20 – pulleys
Figure 1. Structural and technological diagram of the device for separating and
fractionating chickpea seeds from pods.
Figure 1 shows the structural and technological
diagram of the device, and its working principle is
as follows: When the device is connected to the
power supply, the electric motor (18), through
pulleys (20) and belt transmissions, drives the
shaft (4) with attached beaters (2) into rotational
motion. At the same time, chickpea stalks with pods
are loaded. When the chickpea stalks fall from the
hopper (1) into the cylinder (3), the rotating
beaters (2) strike them, and due to the impact
force, the seeds are separated from the pods. Since
the beaters (2) are helically fixed to the shaft (4),
they also push the stalks forward in the direction of
rotation. Any seeds that remain unseparated are hit
again by other beaters (2) further along the path,
ensuring complete separation.
The seeds separated from the pods pass through
the sieve-like bottom and, via the seed mixture
transfer chute (16), fall into the cylindrical sieve
(7). The seed mixture that enters the sieve moves
toward the end of the sieve due to the rotation,
inclination of the sieve, and especially the influence
of the helical guide (8). Along the way, the mixture
is cleaned from large and small impurities through
the perforations on the inner surface of the sieve
and is also sorted by seed size.
When chickpea stalks fall into the cylinder through
the hopper, they interact with the beaters fixed to
the shaft. As a result, the beaters not only draw the
podded chickpea stalks into the cylinder but also
serve to separate the seeds from the pods. In order
to ensure high completeness of seed separation
from pods and minimal damage to the seeds, it is
crucial to theoretically study the coverage process
of the chickpea stalks by the beaters.
To further clarify this process, a theoretical study
of the interaction of forces acting on the mass of
podded chickpea stalks being fed into the cylinder
via the hopper is conducted (see Figure 2).
Volume 05 Issue 07-2025
24
International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
05
ISSUE
07
Pages:
21-28
OCLC
–
1368736135
Figure 2. Diagram of the forces acting during the coverage of podded chickpea stalks by
the beater
When the podded chickpea stalks, of a certain
thickness, are fed at an angle through the hopper
into the cylinder, the beaters apply a force to them
at the moment they enter the gap between the
cylinder's inner surface and the beater. This force
pushes them toward the hopper. Then, the weight
of the podded chickpea stalks generates a
gravitational force, along with a reactive force from
the surface of the hopper and a frictional force
between the stalks and the hopper surface.
In addition, when the podded chickpea stalks are
grasped and compressed by the beaters, a reactive
force acts against the surface of the beater, and
frictional force arises between the stalks and the
inner surface of the cylinder.
Based on the force diagram shown in Figure 2,
which illustrates the interaction during the
coverage process by the beater, the following
condition must be fulfilled for the mass of the
podded chickpea stalks to enter the cylinder:
,
(1)
there
–
Beater coverage angle of the podded chickpea stalks, degrees
According to the diagram shown in Figure 2, the frictional force is expressed as follow
.
(2)
ishq
S
F
P
F
+
−
sin
)
cos(
1
1
)
sin(
cos
1
−
+
=
=
S
m
ishq
F
P
f
N
f
F
Volume 05 Issue 07-2025
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International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
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2750-1396)
VOLUME
05
ISSUE
07
Pages:
21-28
OCLC
–
1368736135
If
,
,
is valid, and taking expression (2) into account, then condition (1) will
take the following form:
. (3)
By grouping the terms in expression (3) accordingly, we obtain the following expression:
. (4)
or
. (5)
(5) Analysis of the expression shows that, for this condition to be satisfied in a particular case, the following
conditions must be met:
(6)
(6) By applying certain mathematical transformations to expression (6), we obtain the following form:
(7)
or
(8)
By introducing modifications to expression (8), we arrive at the following solution:
S
S
N
f
F
1
=
S
S
Р
N
=
mg
P
=
)
sin(
cos
sin
)
cos(
1
1
1
1
−
+
+
−
S
S
P
f
mg
f
mg
P
f
)
sin
cos
(
)
sin(
)
cos(
1
1
1
−
−
−
−
f
mg
f
P
f
S
0
)
cos
(sin
)
sin(
)
cos(
1
1
1
−
+
−
−
−
f
mg
f
P
f
S
−
−
−
−
.
0
cos
sin
;
0
)
sin(
)
cos(
1
1
f
f
+
−
+
−
+
−
−
+
.
0
cos
1
sin
1
1
;
0
)
sin(
1
)
cos(
1
1
2
2
1
2
1
2
f
f
f
f
f
f
+
+
+
+
−
.
0
)
1
arccos
cos(
;
0
)
1
1
arccos
)
cos((
2
2
1
f
f
f
Volume 05 Issue 07-2025
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International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
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2750-1396)
VOLUME
05
ISSUE
07
Pages:
21-28
OCLC
–
1368736135
(9)
or
(10)
If
f
=0,655 then
By substituting this value into the second inequality of expression (10), we find the value of
𝛼
is
. Based on the physical and mechanical properties of the podded chickpea stalks, the
coefficient of friction
α=
34
0
corresponds to
, which lies within the acceptable range.
Now, by substituting this value into the first inequality of expression (10), we obtain the following:
By substituting the value into the first inequality of expression (10), we obtain the following:
+
+
+
+
−
−
.
2
3
)
1
arccos
2
;
2
1
1
arccos
2
2
2
1
f
f
f
+
−
+
−
+
−
+
+
−
+
−
.
1
arccos
2
3
1
arccos
2
;
1
1
arccos
2
1
1
arccos
2
2
2
2
1
2
f
f
f
f
f
f
+
+
.
3
)
1
arccos
;
4
1
1
arccos
2
2
f
f
f
6
7
6
90
17
=
6
7
6
90
17
=
,
4
90
17
2
4
90
17
2
1
−
+
−
+
−
180
79
180
101
1
−
Volume 05 Issue 07-2025
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International Journal of Advance Scientific Research
(ISSN
–
2750-1396)
VOLUME
05
ISSUE
07
Pages:
21-28
OCLC
–
1368736135
Or
. (11)
Based on this value, it is concluded that in order for
the beater to effectively grip the podded chickpea
stalk and lead the seed into the separation zone, the
maximum coverage angle must be 90°.
C
ONCLUSION
To achieve high completeness of chickpea seed
separation from pods and ensure minimal seed
damage, it is necessary to properly select the
coverage angle of the beater that grips the podded
chickpea stalks.
In the proposed device, high seed separation
efficiency and low seed damage can be ensured
when the maximum coverage angle for leading the
seed into the separation process is set to 90
degrees.
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VOLUME
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21-28
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