Architecture

Мазкур ўқув қўлланма 16 та тематик мавзулар мажмуаси (архитектура ва қурилиш соҳасидаги матнлар)дан иборат бўлиб, машқлар кетма-кетлиги ва хар бир даре сўнггида талабаларнинг ўзлаштиришиии аниқлаш мақсадида махсус тест саволлари ҳам келтирилган. Ушбу ўқув қўлланма иофилологик олий таълим муассасаларининг архитектура, курилиш, дизайн ва қурилиш материаллари йўналишларида таълим олаётган талабалар учун мўлжалланган. Архитсктура-қурилиш соҳасида мутахассисликка оид матнлар, терминлар ва улардан мақсадли фойдаланишга қаратилган иллюстратив расмлар билан такомиллаштирилган.
Ушбу ўқув қўлланма Республикамизнинг мустақиллик йилларида қўлга киритган ижтимоий-иқтисодий ютуқларини архитектура курилиш соҳасида акс эгтирувчи статистик маълумотлар билан бойитилган. Қолаверса, тарихий меросимизнинг ажралмас қисми ҳисобланган кадимий обидаларни, иморатларни куриш жараёнида ишлатиладиган курилиш матсриаллари ифодаловчи терминлар хам мазкур дарсликнинг ажралмас кисми сифатида шакллантирилган. Шунингдек, мазкур ўқув кўлланма ўз мехнат фаолиятида архитектура ва курилиш терминларига мурожаат этувчи архитектор-қурувчилар, шу соҳа билан қизиқувчилар учуй ҳам фойдадан холи бўлмайди.

В данной статье приведены основные характеристики различных воздействии создающие неблагоприятные условии в сохранении памятников архитектуры Хивы. Приведена описание и состояние на примере медресе Тиллябая в комплексе «Торт-Шоввоз бобо» расположенный в территории Дишан кала.

If the issues of changing suburbs are based on modern urban planning and social requirements, then problems arise in the modern conditions of development of the centers of small historical cities. On the one hand, the preservation of historical environmental values, on the other, the acquisition of new environmental qualities that correspond to the concept of modern comfort. One of the problems of the urban environment of a small city is the presence of undeveloped, unused or abandoned areas.

This article analyzes the architectural monuments of the Kokand Khanate, one of the most prominent states in the history of Central
Asia, and their construction methods based on archival documents and diaries of ambassadors to the khanate

The aim of the research work. Improving the formation of the service complexes on the Uzbek national roadway.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows:
On the routes of the Great Silk Road along the territory of Uzbekistan, caravan sites are defined after passing certain marshals (1-day or a week-long route). Using the example of the Rabati Malik monument, methods of preserving and using the historical sites on the routes of the Uzbek national roadway of discounts, caravanserai, Khazora (defensive structures), the Yomkhana (storage for tanks with water), wells, kariz and sardoba;
The schemes, experimental projects of placing the complexes of services and services at the distances of 50-100, 200-300 km at the Uzbek national roadway are considered, taking into account the regularities in the formation of service objects;
A mechanism has been developed for the integrated location of roadside infrastructure facilities of the Uzbek national roadway at the points of entry to large cities and at certain distances;
Proposals have been developed to improve the protective zones by installing multi-functional protective barriers in populated areas designed with panels of solar panels located at a height of 2.5 to 6-7 meters, lowering the level of the main routes downwards and creating artificial heights, which will minimize the noise of machines, installations Special lattice fences of 2-2.5 m high near roads in the steppe and mountainous terrain to prevent road accidents, the creation of special underground transitions for the Rutting of cattle;
The main criteria of the architectural solution of service complexes for the formation of objects of roadside infrastructure of the Uzbek national roadway are developed.

The article discusses the importance of urban greening and the degree of its impact on the health of the population. The problems of greening the cities of Uzbekistan and some aspects of solving the architectural and landscape reconstruction of cities, aimed at establishing a balance and harmonious combination of the artificial environment and nature, are shown.

The article provides historical information about a shopping street closed from above, built by Amir Temur in Samarkand in 1404, but not survived to this day. This street started from the square in front of the Bibikhanum cathedral mosque to the Chorsu building, which is located next to the Registan ensemble. This street at one time beat the first shopping street closed from above in Movarounnahr. Then ShohrukhMirzo built such a street in Girat. This article analyzes the historical materials we have collected and the work performed for the graphic reconstruction of the architecture of the shopping street of Amir Temur in Samarkand that has not survived to us.