Social Issues

The article scientifically analyzes the methods and  the method of ideological prevention in increasing and improving the responsibility of young people. At the same time, today's difficult time is an even more urgent issue of preserving and strengthening our peaceful life, ensuring the guaranteed security of our people. It is important to improve the moral, aesthetic and intellectual culture of the youth of New Uzbekistan, especially to raise their culture of information consumption to a high level in order to prevent alienation from their national identity. The modern rapidly changing world opens up new and great opportunities for mankind. At the same time, they are exposed to various evil dangers that have not been seen before. Therefore, in our country it is necessary to create a healthy environment so that young people do not succumb to various foreign ideas under the influence of globalization and information, to effectively use national customs and traditions to educate them as comprehensively developed people, as well as purposefully and systematically in this respect, spiritually relevant what matters is the further expansion of moral and educational work.

In this article, the role of the service sector in the formation of the postindustrial society has been demonstrated

This article describes the pivotal role of speech etiquette in facilitating effective communication. Speech etiquette encompasses the rules and conventions that govern verbal interactions, including politeness, respect, and appropriate language use. The study delves into the multifaceted dimensions of speech etiquette, examining its impact on interpersonal relationships, cultural understanding, and overall communication effectiveness. According to Holmes’ research investigates the moral dimensions of speech acts, shedding light on how speech etiquette can influence the perception of potentially offensive or discriminatory language [3, 7]. This study explores the role of humor in workplace communication, highlighting how speech etiquette and politeness strategies are employed to manage power dynamics and navigate potentially provocative situations. This annotated bibliography provides a foundation for understanding the critical role of speech etiquette in the communication process. By drawing on seminal works in the field [11, 12, 13, 16, 17], this research aims to contribute to a deeper appreciation of how etiquette shapes and influences effective verbal interactions across various contexts and cultures.

This article highlights the role and level of scouts in modern football. Throughout the article, various tables and analyzes are used to reveal the topic. Conclusions and suggestions are given at the end of the article.

Based on the materials of the Bukhara archive “Koshbegi” and the works of local historians, the question of the role of crafts and local workshops in the economy (trade relations) in the Surkhan region has not been studied in connection with a holistic, comprehensive analysis and analysis of sources. Political, socio-economic, cultural-historical and handicraft sector of the Surkhan region in the second half of the 18th - early 20th centuries, as well as land and waterways connecting internal and external trade routes, as well as monuments along the river indicating the addresses of residents. It is proposed to create perfect historical and geographical maps and include them in educational literature as material that illuminates the content of the relevant periods or topics.

In the article definition of the role of virtual social networks in the life of youth, what kind of information resources young people mainly use, what kind of information is needed, some aspects of the use of the internet and their socio-psychological impact have been identified. Disclosure of the declared interests and needs of students in virtual social networks, the functional role of online interactions in the life of schoolchildren, motivation for participation in virtual social networks. And given recommendation to following measures be taken to timely resolve the issues of raising the information culture of consumption and the goals of using ICT to young people, children.

The article is devoted to the issues of training military personnel in the context of independence of our country. Based on the analysis of the research done in this area, the author puts forward the directions of further strengthening and development of our national army on the basis of spiritual values. The article also shows the prospects of educating the younger military generation in the spirit of patriotism, based on the national historical experience.

The article is devoted to the formulation and concretization of the problem of the formation of a competency-based approach to teaching the Russian language in schools with the Uzbek language of instruction. The article compares the traditional approach, which is focused on instilling knowledge, skills in the Russian language, and the competence-based approach, which is aimed at developing the appropriate competencies in the Russian language among students. The combination in practice of two different strategies for teaching Russian as a non-native language occurs due to a widespread misconception among Russian language teachers, according to which competencies are identified with the sum of knowledge, skills and abilities. At the same time, the following distinction is proposed: competencies are knowledge in action, the ability to consciously apply skills and abilities in solving specific communication problems. Based on the results of the study, the need for a radical change in the pedagogical thinking of teachers of Russian as a non-native language working in the schools of Uzbekistan is stated.

This article describe how to use the information technologies in education, both in everyday life and for distance learning, is becoming increasingly widespread throughout the world. ICTs can significantly increase the chances of people getting an education at all levels. According to international experts, it is recommended that the legislation clearly establishes sanctions against the dissemination of prohibited information, including financial and administrative measures, to compile a list of prohibited information. Blocking, restricting the use of information on the internet, automatic filtering of content, firstly, these measures can’t provide security 100% effectively, and secondly, it undermines the reputation of the country, which is partially recognized as free. The widespread use of ICTs in knowledge acquisition can also promote family cohesion, promote family values, prevent adverse social conditions in families, and, above all, provide training in work and access to information and communication technologies. ICT provides an opportunity to organize remote work, the performance of professional duties by a freelancer at a distance from the location of the organization where he works (at home or in the center of telecommunications services), through telecommunications and computer equipment.

In this article, the author talks about the great work of small creators, the beautiful and unique nature of our country, animal world, ancient monuments, structures built in the years of independence, national values and traditions. The relevance of the topic of the article is expressed in the insufficient study of the scientific approach in visual arts, which is closer to scientific knowledge than other types of artistic perception of the world, and inconsistency of research evaluation.

в современных условиях активного развития цифровых инструментов системы образования, повсеместного внедрения искусственного интеллекта во все сферы деятельности человека, превалирование ценностей потребления, а также сверх быстроты глобальных процессов, возникает острая потребность в развитии духовного ориентира. В качестве противовеса этим глобальным процессам, становится актуальным организация гуманистического, ценностно культурного формирования личности учителя, обладающего не только суммой знаний, умений и способностей, а развитой системой ценностей и, в конечном счете, таким важным качеством как «интеллигентность». Особенно важным качество «интеллигентности» является для учителей русского языка как иностранного, осуществляющих свою педагогическую деятельность в иноязычной среде, в условиях межкультурной коммуникации. Актуальность рассмотрения вопроса о роли современной интеллигенции обусловлен, тем что данная социальная группа, как универсальная и наднациональная, является транслятором, хранителем, создателем и выразителем лучших ценностей, образцов, норм поведения. Объектом исследования является – учитель русского языка как иностранного, работающий в международных гуманитарных проектах, как выражение характерного образа интеллигенции. Целью статьи является рассмотрение необходимости формирования современного образа учителя, как представителя культурно-профессиональной группы, воплощающей в себе основные представления об интеллигенции в современном российском обществе 

This article reveals the relevance of the organization of landscape therapy in children's multidisciplinary rehabilitation centers. The interrelation of landscape therapy and its impact on the psycho-emotional and physiological health of the child is considered. Various methods of landscape therapy are provided in the children's rehabilitation environment.

Steam technology can be applied to pre-school institutions to make interactivity and educational process more convenient. Steam technology can benefit preschools in the following ways: Engaging games and learning through games: Steam enables students to learn through personalized games. Pupils increase scientific and practical knowledge through mastered games. Through these games, children are motivated and make the learning process interesting and interactive.

The concepts taken from the glossary of foreign political affairs are the subject of analysis. The author proposes the thrusts of the development of mass media in Uzbekistan. A. Toshev opines that mass media requires radical reforming, including establishing a special upgrading training programme for journalists, especially those who work abroad.

This article describes the technical and tactical actions of mini football players. Throughout the article, various tables and analyzes are used to reveal the topic. Conclusions and suggestions are given at the end of the article.

This essay examines the value of employing Braille resources in the language instruction of blind and visually impaired students in Uzbekistan. It looks at the difficulties this particular group of learners has and emphasizes the advantages of using Braille as a teaching tool. The conclusion of the essay discusses the value of Braille resources in empowering blind and visually impaired students in their language learning journey after presenting a literature review, hypothesis, research questions, results, and discussion. 

Jamiyat va davlatchilik ildiziga bolta urayotgan illat bu –korrupsiyadir. Korrupsiyaga qarshi kurash dunyo miqyosida bugungi kunning eng dolzarb masalalaridan biri hisoblanadi. Bu illatga qarshi kurash dunyoning ko‘plab mamlakatlarini, qolaversa, O‘zbekistonni ham qamrab olgan desak, mubolag‘a bo‘lmaydi. Mazkur illat demokratiya va huquq ustuvorligi asoslariga putur yetkazadi, inson huquqlari buzilishiga olib keladi, hayot sifatini yomonlashtiradi, bilimli, yetuk kadrlarning rivojlanishiga to‘sqinlik qiladi, ilmsizlik, manqurtlik va shaxsiy rivojlanmaslikning ildiz otib, gullashi uchun sharoit yaratib beradi. Ushbu illatni bartaraf etish bo‘yicha jahon hamjamiyati tomonidan bir qator samarali ishlar amalga oshirilayotgan bo‘lsada, hanuzgacha u bartaraf etilmayotganligini ta’kidlab o‘tishimiz joiz. Jinoyatni jazolashdan ko‘ra, uni oldini olish singari profilaktik tadbirlarning yo‘lga qo‘yilishi qay darajada oqilonaligi allaqachon isbotlangan. Shu sababli biz korrupsiyani yo‘qotish uchun avvalambor, uning kelib chiqish ildizi qayerdaligini bilishimiz kerak. Sifatsiz kadrlarning yetishib chiqishi tibbiyot sohasida yetarli darajada insonlar hayotiga xavf silmoqda. Bu ham bejiz emas, albatta, ta’lim sohasida korrupsiyaning ko‘zga ko‘rinarli darajada gurkirab rivojlanayotganligining belgisidir. Yuqoridagi fikrlarni inobatga olgan holatda oliy ta’lim va tibbiyot sohasidagi korrupsion holatlarni jahon tajribasi asosida yo‘qotishning ba’zi usullari tahlil qilinadi

Ushbu maqolada ta`lim-tarbiya sifatini oshirish jarayonida pedagogik va psixologik moslashuvchanligi haqida so`z boradi. Pedagogika fani falsafa, sotsiologiya, psixologiya, fiziologiya, meditsina, axborot texnologiyalari va boshqa insonshunoslik fanlari bilan aloqador, pedagogika fanlar tizimi, sifatiga kiritsak yanglishmagan bo‘lamiz.

Maqolada bolalaming o'smirlik davri va uning o'ziga xosligi, bolalikdan kattalik yoshiga o‘tish vaqtida fiziologik o‘zgarishlar haqida fikr bildirilgan. Shuningdek, o‘smir yoshdagi bolalaming o'z-o'zini anglashi, tengdoshlariga o‘xshashlikni shakllantirish va ularda hulqning paydo bo’lish hususiyatlari ilmiy manbalar asosida yoritilgan.

In the article, studying the influence of the tax burden on the activities of taxpayers, the
necessity of calculating the tax burden in the national economy, the distribution of the tax
burden in the economy between taxpayers is considered, attention is also paid to the directions
of calculating the tax burden on legal entities and individuals.

Maqolada ta'lim sohasida innovatsiyalami joriy etish va ulaming intellektual mulkni huquqiy himoya qilish bilan bog'liqligi ko'rib chiqiladi. Muallif ta'lim muhitidagi dolzarb tendentsiyalami tahlil qilib, o'quv jarayonini yaxshilash uchun zamonaviy texnologiyalar va usullardan foydalanish zarurligini ta'kidlaydi.

this article discusses and analyzes the level of poverty, its international criteria and the methodology for determining the poverty line, the causes and socio-economic consequences of poverty, the main functions of the state in reducing poverty, including the experience in developed countries to reduce it. Also, were highlighted current institutional reforms for reduce poverty in our country

The article explains that during the time of Amir Temur, he paid attention to the tax system, agriculture and landscaping, tried to establish the criteria of justice in his country, and there was also an increase in fine arts, miniature art and monumental painting in the country. on examples from the “Laws of Temur”.

The actuality and claiming of the theme of dissertation. In the whole world the problems of the pollution as well as the issues of the environmental security of the population and territories arc taking on and increasingly growing urgency. According to the data of the World Health Organization, app. 24% of illnesses and 23% of fatal cases on the planet arc caused by the harmful environmental factors that might have been prevented. «In the present world negative exogenous conditions steal more than 13 mln human lives yearly and arc the immediate causes of every third illness among the children under five».5
Upon gaining the independence, a great attention in our country is focused on socio-cconomical and environmental issues including the modernization of public health system. In particular, the Government of the Republic of Uzbekistan has adopted a number of decrees and regulations to improve the quality of life and the health characteristics of the population that, in their turn, shall provide a significant growth of the living standards and amend the nosogcographical situation in the country.
Presently, all over the world, geographical distinctions in the structures of sickness rates and life intervals on the global, regional and local scales are determined by the territorial changeability of harmful natural and socio-cconomical factors and their impact on human health. The nowadays orientation of the ‘environment-health’ vector is governed not only by natural conditions but also by environmental factors as well as by the need for the revelation of the causc-and-cffect relations between the environment and the sickness rate of the population, compilation of maps to reflect medico-geographical situation in the world and in certain territories, elaboration of medico-geographical forecasts for countries and their regions and, in the long run, taking into account the spatial differentiation of the morbidity in the perfection of the health system. All these circumstances determine the topicality of the present dissertation research.
The present dissertation research, within certain limits, is to solve the tasks anticipated in the Decree № ПП-2487 of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan as of february 9, 2016 «On the State Program «The Year of the Healthy Mother and Child», in the Decree № ПП-2221 of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan as of august 1, 2014 «On the State Program for the Further Strengthening of the Reproductive Health, and Mothers’, Children’s and Juveniles’ Health Protection for the period of the Years of 2014-2018», in the Decision of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan № 142 as of may 27, 2013 «The Action Program of the Environment Protection in the Republic of Uzbekistan in 2013-2017» as well as other legal documents adopted in the sphere.
The aim of research work is to develop scientific practical recommendations for the steady development of the region and for the improvement of human health in the Republic of Karakalpakstan.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows:
determined the spatial differentiation and the geographical peculiarities of the human morbidity in the Republic of Karakalpakstan;
revealed the correlation links between the illnesses and harmful environment factors in the Republic of Karakalpakstan in the context of the medico-geographical zones;
discovered local and zonal regularities of the influence of certain natural and environment factors on the illness rate;
developed a series of nosogcographical maps to reflect the mcdico-geographical situation in the region;
determined fundamental geographical peculiarities of the improvement of human health and the provision of the steady social development of the Republic of Karakalpakstan.
CONCLUSION
Taking into account the main results and conclusions of the study can make the following scientific-practical suggestions and recommendations:
1. It is necessary to conclude a new agreement for the protection and sharing of transboundary water resources of the river. Amu Darya, in accordance with the UN Convention, the implementation of the previously reached agreements of Central Asian states for the assurance of water passes into the Aral Sea and the Aral Sea region, as well as the adoption of a coordinated solution to the problem of construction of the Rogun hydropower station in Tajikistan.
2. Establishment of environmental monitoring of the environment on the part of government, academic and nongovernmental organizations; improving the integration of environmental protection and health sectors in solving environmental problems and public health.
3. Implementation of a new environmental policy and sustainable development, gradual implementation of rural employment problems, the regulation of migration processes, reducing the outflow of population from Muynak, Takhtakupyr, Kungrad and other areas of Takhiatash through the creation of new jobs, support private sector investment, construction joint socially significant enterprises, etc.
4. Keeping monitoring of nosoecological situation, further improvement of the forecast development with the development of timely practical advice. Comprehensive analysis of the environmental situation in the context of individual areas, evaluation of interventions, environmental culture and consciousness of the population.
5. Provision of sanitary-epidemiological prosperity by strengthening preventive measures. Providing the population of cities, district centers and rural localities of RK with tap water (tap water bring security to the average level in Uzbekistan) and the improvement of its quality, the creation and expansion of sewerage networks in cities and towns, improving the health of environmental infrastructure of medico-geographical areas.
6. In the Northern medico-geographical area it is advisable to carry out a periodic watering, so-called "sanitary water releases" of water along the river Amu-Darya to increase the amount of drinking and irrigation water, combat desertification and soil salinity, filling drying lakes, improve landscape and biotic environment. Ultimately, these measures will contribute to the improvement of mcdical-gcographical situation and the life conditions for the population, reduce the incidence of child and infant mortality.
7. In Central and Southern medical-geographical areas it is necessary to develop a network of municipal and departmental water supply systems, to reconstruct and repair the head of centralized sewage treatment plant water supply systems in order to bring water quality up to state standards and to achieve water supply to the population, excluding the hourly water supply.
8. In the Southern medical-geographical area, a population for drinking and household purposes widely uses water tube wells, it is advisable to improve the system of hand pumps, to develop a network of local items for cleaning and selling purified drinking water for the population.
9. Retrofitting modem diagnostic medical equipment (eg, appliances such as doplergraf), in particular, oncological clinic in Nukus. Fitting Oncology Center in the capital of RK with advanced radiotherapy equipment, improvement of the nosogcografical situation in Muynak, Chimbay, Takhtakupir, Karauzyak areas. Fitting Republican General Hospital with hemodialysis unit.
10. For specializing in livestock administrative regions, rates of some populations of parasitic diseases (such as brucellosis) higher than in the RK. This shows that we must also focus more on monitoring the epidemiological situation in the region.
11. Development and adjustment of forecasts of population health as an integral part of the concept and strategy of socio-economic development of the RK, cartographic support for the implementation of the project of scientific -research works.
12. Further development of research in the field nosoecology as directions, emerging at the intersection of geo-ecology and nosogeography. This is of paramount importance and implementation of comprehensive large-scale monographic research works on individual nosogcographical habitats, homes and centers of the most common forms of disease of population.
13. The expert 6 interviews revealed that in Karakalpakstan, in the future it is expected to remain high in comparison with the national average of general and primary morbidity of the population, the incidence of respiratory diseases, tuberculosis, diseases of the digestive system, circulatory system diseases, as well as the preservation of infant and maternal mortality.

Subject of the inquiry: the policy pursued by the government of our country to provide intense social protection of the population.
Aim of the inquiry: scientific investigation and analysis of forming the social safety net for the population in Uzbekistan within the years of independence, the work accomplished by the state and sponsor organizations in rendering material support for the low-income and impecunious people (by the example of southern regions).
Methods of the inquiry: the methods of historicism, scientific approach, systematization of collected materials, complex generalization, comparative-historical approach, periodicity, and objectivism have been used in carrying out the investigation.
The results achieved and their novelty: on the bases of various archive materials, current and statistical data, the social safety net for the population in Uzbekistan has been fully explored by the example of the Surkhandarya and Kashkadarya oblasts. The large scope of collected material has been generalized and systematized with analyzing the distinctive features of social protection of the population in oases are.
Practical value: the research results and generalized materials of the dissertation can be used in the system of education, in lecturing and preparation of special lecture-courses, besides, the dissertational material can be used in writing the respective chapters of the history of Uzbekistan.
Degree of embed and economic effectivity: the research results found their reflection in author’s presentations at 19 scientific conferences and 5 scientific articles published.
Sphere of usage: the results of the dissertational work can be used in preparing and writing scientific works, textbooks, and educational books revealing the essence of the period of independence in the history of Uzbekistan, as well as in rendering special lecture-courses at the higher educational establishments and universities on the independence periods.