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SOME CONSIDERATIONS ON THE USE AND TRANSLATION OF
ENGLISH MEDICAL TERMS
Gazieva Shakhnoza
Teacher of the department of Language of Samarkand Zarmed University
Abstract.
This article discusses the translation and significance of medical
terms and phrases used in English. It provides information on the structural and
morphological significance of English medical terms, their role in medicine and their
specific features. In addition, the specific role and models of English phrases used
in communicative communication in medicine are presented based on examples and
analysis.
Key words:
medical term, structure, prefix, suffix, communicative
communication, internal organs, medical treatment.
Annotatsiya.
Ushbu maqolada ingliz tilida qo’llaniladigan tibbiy terminlar va
jumlalarning tarjimasi va ahamiyati to’g’risida fikr yuritilgan. Unda inglizcha tibbiy
terminlarning struktur va morfologik ahamiyati, tibbiyotdagi o’rni va o’ziga xos
xususiyatlari borasida ma’lumotlar berilgan. Bundan tashqari tibbiyotda
kommunikativ muloqoda ishlatiladigan inglizcha frazalarning o’ziga xos o’rni va
modellari misollar va tahlillar asosida keltirilgan.
Kalit so’zlar:
tibbiy atama, struktura, prefiks, suffiks, komminikativ muloqot,
ichki organlar, tibbiy muolaja.
English medical terms are terms used in the field of scientific medicine, often
used by professional specialists. These terms are used to accurately describe various
diseases, medical procedures, organs, surgical procedures, drugs, and other medical
concepts. English medical terms are often borrowed from Latin and Greek, because
these languages have been widely used in medical science since ancient times.
Structure of medical terms.
English medical terms are often formed based
on the following structures:
Prefix (prefixes)
– Affixes are parts of a medical word that either expand or
narrow the meaning of the word. For example, "hypo-" (less), "hyper-" (more), "sub-
" (under).
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1.
Root (main root)
– The main word, i.e. the parts that describe a specific
disease or condition. For example, "cardi-" (heart), "neuro-" (neuron or
nervous system).
2.
Suffix (suffixes)
– The endings at the end of medical words that complete or
describe their meaning. For example, "-itis" (inflammation), "-ectomy" (cut
or removal).
Cardiologist
– A doctor who studies the heart. The word is formed from the
combination of "cardi-" (heart) and "-ologist" (specialist).
1.
Appendectomy
– Surgical removal of a lung abscess. "Appendix" (lung) and
"-ectomy" (removal) added.
2.
Hypertension
– High blood pressure. Made up of the words "Hyper-" (high)
and "-tension" (pressure).
3.
Neurosurgery
– Neurosurgery, i.e. surgical procedures involving the nervous
system. The words "neuro-" (nervous system) and "-surgery" (surgery) are
combined.
The importance of medical terminology.
The accuracy and correct use of
medical terms is very important, as they facilitate communication between
specialists and allow for the effective treatment of diseases or conditions. In
medicine, the use of incorrect words or misunderstandings can seriously affect the
health of a patient. Also, English medical terms are used in different parts of the
world, which further strengthens communication between global medical
professionals.
The widespread use of English in the field of medicine is of great importance
today on a global scale. English has become the main language for many scientific
studies, technical and clinical documents. The correct and accurate translation of
medical terminology plays a vital role in providing the necessary care for patients.
Therefore, the translation of English medical terms and their correct approach are of
great importance.
There are several difficulties in translating medical terms from English into
other languages. Each language has its own grammatical structure, ways of defining
terms, and cultural perspectives. English medical terms often need to be precise and
accurate, as they directly affect the lives and health of patients. Translators need to
convey these terms in a clear, understandable, and language-appropriate manner.
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For example, the English term "hypertension" requires special nuances when
translating into other languages. When translating this term, its medical meaning, as
well as medical concepts specific to each language, are taken into account.
English medical terms must be clear, concise, and reliable. They are often
words derived from Latin, so they can be similar in different languages. For example,
words such as "cardiology" and "oncology" are often preserved in the same form in
different languages when translated from English because these terms are used as a
common concept internationally.
However, not every medical term is always translated in the same way. In
some cases, these terms differ depending on local traditions, medical styles, and
culture. For example, the translation of the term "diabetes mellitus" (diabetes) may
be the same depending on the medical tradition, but in some languages it may be
interpreted differently.
The main issues to consider when translating English medical terms are
as follows.
1.
Taking context into account.
The translation of a medical term should be
done based on the context. Each term can be interpreted differently depending
on the clinical situation or laboratory data.
2.
Clarity of terminology.
Translators must maintain the precise medical
meaning of a term. In the medical field, an incorrect translation can harm a
patient's health.
3.
Taking into account cultural differences.
The way medical terms are
understood and accepted may differ from region to region or language to
language, so it is important to pay attention to cultural nuances when
translating.
Furthermore, speaking English in medicine is essential to ensure effective
communication between doctors, medical staff and patients. Let's take a look at some
of the key English vocabulary and terms used in medicine:
1. Greeting the patient:
Hello, how are you feeling today?, Can you tell me
what brings you here today?, Please take a seat.
2. Conducting the examination:
I'm going to check your temperature,
Let
me listen to your heart and lungs,
Take a deep breath.
3. If the patient talks about symptoms:
When did the pain start?, Is the pain
constant or does it come and go?, On a scale of 1 to 10, how severe is the pain?.
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4. Diagnosis and treatment:
You need an X-ray to better understand the
problem, We will prescribe some medication to help you feel better, You may need
surgery to treat this condition.
5. During the treatment process:
You need to follow these instructions
carefully, If you experience any side effects, please let me know, This procedure will
help reduce the pain.
6. Ending the consultation:
Do you have any other questions?, Please come
back for a follow-up appointment next week, Take care, and I hope you feel better
soon.
Such expressions are used in medicine when communicating with patients and
can be helpful to doctors and nurses working in the medical field.
Conclusion.
The translation of English medical terms is essential for effective
communication and collaboration in the medical field. Care and accuracy are
required when translating, as this directly affects the patient's diagnosis, treatment
process and clinical outcomes. Translators must consider a wide range of scientific
sources, medical dictionaries and expert recommendations to ensure accurate and
precise translation of medical terms. Also, taking into account language differences
and cultural characteristics helps to ensure the correct transmission of each medical
term.
English medical terms are essential for the development of medical science
and for more effective international cooperation. These words help to clearly express
medical concepts and are an essential tool for proper communication between
different specialists.
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