1972
ResearchBib IF - 11.01, ISSN: 3030-3753, Volume 2 Issue 4
CARABUS AURATUS BEETLE’S MORPHOLOGY AND DISTRIBUTION.
Sevara Akramjonovna Omonova
Fergana State University, Teacher.
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15292611
Abstract. The article provides information about the morphology, anatomy, and ecology
of Carabus auratus
.
Carabus auratus is adapted to live near the soil surface. It can skillfully
move underground while searching for prey or for defense. The structure of the beetle's legs,
along with its strong claws, allows it to move easily on the ground and successfully navigate
through thorny plants. These characteristics not only show its role as a predator but also
highlight its importance as a crucial part of the ecological system.
Keywords: Buprestidae, xylem, vegetation, continental, entomophagous, parasite,
segment, herbivorous,
Rumex syriacus
, insecticide.
МОРФОЛОГИЯ И РАСПРОСТРАНЕНИЕ ЖУКА CARABUS AURATUS.
Аннотация. В статье представлена информация о морфологии, анатомии и
экологии Carabus auratus. Carabus auratus приспособлен к жизни вблизи поверхности
почвы. Он может искусно передвигаться под землей в поисках добычи или для защиты.
Строение ног жука, наряду с его сильными когтями, позволяет ему легко
передвигаться по земле и успешно ориентироваться среди колючих растений. Эти
характеристики не только показывают его роль как хищника, но и подчеркивают его
важность как важнейшей части экологической системы.
Ключевые слова: Buprestidae, ксилема, растительность, континентальный,
энтомофаг, паразит, сегмент, растительноядный, Rumex syriacus, инсектицид.
The morphology and anatomy of
Carabus auratus
are very unique and hold an important
place in the insect world. The div structure of this beetle demonstrates its perfect adaptation to
a predatory lifestyle and its habitat.
The div of
Carabus auratus
is elongated and has a smooth shape, with a length
typically ranging from 20 to 30 mm. The beetle's div is metallic in color, either gold or green,
which results from the interaction of pigmentation and microscopic layers. These attractive
colors distinguish it from other species and often spark interest for decorative purposes. The head
is relatively small, with sharp eyes that have a complex structure and provide a wide field of
vision. This is especially important for hunting and tracking moving prey. The beetle’s jaws are
very strong and sharp, used for grabbing and crushing its prey. Its antennae are long and
segmented, enabling
Carabus auratus
to sense touch and smell.
The main part of the div is divided into three sections: the head, thorax, and abdomen.
1973
ResearchBib IF - 11.01, ISSN: 3030-3753, Volume 2 Issue 4
The thorax contains the div’s movable parts, including the strong legs. These legs are
adapted for fast running, further enhancing the beetle’s characteristics as an active predator.
Special structures located at the ends of the legs help it dig into the soil and capture its prey.
Carabus auratus
The beetle’s hard wings, known as elytra, tightly cover its posterior and protect the inner
wings. These wings serve not only as mechanical protection but also help the beetle survive in
aquatic environments or other challenging habitats. The surface of the elytra is smooth and
glossy, with small lines and ridges present on it.
The defense mechanisms play a crucial role in the survival of the beetle.
Carabus auratus
releases chemical substances from its div surface when threatened, scaring off predators. This
defense method is also found in other species of the Carabidae family, demonstrating their
contribution to ecological stability.
Carabus auratus
stands out not only with its appearance but also with its biological and
ecological characteristics. This beetle is known as an exceptionally successful predator due to its
prey-searching ability, adaptation to its habitat, and unique defense mechanisms.
The golden
Carabus
is primarily found in the European region, particularly in forested
and grassy areas. It is distinguished by its activity both day and night, though it primarily hunts
at night. This behavior allows it to hunt more safely during the nighttime. Typically,
Carabus
auratus
feeds on various insects, their larvae, and eggs. Unlike other predatory insects, this
beetle can successfully open and consume insects with hard exoskeletons. This is due to its
strong jaws and sharp mandibles.
Carabus auratus
is adapted to live near the soil surface. It can skillfully move
underground while searching for prey or for defense. The structure of the beetle’s legs, along
with its strong claws, allows it to move easily on the ground and successfully navigate through
thorny plants. These characteristics not only highlight its role as a predator but also show its
importance as a crucial part of the ecological system.The defense mechanisms of
Carabus
auratus
are one of its distinctive features. When threatened, the beetle releases special chemical
substances from its div surface. These substances have an unpleasant odor that scares off
predators.
1974
ResearchBib IF - 11.01, ISSN: 3030-3753, Volume 2 Issue 4
In some cases, the substance also acts as an irritant, making it difficult for the predator to
approach the beetle. This defense method has increased its chances of survival through natural
selection. The reproduction process of
Carabus auratus
is also unique. Female beetles lay their
eggs in the soil or among plant debris. These eggs are well-protected from pests. The larvae that
hatch from the eggs grow by molting several times and eventually transition into adult form. The
larvae are also predatory, feeding on smaller prey.
The golden
Carabus
plays an important role in maintaining ecological balance. By
consuming pest insects, including plant eggs and smaller beetles, it helps control their
populations. For this reason,
Carabus auratus
is considered a beneficial insect in agriculture. Its
presence is crucial for maintaining ecosystem health and supporting biodiversity.
Due to its biological characteristics and ecological significance, interest in this species is
not only prevalent among the scientific community but also among insect enthusiasts. This beetle
is a vivid example of natural beauty and beneficial predation. Protecting its habitat and
monitoring its population is important for ensuring future ecological stability.
More information about the characteristics and significance of
Carabus auratus
(Golden
Carabus) includes the following:
This beetle is of great importance as a biological pest control agent in agriculture and
forest environments. In particular, plant-damaging insects, such as caterpillars and fly larvae, are
its main prey. For this reason,
Carabus auratus
is considered a natural alternative to the use of
harmful chemical insecticides in ecological farming. This not only ensures the healthy growth of
plants but also protects soil and water sources from pollution.
The habitat of
Carabus auratus
is highly diverse. It is adapted to live in grasslands,
forests, fields, and gardens. The beetle typically moves on the soil surface, but when necessary, it
can burrow underground to hide. It prefers damp and cool environments, which is why it is often
found during the rainy season or at night. The quality and stability of the soil are crucial for this
species, as the soil serves not only as its habitat but also as a suitable place for egg-laying.
Feeding of Carabus auratus
1975
ResearchBib IF - 11.01, ISSN: 3030-3753, Volume 2 Issue 4
Carabus auratus
has distinct stages in its life cycle. The larvae that hatch from the eggs
molt several times during their development and grow larger. These larvae also actively search
for and consume prey. The transition from the larval stage to the adult stage takes several
months, and the duration of this process depends on the temperature of the habitat and the
availability of food sources.
The population of
Carabus auratus
is usually well-balanced in nature, but human
activities can have a negative impact on their numbers. Deforestation, intensive farming
practices, and the excessive use of pesticides reduce their habitats. Therefore, it is crucial to
conserve this species and maintain the stability of their habitats.
Within the framework of biodiversity conservation strategies, several measures can be
taken to support the population of
Carabus auratus
. These measures include protecting natural
habitats, using biological methods for pest control, and reducing pesticide application. These
actions not only help preserve this beetle species but also contribute to maintaining the overall
stability of ecosystems.
The genetic diversity of the golden
Carabus
is also of significant importance in scientific
research.
Through genetic studies, we can explore how this species interacts with other insects and
plants, as well as gain a better understanding of its role in the ecological system. These studies
will greatly benefit the protection of natural environments and the development of sustainable
agriculture. In conclusion,
Carabus auratus
is not only a vibrant representative of biological
diversity but also plays a crucial role in ensuring ecological stability. Its beauty, beneficial
predatory abilities, and significant role in ecosystems are of great value to humanity. Therefore,
special attention must be given to protecting this species and its habitat.
REFERENCES
1.
Lewis, Jake H; Webster, Reginald P.; McAlpine, Donald F. (18 June 2015). "First
Occurrence in Canada of Carabus auratus L.(Coleoptera: Carabidae), an Adventive
Ground Beetleof European Origin". The Coleopterists Bulletin.
69
(2): 264–266.
2.
Smith M.E. (1959) Carabus auratus L. and other carabid beetles introduced into the
United States as Gypsy Moth (Lymantria dispar) predators (Coleoptera, Carabidae).
Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 61: 7-10.
3.
Nelson, R. E., and R. A. Reynolds. 1987. Carabus auratus L. and Clivina fossor L.
(Coleoptera: Carabidae): New records of two introduced taxa in the Northwest and
Northeast U.S.A. Journal of the New York Entomological Society 95(1): 10–13.
1976
ResearchBib IF - 11.01, ISSN: 3030-3753, Volume 2 Issue 4
4.
Dearborn, R. G., R. E. Nelson, C. Donahue, R. T. Bell, and R. P. Webster. 2014. The
ground beetle THE COLEOPTERISTS BULLETIN 69(2), 2015 265 (Coleoptera:
Carabidae) fauna of Maine, USA. The Coleopterists Bulletin 68(3): 441–599.
5.
Catalogue of Palearctic Coleoptera. Vol. 1 ed. I.
Stenstrup, Denmark, 2003 and 2004 ISBN 87-88757-73-0, p.194
6.
E
KKEHARD
W
ACHMANN
,
R
ALPH
P
LATEN
,
D
IETER
B
ARNDT
. Laufkäfer - Beobachtung,
Lebensweise, Naturbuch-Verlag Augsburg, 1995.
7.
Carabus (Tachypus) auratus Linnaeus, 1761 - photos from Carabusonline.co.uk.
