Жамият ва инновациялар –
Общество и инновации –
Society and innovations
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The nominative and propositive structures of the word
Raxima KURBANOVA
1
Samarkand State Medical Institute
ARTICLE INFO
ABSTRACT
Article history:
Received March 2021
Received in revised form
20 March 2021
Accepted 15 April 2021
Available online
20 May 2021
The central unit of the language is the nominative meaning of
the word, which has been thoroughly studied by the present time
of the development of the linguistic science and had fundamental
research in this area. However, the study of the nominative
meaning of syntactic structures in recent years has also begun to
be included in the research agenda, and today it has become a
special syntactic problem.
2181-1415/© 2021 in Science LLC.
This is an open access article under the Attribution 4.0 International
(CC BY 4.0) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.ru)
Keywords:
nomninative,
propositive,
words structure,
derivation.
So‘zning nominativ va ta’sirli tuzilmalari
ANNOTATSIYA
Kalit so‘zlar:
nominativ,
propozitiv,
so’zlar tarkibi,
hosil qilish.
Tilning markaziy birligi bu lingvistik ilm-fan taraqqiyotining
hozirgi davri tomonidan chuqur o‘rganilgan va bu sohada
fundamental tadqiqotlarga ega bo‘lgan so‘zning nominativ
ma’nosidir. Biroq, so‘nggi yillarda sintaktik tuzilmalarning
nominativ ma’nosini o‘rganish ham tadqiqot kun tartibiga kiritila
boshlandi va bugungi kunda bu maxsus sintaktik muammoga
aylandi.
Номинативные и влияющие структуры слова
АННОТАЦИЯ
Ключевые слова:
номинатив,
пропозитив,
структура слов,
вывод.
Центральной единицей языка является номинативное
значение слова, которое к настоящему времени развития
лингвистической науки было досконально изучено и имело
фундаментальные исследования в этой области. Однако
изучение именительного падежа синтаксических структур в
последние годы также стало включаться в повестку дня
исследований и сегодня это стало особой синтаксической
проблемой.
1
Lecturer of Samarkand State Medical Institute, Samarkand, Uzbekistan.
Жамият ва инновациялар – Общество и инновации – Society and innovations
Special Issue – 4 (2021) / ISSN 2181-1415
319
It is noteworthy that syntactic structures, in particular, the nominative character of
the word, show that there is a significant difference between the nominative features of
the word and a sentence. Firstly, a word is literally a nominative unit, and therefore
maintains its status in the speech and in the vocabulary of the language. The sentence is
temporal in this aspect. It can only express a real nominative meaning when used in
speech. Secondly, the fact that the word is a nominative unity is also clearly seen in the
context of the denotation, which is reflected in the form of a specific narrative expressed
through it. In other words, the expression of the word (signifier) is a pure sign, and the
expression of the statement is a sign that also comes in the status of a denotation. Thirdly,
the word is often polysemantic, and the sentence is monosemantic. Fourthly, if the word is
a nominative unit, then this is the case once in a lifetime [1].
The nominative mark of the speech is in close contact with its propositional
structure. The concept of “proposition” plays an important role, because the proposition is
the center of the meaning of the word.
It should be noted that the nominative and propositive structures of the word are
closely related to the illogical plan of the speaker. It also has a strong impact on the per-
locutative plan, which is based on the acceptance of the listener's message. Most of the
issues mentioned above are still in linguistics and these problems, in particular, have not
been literally investigated in terms of systemic interpretation of language units. Based on
these, it is possible to argue the relevance of the topic selected for the article [2-5].
The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the lexical and propositive
characteristics of the syntactic structures on the basis of the relationships and to give them
a scientific interpretation of their related issues.
Research tasks:
–
studying the communicative process and its communicative state, and focusing on
the derivative characteristics of the speech units;
–
studying the process of nuances related to a specific situation and the formation
of a nominative meaning in this situation;
–
To give a comparative interpretation of the lexical and propositional nominations;
We know that any sentence serves to name certain reality and informs about it. To
express reality events in the form of a sentence, it is necessary to choose the correct
syntactic structures, and this requires the right choice and nominative units in the status
of the word. That is, in this case, the reserve of ready nominative units of the speaker
acquires great importance.
Although all the nominative units (noun, adjective, verb, participle) are similar to
each other in that they express a certain concept, but each of them sharply differs from
each other [6] The structure of linguistic activity manifests itself in acts of naming, where
the instrument is speech sounds, and material – naming objects (things real or imaginary).
It should be noted that there is no a complete identity between a naming and an object. In
other words, the relationship between the denotation and the signifier is not always
constant and stable. Since in the process of speech the significant can both approach the
denotation, and move away from it. For example, stout, fat people are compared to a bear,
and strong ones to a tiger. In such cases, the relationship between the denotation and the
signifier becomes abstract.
Жамият ва инновациялар – Общество и инновации – Society and innovations
Special Issue – 4 (2021) / ISSN 2181-1415
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A harmonious connection between the denotation and the signifier arises when the
nominative unit is expressed by a noun. And in other words, acting in the status of a
nominative unit, the connection between the denotation and the signifier is somewhat
abstracted. Take, for example, the words road, house, stone, to walk, to sit, to swim. In the
words road, house, stone, the objective expression manifests itself clearly. However, in the
words to walk, to sit, to swim, although the action, the event is expressed clearly, but at the
same time it is clear that the meaning of the denotation is abstract. Of course, derived
words are nominative units that exist in the vocabulary of our language, but in their
linguistic nature, they are sharply different from non-derivative words [7].
In descriptive linguistics one can find opinions about the similarity of internal
structures of complex words and phrases, as well as suggestions. But the very concept of a
complex word is not abolished. For example: a chimney sweeper – he sweeps chimneys –
he cleans the pipes; The man refused to chair the session – the man’s refusal to chair the
session.
The founder of logical semantics G. Frege gave a fairly convincing interpretation of
the notion of nominative content. He introduced the lexical nomination into the research
agenda first, then the question of the need to consider the proposal as a nominative unit.
The concepts of denotation and reference were also first used by this scientist [8].
The proposition is determined based on the number of arguments of the relational
predicate: I returned the book to my brother; my brother received a book from me; the
book was returned to me by my brother. Here there is a three-argument or three-place
predicate: “return – get back – be returned”. Prior to the actualization of the arguments,
the predicate is only a “propositional function”, an abstract possibility of proposition [9].
The nominative meaning is definitely based on proposition. Therefore, the concept
of propositional nomination is widely used lately. The concept of propositional nomination
is not only important for semantic learning of syntactic structures but also language
phenomena. The fact that there is a certain situation behind the proposal requires a
nominative event, and a situation always has a proposition behind it. This is the basis of
the propositive nomination: 1. The rain dripped from the palm trees (O. Henri) – It was
raining from the palm leaves. – After a second our door opened and a young man of high
stature entered the room.
In the first of the above sentences, we see a single proposition (because of the
limited structure), so the situation and the sentence can be considered as an isomorphic
phenomenon. Of course, this should be understood relatively, since the situation is behind
the proposal and can become completely isomorphic event only with respect to the
proposal. In the second sentence, because of the existence of two propositions, the
situation and the proposal cannot become isomorphic events [10].
Thus, we can speak of a nominative meaning only when the syntactic structure
requires a phrase or sentence. However, the situation can only be related to a sentence or
a larger syntactic unit. And the situation can not arise without the participation of the
human factor.
Conclusion
However, it should be noted that the lexical nomination event is formed within the
specific meaning of a particular word. The concept presented through the identity is
relative abstract. This abstract moves to a specific expression when used realistically in
speech. It should be also noted that the actual meaning of the word is always kept.
Additional characters added in the talk cannot change the true meaning of the word.
Жамият ва инновациялар – Общество и инновации – Society and innovations
Special Issue – 4 (2021) / ISSN 2181-1415
321
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