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ISSN:3030-3613
HARMFUL EFFECTS OF ATMOSPHERIC AIR ON THE EXTERNAL
ENVIRONMENT
Yadgarova Shahodat Salihovna
Bukhara State Medical Institute, Uzbekistan
https://orcid.org/0009-0004-70025-5671
Abstract.
Mineral substances make up the solid part of the soil. In natural
deposition, solid particles occupy a certain part of the mass of the soil, and the rest is
made up of pits (porosity), which have different sizes and shapes in the range of
particles and their aggregates. The total sum of these spaces is called soil porosity. Soil
porosity is Capillary and non-capillary. Small particles of capillary porous soil are
equal to the volume in the capillary range, and non-capillary porosity is equal to the
volume of large pits between the elements of the macrostructure.
Keywords.
Lithosphere, radiating rocks, reclamation state, microflora.
The soil is a natural structure formed from the change of lithospheric surface
floors under the influence of water, air and living organisms and made up of genetically
interconnected horizons; the surface and fertile layer of the Earth's crust. The most
important feature of the soil, which differs from the radiating rocks, is its fertility. Soil
science is engaged in such issues as the study of soil and the compilation of its
classification, the development of methods for improving its composition and
increasing its fertility. The main factors that make up the soil are: climate, soil native
sex, flora and fauna, terrain and geological age of the area and human economic
activity.
Rock rocks that rise to the surface of the earth are eroded (irradiated) under the
influence of precipitation, carbon dioxide, oxygen, air temperature, mechanical forces,
water and substances dissolved in it, air, microorganisms and tuberous plants (or
lichens). The radiating rocks are crushed to form a porous layer. This layer acquires a
new property over time — a moist capacity and a small amount of nutrients that plants
can absorb. Microorganisms in the emerging new environment create conditions for
the growth of plants due to their life activity, plants absorb and accumulate in
themselves the necessary nutrients for their life from the soil. Part of the destroyed
plant decomposes under the influence of microorganisms and turns into minerals, and
the rest into humus (humus) as a result of complex biochemical processes. All these
processes take place in conditions of continuous irradiation, as well as the sour
substances secreted by the plant roots, as well as organic residues.
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ISSN:3030-3613
The soil is composed of solid, liquid, gaseous and living components. Their ratio
to each other is different T.not only larda, but also different in different layers of one
soil type. Mineral substances make up the solid part of the soil. In natural deposition,
solid particles occupy a certain part of the mass of the soil, and the rest is made up of
pits (porosity), which have different sizes and shapes in the range of particles and their
aggregates. The total sum of these spaces is called soil porosity. Soil porosity is
Capillary and non-capillary. Small particles of capillary porous soil are equal to the
volume in the capillary range, and non-capillary porosity is equal to the volume of large
pits between the elements of the macrostructure. The porosity of the mineral part of the
soil is around 40-60%, and in swampy and glazed soils it is around 27%. Porosity
depends on the specific and volume weight of the soil. Earth in the composition, which
makes up the liquid part of the soil in the pits.
The air permeability of the soil is the right proportional size to the amount of air
in it, and depends on the structure, structure and water resistance of the soil.The specific
mass of the soil is determined by the ratio of the weight of a certain volume of soil
solid to the weight of water of the same volume obtained at 4°. T. the specific mass of
mineral parts depends on the mineralogical composition and the content of organic
substances in it (ranges from 2.50— 2.80 g/cm3). The density of intact soil is said to
be the weight of 1 cm3 soil weight in its natural state per gram, and is determined by
the porosity of the soil and the average density of the solid phase. The chemical
composition, physicochemical, physicochemical and other properties of the soil that
determine the level of fertility depend to some extent on the nature and composition of
the absorbing complex in it. Depending on the characteristics of this absorbent complex
of the soil, measures for improving the land are prescribed.
The living component of the soil is soil microorganisms (see microflora), many
groups of invertebrates — from representatives of the simplest animals, earthworms,
molluscs, insects, and Earth-carving vertebrates (hummingbirds, mice, rats),
etc.k.formed from dan.
Based on the circulation and resettlement of substances in nature, soil
morphology, composition and properties change along the profile from top to bottom
according to a certain law and are manifested in the alternation of soil horizons.
Therefore, the improper use of soil cover, which is one of the factors that make up a
person's living environment without knowing these processes, leads to soil erosion, its
salinity and waterlogging. Agriculture to reduce soil pollution.at the rules for the use
of pesticides are introduced.
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