THEORETICAL ASPECTS IN THE FORMATION OF
PEDAGOGICAL SCIENCES
International scientific-online conference
173
ETYMOLOGY OF THE TERM APHORISM AND THEORETICAL
CONSIDERATIONS ON THE PROBLEM
Abulova Zilola Azimovna
Bukhara State University,
Associate Professor of Interfaculty
Department of Foreign Languages
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14039755
Abstract:
In this article, the etymology of the term aphorism and the
theoretical views on the issue are deeply analyzed. The first use of this term in
science, aphorisms on various topics and their importance in our life are
covered.
Keywords:
aphorism, Heraclitus, John Gross, axiom, Oxford Book of
Aphorisms
Abstract:
In this article, the etymology of the term aphorism and the
theoretical views on the issue are analyzed in depth. The first use of this term in
science, aphorisms on various topics and their importance in our life are
highlighted.
Key words
: aphorism, Heraclitus, John Gross, axiom, Oxford Book of
Aphorisms
Annotation
: V dannoy state podzlo analiziruetsya etymologiya termina
aforizm i teoreticheskie vzglyady na problemu. The enlightened first cases of the
use of this term in science, aphorisms and different themes and ix meanings and
nashey jizni.
Key words
: aphorism, Heraclitus, John Gross, axiom, Oxford book
aphorism.
Aphorism ( Latin " aphorismus " and from the Greek words " aphorismós " - "
aphorism ós " . come out ) is this short , sharp and sure expressed thought or
vital wisdom , often complicated ideas in lo and impressive way represents The
term was first used by the Greek philosopher Heraclitus of Ephesus (given as
Hippocrates on Wikipedia). Heraclitus used it for his short and vivid reflections
on philosophical and natural phenomena .
Aphorisms can be on various topics, such as philosophy, politics, social issues,
the nature of humanity, etc. They are distinguished by their brevity and depth,
often allowing complex ideas to be expressed in a simple and understandable
way.
Etymologically, the Greek word "aphorismós" means "to define", "to mark" or "to
distinguish". This term was originally used in medicine to define and describe
THEORETICAL ASPECTS IN THE FORMATION OF
PEDAGOGICAL SCIENCES
International scientific-online conference
174
diseases. Later, the term came to be used more broadly to mean any short, clear,
and self-explanatory thought or reasoning.
When studying axioms in various sources, it is possible to observe the
explanations given to aphorisms and their division into certain types. For
example, in D. Kuronov's "Literary Dictionary" the aphorism is written as
follows.
"APHORISM (Greek: aphorismos - definition, concise expression) - a general
thought expressed in a concise form and effectively expressed by a known
author. There are different definitions of aphorisms. In some sources, aphorisms
must have a specific author, and this is said to be the main aspect that
distinguishes them from proverbs, while in others this condition is not imposed.
Aphorisms are different in terms of their appearance, and in some cases
aphorisms are specially created, in which case it can be considered literally a
genre. After all, in this case, it is a phenomenon of form that allows to express a
generalized opinion on any issue based on the life experience of the creator.
A modern English collector of aphorisms, a well-known scientist John Gross
(John Gross) in his anthology "Oxford Book of Aphorisms" writes about the
etymology of aphorism as follows.
"The earliest aphorisms, at least those bearing this name, were a collection of
short medical teachings and sayings of Hippocrates. The term was re-circulated
during the Renaissance, and, as originally, the word was used in the field of exact
sciences.
Originally, semantically, the term "aphorism" corresponded to the word axiom -
a truth that does not require proof - used in today's exact sciences. Because its
old explanation is defined as Oxford " concise statement of a principle " ("a short
explanation of a principle in any field of science") . An axiom is usually a short,
clear, and fact-based statement or opinion. Axioms can be observed in
mathematics, physics and other scientific fields .
By the early 18th century, the physician and teacher Richard Blackmore
described the Hippocratic aphorisms as nothing more than a "joke book" but a
book of worldly wisdom and manners. This blunder allowed Johnson to make a
brief account of Blackmore's scientific knowledge in Lives of the Poets.
Aphorisms are usually more subversive. In fact, they often aim to be disruptive.
One should think about the labels that most of them saw the light for the first
time - observations, reflections, "discoveries", "separate thoughts". Others began
life in fragments, such as notebook notes or random perceptions.
THEORETICAL ASPECTS IN THE FORMATION OF
PEDAGOGICAL SCIENCES
International scientific-online conference
175
We can all agree that the most obvious characteristic of an aphorism, apart from
its brevity, is that it is a generalization. It describes certain recurring aspects of
life expressed in terms that should be constant and universally applicable. But
the same can be said about proverbs, and aphorisms, unlike proverbs, have
authors. A third distinguishing feature of an aphorism is that it is, in fact, a form
of literature, and often a form that is unique or self-conscious. It bears the stamp
and style of the mind that created it, its message universal but hardly personal; it
may contain strong enough turns of thought to retain its force in translation, but
it is the thin or concentrated expression of the phrase that can sometimes
approach poetry to its full effect on verbal art. depending on perfection. At the
same time, it should be added that brevity is not the highest stylistic quality in
an aphorism, and the best examples are not always the shortest. A good
aphorism is here also different from a proverb that should slide.
The aphorism, finally, should appear on its own. It's what Johnson describes as a
"no-strings-attached" proposition. Nevertheless, in practice, many aphorisms
are retorts and ripostes aimed at proponents of established viewpoints or
shallow morals. Sometimes the aphorism itself seems to lend itself to a
fascinating view of human nature. Trying to distance himself from nonsense, the
aphorist is drawn towards a disturbing paradox. Forced to deal with his wits in a
narrow compass, he revels in absurdity.
References:
1. Oxford Book of Aphorisms . John Gross, the editor. Oxford University Press,
1987. – 383 p.
2. Oxford Book of Aphorisms . John Gross, the editor. Oxford University Press,
1987. - P. VII.
3. https://uz.warbletoncouncil.org/aphorismo-1035
4.Razokovna O. M. WAYS OF CHOOSING VOCABULARY IN ONLINE MUSIC AND
DANCE TERMS DICTIONARIES //Innovative Society: Problems, Analysis and
Development Prospects (Spain). – 2023. – С. 10-13
