THEORETICAL ASPECTS IN THE FORMATION OF
PEDAGOGICAL SCIENCES
International scientific-online conference
123
SPECIFIC CHARACTERISTICS OF TRANSLATION OF REALIA
Umarxonova Guliruxsor Murotxon qizi
Termez University of Economics and Service
Department of Foreign Language and Literature
2nd-year Master Student
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14862700
Abstract:
This article discusses the unique features of translating realias
and their significance in linguistics. Additionally, it presents reflections on the
importance of realias in the translation process and explores different methods
for translating realias.
Key words:
Realia, translation studies, semantics, transliteration,
additional explanations.
Translation serves the interests of expanding economic, political, scientific,
and cultural relations between nations. It is regarded as one of the most
essential forms of intercultural communication.
Essentially, translation means accurately and fully expressing previously
conveyed information in one language using another language [1].
S.G. Ter-Minasova notes that “…the contradictions in mentalities become
even more apparent when translated into a foreign language. This is because
every language reflects the culture and mentality of its speakers. Information
that sounds natural in the native language may take on an entirely different form
in a foreign language” [2].
The emergence of a word as a realia is primarily linked to the region,
country, nation, or ethnic group that created it. However, realias can gain
significance in a particular culture and spread beyond national borders,
sometimes even globally. According to the renowned translation studies scholar
V.M. Rossels, “realia are words that enter the target language from the source
language and refer to specific national, local objects, or concepts” [3].
Realias play a crucial role in translation studies, comparative linguistics,
cultural studies, and ethnolinguistics by helping researchers examine linguistic
and cultural differences. They also reflect the level of cultural interaction and
encapsulate concepts related to a nation’s way of life. Realia are notions shaped
throughout human civilization and correspond to historical periods when
cultural distinctions became more pronounced. The key feature that
distinguishes realia from other related concepts is their material significance-
realia always refer to concrete objects. The original meaning of “realia” pertains
THEORETICAL ASPECTS IN THE FORMATION OF
PEDAGOGICAL SCIENCES
International scientific-online conference
124
to objects that represent the unique characteristics of a culture. The etymology
of the word “realia” itself is rooted in the Latin term meaning “material”.
During translation, the methods of rendering realia focus on reconstructing
lexical semantics in another language. Various techniques are used for this
purpose, one of which is transliteration. Transliteration helps maintain the
national and cultural essence of the original word. For example: ҳужра – hujra,
гузар– guzar, қуроқ– kurok, тиллақош – tillakosh
However, transliteration is not always sufficient to convey the full meaning
of realia. To reflect the pragmatic meaning of realia from the source language,
additional explanations are often necessary. For instance:
“
Katlama (flat cakes
) are popular in many regions of Uzbekistan, but only
Andijan bakers are capable of making them so large and fluffy.”
Realia add a unique cultural and emotional depth to literary texts. Their
translation requires not only linguistic knowledge but also an understanding of
cultural aspects.
Based on the above points, it can be concluded that an effective translation
of Uzbek realia into English requires a combination of transliteration,
translation, and explanatory methods. If these techniques are used
appropriately, the artistic style of the translated text will be accurately
conveyed.
References:
1. Fedorov A.V. Fundamentals of the General Theory of Translation. 4th edition.
Moscow: Vyssh. shk., 1983, p. 36.
2. Ter-Minasova S.G. Language and Intercultural Communication. Moscow:
Slovo/Slovo, 2004, p. 265.
3. Rossels V.M. Relay of Words: The Art of Literary Translation. Moscow: Znanie,
1972, p. 32.
4. Vlakhov S., Florin S. Untranslatable in Translation. Third edition, corrected.
Moscow: Valent, 2006.
