INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 02,2025
Journal:
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IMPACT OF COVID -19 ON THE COURSE OF TUBERCULOSIS IN CHILDREN AND
ADOLESCENTS
Sadiqxodjayev S.Sh. Aliyev E.N., Tojiboyev D.I.,
Tashaliyev Sh.B. Kosimov S.S.
Fergana regional phthisiatry and pulmonology center
Abstract:
The Republic of Uzbekistan, like many countries in the world, has experienced several
waves of coronavirus outbreaks. Since no country in the world had experience in combating this
infection, medicine faced great difficulties.
Key words:
GeneXpert Rif, Tuberculosis, bacterial excretion, MDR tuberculosis, ELISA.
INTRODUCTION
The anti-tuberculosis service suffered no less than others, many specialized hospitals were
profiled for COVID infection. All attention was switched to providing assistance to patients with
COVID, which led to a significant decrease in the number of detected tuberculosis patients. In
the following months, as the infection decreased, an increase in tuberculosis cases began to be
noted among people who had had COVID infection. The lack of guidelines and other documents
on the management and observation of patients after COVID, a long-term persistent cough led to
the fact that under the guise of a protracted post-COVID condition or a condition after COVID
pneumonia, an increase in cough, weakness, malaise and other symptoms that were associated
with the onset of tuberculosis were assessed and associated with a post-COVID condition [1].
To identify the impact of COVID-19 in children and adolescents on the occurrence and course of
active tuberculosis. The study included 68 children and adolescents who had contact with close
relatives sick with coronavirus infection.
RESULTS
Tuberculosis after COVID was observed 2 times more often in male patients - 15 (versus 7);
residents of rural areas prevailed - 15 patients. By age, the observed children and adolescents
were distributed as follows: from 1 year to 6 years old - 4 patients; 7-12 years old - 7 patients;
13-17 years old - 11 patients. In 21 patients, tuberculosis was detected for the first time, in 1
there was a relapse of the disease [2].
Distribution of patients by clinical forms of tuberculosis
Clinical forms
quantity
The presence of
decay
bacterial excretion
Extrapulmonary tuberculosis
4
Primary tuberculosis
complex
4
2
2
Tuberculosis of the intrathoracic
lymph nodes
9
Infiltrative tuberculosis
5
5
5
Total
22
7 (31.8%)
7 (31.8%)
Extrapulmonary tuberculosis - 4 cases: tuberculosis of the skin - 1 patient; pleurisy - was
detected in 2 patients and in one patient tuberculosis of the peripheral lymph nodes. Primary
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 02,2025
Journal:
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tuberculosis complex - was established in 4 patients, of which 2 had radiologically established
disintegration of the lung parenchyma in them GeneXpert Rif established bacterial excretion
with preserved sensitivity. Tuberculosis of the intrathoracic lymph nodes was detected in 9 (and
5 of them had lesions of the peripheral lymph nodes) A 12-year-old child had contact with a
mother sick with MDR tuberculosis, received preventive treatment in a sanatorium, had contact
with a patient with covid, no clinical symptoms were observed, after 3 months the condition
began to worsen, the temperature rose, sore throat appeared, and then a cough joined, an X-ray
examination revealed tuberculosis of the intrathoracic lymph nodes.
positive in 16, and hyperergic in 4 ; All patients were given the Diaskintest in parallel with the
Mantoux test, a negative result was observed in 1 teenager with infiltrative tuberculosis with the
breakdown of BK+ with a severe course of the process, and in 9 the Diaskintest gave a
hyperergic reaction [3].
Infiltrative tuberculosis was observed in adolescents; decay and bacterial excretion were detected
in all of them.
The average size of the BCG scar was 5.8 mm, and in 3 patients the scar was absent; it was in
these patients that primary complex and infiltrative tuberculosis with decay were observed[4].
Of the patients examined, only 1 patient, aged 16, was treated for COVID in hospital for a week.
She was discharged with an improvement in her condition. After 5 months, she was diagnosed
with infiltrative tuberculosis with the breakdown of BK+.
The conducted analysis of literary sources revealed a fact confirming the high contagiousness
covid in children and adolescents, however, most often it proceeds mildly, in most patients in
combination with tuberculosis without aggravating each other [2,3,4 ]. In our observation: 21
patients were not treated for covid, but all noted contact with patients with established covid. An
ELISA study for the presence of immunoglobulins in all 22 patients revealed: immunoglobulin
class Ig M was negative. Ig G was positive.
Analysis of the timing of tuberculosis development after a previous COVID infection revealed
that only one 3-year-old child who had contact with a grandfather with MDR tuberculosis had
both diseases diagnosed simultaneously. Two months after contact with COVID, in 8 patients.
After 3-4 months, tuberculosis was diagnosed in 8 patients, 5-6 months - 4 patients, and a year
later - in 2 [5]. In children and adolescents who fell ill after 5 months or more, the following
forms of tuberculosis were observed: infiltrative with decay in 2, tuberculosis of the intrathoracic
lymph nodes in combination with tuberculosis of the peripheral lymph nodes in 3.
5 children had contact with relatives sick with tuberculosis: 3 from the focus of drug-resistant
tuberculosis and 2 from the focus of preserved sensitivity to drugs. Contact 3 had contact with
the father, 1 with the grandfather, 1 with the mother.
Thus, the longer it takes after contact with a patient with COVID, the erased clinic leads
to the development of severe forms of tuberculosis, which requires general practitioners and
pediatricians to be alert to the possible development of tuberculosis in children and adolescents
with concomitant diseases, when the condition worsens and the cough becomes protracted.
The onset of tuberculosis in most patients was characterized by the appearance of a sore throat,
then fever, weakness, malaise, cough appeared 2-3 weeks after the onset of the disease. 17
patients contacted the clinic about the above complaints, they were tested for covid, then an X-
ray examination, after which they were sent to phthisiatric centers. 5 patients who had contact
with tuberculosis patients for covid were examined in anti-tuberculosis institutions due to
deterioration of their condition.
CONCLUSION
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 02,2025
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Children without bacterial excretion or with preserved sensitivity to drugs were treated according
to standard regimens; 3 patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis were included in a short-term 9-
month course of treatment with the inclusion of: levofloxacin, cycloserine clofazamine, linezolid
and delamanid according to the patient's weight.
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