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IMPROVING THE SEPARATION OF FIBER FROM THE SAW WITH
THE HELP OF A BRUSHED DRUM IN A SAWING MACHINE
Azizbek Rakhimjonov
Assistant, Department of Natural Fibres, Fergana Polytechnic Institute, Fergana,
Uzbekistan
Barno Asrakulova
Student, Fergana Polytechnic Institute, Fergana, Uzbekistan
Abstract
In the saw gin machine, which is the heart of the cotton gin, the working
efficiency of the gin increased by improving the separation of fiber from the saw
teeth using a brush drum.
Keywords:
Saw, genie, machine, cotton, technique, product, fiber, air
chamber, construction.
Introduction
Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated January 21, 2022
"On measures to promote deep processing and production of finished products with
high added value in textile and sewing and knitting enterprises and their export" and
January 16, 2021 decrees of November "On measures to regulate the activities of
cotton-textile clusters" and PF-2 dated January 13, 2023 "Supporting the activities
of cotton-textile clusters, textile and sewing - Decree of the Cabinet of Ministers
dated August 30, 2022 "On measures to fundamentally reform the knitting industry
and further increase the export potential of the industry" This dissertation research
is aimed at the implementation of the tasks defined in the decision on changes and
additions aimed at creating favorable conditions for state support and increasing
their interest and other regulatory legal documents related to this activity. serves at
a certain level [3-7].
Saw gin is the main technological machine of the cotton ginning enterprise,
and its task is to separate the cotton fiber from the seed. Seeded cotton is dried to the
condition of moisture in drying-cleaning and cleaning shops and after it is cleaned
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of impurities, it is sent to the main building of the enterprise for ginning (separation
of fiber). Until now in ginning of cotton with medium fiber seeds at cotton ginning
enterprises; 4DP-130, 5DP-130, DPZ chainsaw machines are being used.
Improving the process of air-assisted fiber separation.
Installation of a new
device for removing fiber from saw teeth. In modern sawmills, mainly air-blasting
devices are used to separate the fiber from the saw. The main technological
parameters of these devices are defined as follows:
;
S
l
f
;
2
2
g
V
H
х
д
V
v
R
d
E
XB
д
gH
V
2
)
(
t
T
H
V
cm
where: – dynamic air pressure;
- specific gravity (density) of air;
V- speed of air;
g-free fall acceleration;
Q-air consumption;
f- cross-sectional surface of the air injection slot;
l and S-air spray slot cross-sectional dimensions;
Re=5*105- Reynolds number;
T=2730 K- the temperature of the air at 0 C on the Kelvin scale;
t-air temperature on the Celsius scale;
α-air uneven distribution coefficient α-0.96;
Hcm- atmospheric pressure, 760 mm Hg column.
v-the coefficient of air viscosity is 171.9*10-3 cm2/sec.
Demons equipped with a device for air supply from above work with a static
pressure of 200 mm.water column (2000 Pa), when the width of the slot is 5 mm,
the speed of air exit from it is 57.2 m/s.
The power required to remove the fiber from the saw tooth is 0.069 kW, or
7.8% of the active air power. An air blower can also be said to draw and collect air
from between saw blades.
Requirements for air-spraying fiber removal devices:
;
2
X
д
gH
af
fV
Q
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a) The slot for air injection should be placed in relation to the saw in such a
way that the gap between its air-releasing circle and the saw is equal to 3 mm. The
maximum gap between them should be equal to the maximum air direction on the
surface of the saws.
b) It is necessary to reduce the air gap to 4-5 mm.
Diameter of the circle of the air deflector:
d=Re.v/Ve;
where: Re=2.105-5.105- Reynolds number;
v - kinematic coefficient of elasticity of air;
velocity of air exiting the nozzle slot.
Cotton from the PD suppliers is lowered into the working chamber through
the conveyors, where it is affected by the teeth of the saw cylinder and forms a roll
of raw material. The teeth of the saw cylinder hook the cotton fibers in the raw
material shaft, bring them between the colosniks and pull them from the surface of
the seed. The fibers from the saw teeth are separated by the air flow coming out of
the nozzle at a speed of 55-65 m/s and transferred to the fiber cleaning machine
through the common fiber pipe [7-10]. The width of the slits in the working part of
the colosniks is 3.2 mm. is not larger than , the seed cannot pass, the spinning seed
joins the cotton roll and continues to rotate until all the fibers are separated. The
seeds separated from the total fibers lose their ability to work, separate from the seed
fiber shaft and fall to the surface of the colostrum and down through it. Table 3.2.1
shows the static pressure in the air chamber of the gins and the air consumption for
removing the fiber from the saw teeth.
Indicators
DP-130
4DP-130
5DP-130
Static pressure in the air chamber, mm. water above
180-200
380
220
Air consumption for fiber extraction, m'/s
0.6-0.8
up to 0.8
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up to 0.8
Static air pressure in the short pipe connecting the fiber cleaner, mm. water
above
0.5
0.5
0.5
Air consumption for waste transportation, m3
0.2-0.3
0.2-0.3
0.2-0.3
As can be seen from the table, the air speed (50-65 m/s) is 4-5 times greater
than the rotational speed of the saw cylinder (12 m/s), the air consumption is 0.8 per
second, and the consumption is 2880 m3 per hour. As a result, the electric energy
consumption is 5-6 kW/h for one fan, 10-12 kW for 2 fans, and it increases to 22-30
kW/h as a result of the efficiency of the electric motor and fan and the fact that the
hermeticity is not well maintained. we can.
Without deviating from the initial idea, the following technical solution was
developed in consultation with qualified specialists in order to reduce air and energy
consumption when removing fiber from saw teeth. This solution is based on closing
a part of the air injection slot while maintaining other parameters, which is done by
installing a rubber stopper of a certain width at the corresponding distance between
the saws.
The scheme of the developed defibering device is presented in Fig. 1. In the
new device, a steel plate bent in the form of an arc is fixed to the upper wall of the
air nozzle so that it corresponds to the middle of the distance between the saws. A
rubber plate with a thickness of about 2 mm is attached to its back surface, and a
rubber band with a thickness equal to the width of the air injection slit is attached to
its front surface. As a result, part of the slot is closed and air is sprayed only between
the rubber plugs. The distance between the plugs depends on its width, and it was
decided to determine it experimentally.
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Figure 1. 3D view of a device that removes cotton fiber from saw teeth using a
brush drum.
Another operational issue has been resolved on this device. Its essence lies in
the fact that it is difficult to change the size of the air-spraying slot in fiber stripping
devices and to ensure the required accuracy. To solve this problem, a center cylinder
was installed instead of a guide brush installed at the bottom of the slot. To change
the slot size, use this cylinder
Figure 2. A view of a device that removes cotton fiber from saw teeth using a
brush drum with a saw cylinder.
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It is rotated around the eccentric axis, and when a slot of the required size is
provided, it is fixed to the side wall with a threaded connection by means of a
washer-fixer.
Figure 3. A view of a device that removes cotton fiber from saw teeth using a
brush drum with a saw cylinder
The rubber plate on the back acts as a barrier between the saws and prevents
air or fiber from passing between and under the saws. Therefore, its width is close
to the distance between saws-16 It is desirable to be around mm. The starting and
ending part of this plate is the zone where the teeth of the saw pass. Then, this plate
cannot block the passage of the fiber. Also, in the case of ejection, air is absorbed
from the outside, mainly from the place where the saw teeth pass, and this also
facilitates the removal of the fiber from the saw teeth. Also, arc-shaped plates create
a protected corridor for the movement of air and fibers between saws, and the
mixture of fibers and air is forced to move along this corridor. The use of the new
defibering device significantly reduces the process air and energy consumption and
ensures complete and guaranteed removal of the fiber from the saw teeth.
Cost-effectiveness calculation from the introduction of a new device
The selling price of the fiber in the basic and introduced options depends on
the amount of defects and impurity in it. According to UzDSt 604:2016, it is divided
into five classes depending on the amount of defects and impurities in the fiber. The
difference between classes is from 0.5% to 3.5%.
“JOURNAL OF SCIENCE-INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN
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According to the obtained data, the amount of defects and impurities in the
fiber after gin is reduced by 0.5%. For the base, we accept ordinary first grade first
grade fiber. When we reduce the amount of defects and impurity in the fiber accepted
by us by 0.5% and the difference between normal and medium grade is 1.0%, in the
implemented option, 50% of the fiber will raise its grade and its average value from
6781940 soums
6814545
5
,
0
6847150
5
,
0
6781940
will increase to soums.
The analyzed cotton gin produces 2913 tons of fiber per year. Its basic and
current price is as follows:
19755791,2
6781940
2913
1
т
С
thousand soums,
19850769,6
6814545
2913
2
т
С
thousand soums.
We pour the received account information into the economic efficiency
calculation formula;
That
is,
the
annual
economic
benefit
from
the
introduct
сўм
минг
Ст
Ст
А
К
Е
С
К
Е
С
Э
н
н
90563,3
19755791,2
-
19850769,6
1
103180
15
,
0
78456,28
96580
15
,
0
75031,17
1
2
2
2
1
1
ion of a sawed gin straightener in a two-gin battery is 90563.3 thousand soums, or
45281.6 thousand soums per year for one gin, or 31089 soums per 1 ton of fiber
produced (for 2017 calculated).
The prices of fiber produced using the basic and introduced equipment for an
enterprise producing 9,246 tons of fiber per year are as follows:
260
,
39159676
'
0
3915967626
4235310
9246
1
m
so
Ц
thousand soums
86
43075643,8
m
so'
6
4307564388
4658841
9246
2
Ц
thousand soums
Conclusion
In conclusion, in order to reduce the energy consumption in the extraction of
cotton fiber from saw teeth, the part of using a brush drum in the process of ginning
and extracting fiber from saw teeth was developed and the advantage of this work
was presented in accounting works.
“JOURNAL OF SCIENCE-INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN
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