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IMPROVEMENT OF THE COLONIZED WINDOW OF UXK TYPE
COTTON CLEANING EQUIPMENT FROM SMALL AND LARGE
POLLUTION
Azizbek Rakhimjonov
Assistant, Department of Natural Fibres, Fergana Polytechnic Institute, Fergana,
Uzbekistan
Niginabonu Muhammadaliyeva
Student, Fergana Polytechnic Institute, Fergana, Uzbekistan
Abstract
The colosnik grid of uxk cleaning line was improved and the cleaning
efficiency was increased, which economically benefited the cotton ginning plant.
Keywords:
cleaning, drum, pile, UXK section, impurities
Introduction
In order to support the development of the modern cotton-textile cluster by
the state, equipment, special vehicles and equipment, animals and plants, veterinary
drugs, raw materials and materials, which are not produced in Uzbekistan, are
imported for the needs of this cluster. construction goods and greenhouse complexes
were exempted from customs duties until January 1, 2023.
In accordance with the President's decision, farms in the purchase of
agricultural machinery on lease, mineral fertilizers, seeds, fuels, lubricants, chemical
plant protection agents and other material resources. the conditions and procedures
provided for were introduced. In the process of separating seeded cotton fiber from
the seed, so that dirt and foreign impurities do not affect the quality of the fiber, they
are separated in the cleaning equipment installed in the drying-cleaning and cleaning
departments. During the ripening period of cotton bolls, leaves and twigs begin to
dry, become brittle, break easily and get stuck in the opened cotton and pollute it.
The degree of contamination of seed cotton when picking cotton by hand depends
mainly on the attention of the picker, and when picking with a machine, it depends
on timely and high-quality defoliation of cotton leaves. Compounds found in seed
cotton can be organic and mineral compounds in terms of origin. Organic bodies
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include parts of the cotton bush - leaves, branches, corms, flower petals, fruit
bunches and other plant parts (gumai and other weeds). Mineral additives include
stones, sand, soil, cuttings, etc. The impurities in seed cotton are conditionally
divided into two groups in terms of size. The size of the small mixture group is 10
mm. less than 10 mm in size to the group of large mixtures. includes additions larger
than Dirty compounds are divided into empty or inert and active types in terms of
their adhesion to seed cotton. The loose or inert compounds are on the surface of the
seeded cotton balls and are easily separated from the seeded cotton by shaking
lightly. Active compounds are difficult to separate from seeded cotton. To separate
the active compounds from seed cotton, they must first be made passive. Therefore,
when choosing cotton ginning equipment, it is necessary to take into account the
nature of the compounds and how they adhere to the seed cotton.
UXK cleaning equipment information
At present, in the drying and cleaning departments of cotton ginning
enterprises, "flow direction" (potochnaya liniya) equipment complexes are used, and
they are the only convenient and modern technology for cleaning seed cotton from
impurities. In fact, the complex of "flow-oriented" equipment consists of several
sections of the "UXK" type, and there is no need to use auxiliary means:
transportation, transfer and collection of raw materials, and transport. Therefore, it
reduces the types of forces that negatively affect the physical and technological
properties of seed cotton. This, in turn, makes it possible to maintain the quality of
the fiber, which is the main product of the cotton ginning enterprise, and to reduce
the injury or crushing of the seed. UXK aggregate sections can be of three types:
UXK.01-initial section, UXK.02-middle section, UXK.03-last section.
They differ from each other: in the UXK.01 section, supply rollers are
installed, while in the UXK.03 section, a closed bar is installed at the place where
the cleaned cotton comes out of the machine.
Section UXK.02 is adapted to connect additional sections from both sides, and
the number of sections in the unit can be increased or decreased due to this middle
section. The number of sections in the unit is increased to 6-7 when cleaning selected
varieties of cotton that are difficult to clean.
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Fig. 1 - General view of UXK cleaning equipment
Improved part
The cotton gin industry appeared along with the cotton industry, that is, during
the archaeological excavations and the inspection of old records, information was
obtained that cotton fiber has been used since ancient times in the territory of
present-day Uzbekistan. For example: first, the cotton fiber is separated from the
seed by hand, then the yarn is spun into white cloth, and then the cotton fiber is
separated from the seed using hand snips (a wooden device) and water snips. there
is information about
UXK The cotton transferred from the securing rollers is fed to the pile drum
by means of the 500 rotation frequency, and the working process is as follows. The
pile drum, in turn, moves the seeded cotton over the mesh surface and transfers it to
the second drum. In this way, seeded cotton is cleaned in drums and separated from
small impurities. The keine falls into a saw drum to remove large impurities. As a
result of the saw teeth, the seeded cotton is hung in one direction with the help of a
brightening brush, and the impurities are separated from it. A drum with a brush is
installed to separate the seeded cotton from the saw teeth. In the regeneration section,
the seeded cottons that have become contaminated are cleaned of impurities,
separated from the saw teeth using a brush drum, and transferred to the next process.
Separated impurities are taken out with the help of an auger and vacuumed with
pneumatic transport. Cleaned seeded cotton is removed from the equipment and sent
to the next technological process, that is, for ginning.
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Figure 2. The state of installation of locking devices after the securing roller.
Technological indicators of cleaning machines
One of the main technological indicators is productivity, which is determined
in different ways depending on the structure of the machine.
I) Work efficiency for piled drum cleaning machine is determined using the
following formula;
P=3,6*1/T*l
i
*F*
*
*
T= l
i
/V
o‘r
- the average time the cotton stays in the cleaner.
L
p
- the way to walk the cotton in the cleaner.
V
o‘r
- average speed of cotton.
l
i
- working length of cleaning drum.
F- midel surface of the cotton in the cleaning zone.
- density of cotton in the cleaning zone.
- mesh surface utilization coefficient.
=0,25-0,36
- cleaning machine utilization factor.
II) The performance of the auger cleaning machine is determined as follows:
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coefficient of filling the working volume with cotton.
0,5-0,55.
Here, the diameter of the D-screw combined with the height of the peg.
d-screw shaft diameter.
The number of revolutions of the nth screw in 1 minute.
S-screw pitch.
Economic department
We, in the economic department of the organization, have calculated the
productivity of the UXK equipment currently in use at the cotton ginning enterprise,
improved its related shovels, and given economic relief to increase work efficiency.
Depending on the improvement of cotton quality indicators, skidka and
nakidka are determined in the amount of 0.5% depending on the types of fiber.
For example, the average static size of the sum of defects and impurities is
4.2%; in theoretical analysis, the sum of dirt and fiber defects decreases by 1.8% on
average, and by 0.8% in the existing drum used in the current technological
process.
The impurity of the fiber is as follows;
Z
v
= 4,2-0,4 = 4,16%
According to the working standard, the average value of contamination for
all varieties is Z_v=3.14%.
The total number of defects in the currently used drum option is as follows:
Z
n
=
Z
s
-
Z
vn
= 3,14-4,20 = -1,06%
In the proposed drum option
Z
n
=
Z
s
–
Z
vn
= 3,14-4,16 = -1,02%
In the current version, we determine the skid that is formed as a result of a
decrease in the sum of defects:
C
2
▪3C ▪ 0,5
0,53%
In the proposed option:
C
n
▪ 3 ▪ N ▪ 0,5
0,51%
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The amount of the discount is as follows:
T▪
S
c
=
T C
v
▪ C
c
100
= 8972,98
T ▪
S
c
▪ n =
T ▪ S
v
C
n
100
= 863438
Here: S_v is the average price of cotton fiber of all types
T ▪ S ▪ V
1693016 sum
The cost of cotton fiber is:
T ▪ S ▪ V
T ▪ S ▪ C
T ▪ S ▪ V
T ▪
S
v
= T ▪
C
c
– T ▪
S
v
= 1684043,02 sum
T ▪
S
n
= T ▪
S
c
– T ▪
S
v
= 1684381,62 sum
Sum We determine the economic efficiency resulting from the reduction of
pollution with the following expression:
E
1
= (T ▪
S
v
-
S
s
) ▪ V
Here; Annual volume of fiber produced at V-medium power one-battery
cotton ginning plant
V=10000 tons
E
1
(T ▪
S
v
- T ▪
S
c
V) = 3386000 sum
Calculating economic efficiency from fiber loss reduction. Cotton in the
current cotton dryer operation
In the current version, the price of lost fiber in 2023 y varieties:
TS1s=TSs1*TS1v=5077564,4 sum
T ▪
S
2
=
P
2
▪ T ▪
S
2
= 20315319 sum
In the proposed option:
T ▪
S
1
▪ n=P ▪
n
1
▪ T ▪
S
1
▪ v = 2465981,4 sum
T ▪
S
2
▪ n=P ▪
n
2
▪ T ▪
S
2
▪ v = 6005547,4 sum
Economic efficiency from reducing fiber loss is as follows.
E
2
= (T ▪
S
1
▪ s + T ▪
S
2
▪ s) - (T ▪
S
1
▪ n + T ▪
S
2
▪
n) = 8821418 sum
The economic efficiency from the introduction of research and development
work into production consists of the sum of the effect obtained from improving the
quality indicators of cotton (E1), the effect obtained from reducing the loss of fiber
(E2).
E
E
1
E
2
3386000
7821418
57207418 sum
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Conclusions
The carried out scientific research showed that the colosnic grid of the UXK
cleaning equipment is not sufficiently improved, therefore, the cleaning efficiency
is insufficient. Therefore, the cleaning efficiency has increased in the given offer and
has had its effect on the quality of cotton.
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