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MECHANISMS OF RHYTHM DISTURBANCES, MODERN INTERPRETATION OF
ETIOLOGY OF ARRHYTHMIA
Turayev Hikmatillo Negmatovich
Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Samarkand State Medical University.
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13988173
Research relevance:
Arrhythmia is a pathological condition in which the heart rate,
rhythm and sequence of heart contractions are disturbed. This is the general name of pathology,
which is characterized by any deviation from the normal state of the heart. There are several types
of arrhythmia, each of which has its own symptoms and causes. Let's take a closer look at what
arrhythmia is, how it manifests itself, how many types there are, and how to treat them.
Doctors call the pulse a mirror of the state of the cardiovascular system. Depending on its
condition, heart problems can be determined regardless of whether it is faster or, on the contrary,
slower. Pulse is a rhythmic vibration of the heart, this manifestation allows to determine the state
of the vascular system. When the rhythm changes, this condition is called arrhythmia.
Arrhythmia attacks can occur in both young and old age. Of course, adults are more prone
to heart problems, but even children suffer from arrhythmias. Pathology can be congenital or
acquired. The second type is more common.
Research materials:
The information in this section cannot be used for self-diagnosis and
self-treatment. In case of pain or other exacerbation of the disease, diagnostic tests should be
prescribed only by the attending physician. You should see your doctor for a diagnosis and to
prescribe the right treatment. In order to accurately evaluate the results of your analyzes over time,
it is preferable to conduct research in the same laboratory, because different laboratories may use
different research methods and units of measurement to conduct the same analysis.
Monitoring object and methods:
There are several types of arrhythmia. Specialists have
studied them in detail and individual treatment is selected for each type. Division occurs depending
on which part of the heart causes problems. There are 3 main types in total: sinus, ventricular,
atrial. They also differ in heart rate. The main types of arrhythmia:
Tachycardia. A condition where the pulse rate exceeds 80 beats. Seizures occur during
heavy physical exertion, which is considered normal. But if the div is calm and the heart rate is
high, this may indicate pathology.
Bradycardia. A type of arrhythmia in which the heart beats less than 60 times per minute.
It can appear when the patient feels well, but if the patient regularly feels bad, it indicates the
development of pathological processes.
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Paroxysmal disorders. This is a condition in which the pulse of a completely healthy person
increases dramatically, the heart begins to beat so hard that it is impossible to count the beats. As
a rule, their frequency reaches 200 beats per minute. This is a type of tachycardia that causes severe
weakness, general disorder and even loss of consciousness. In this case, immediate medical
attention is required, this is a very dangerous situation that can cause irreversible processes.
Extrasystole. It appears for no reason. Premature contractions are associated with a normal
heart rhythm. This attack is caused by vegetative-vascular dystonia, a high level of stress.
Atrial fibrillation of the heart. The most common type. An important phase of the heart
rhythm - due to the loss of atrial contraction, the muscle fibers stop working in sync. That's why
they flicker or "blink". The ventricles also begin to work in sync. It is one of the most common
heart diseases and occurs in men and women of almost any age.
If symptoms indicating the disease appear, you should immediately contact specialists for
help and start a course of recovery. Treatment of cardiac arrhythmia is simple if it is started on
time and all the requirements of specialists are followed. Otherwise, if the disease is not taken into
account, serious pathologies will develop, which will even lead to death.
Research results:
With cardiac arrhythmia, the state of health deteriorates significantly.
Shortness of breath, headache and other symptoms of arrhythmia appear. But they can pass
quickly enough, and the patient immediately forgets about the deterioration of his health.
However, this syndrome indicates that there is a malfunction in the div, if you do not
respond in time, the cardiovascular system can suffer great damage; Let's find out what the
consequences of frequent attacks are:
a)
anxiety and stress develop;
b)
the disease contributes to the formation of unconsciousness, there is a risk of falling;
c)
the div suffers from blood starvation, all organs suffer from heart disease;
d)
dangerous heart diseases develop, for example, coronary heart disease, etc.;
e)
there is a risk of stroke;
f)
sudden cardiac arrest and death are possible.
Regular pain and discomfort in the heart area may indicate the presence of the disease.
Arrhythmia symptoms are very obvious, but people rarely worry about their health after it
passes. You should not treat yourself like this, if you suspect problems, you should contact a
specialist and undergo an examination. With the help of diagnostics, you can easily identify heart
diseases and prescribe effective treatment. Take care of the main mechanism, if you provide help
in time, the disease will be cured quickly.
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Diagnosis of arrhythmia
Arrhythmia diagnosis allows for a detailed study of the patient's condition, to determine
the type of arrhythmia and to determine the most effective treatment methods. In order to
understand how to treat heart arrhythmia, the doctor must thoroughly examine the patient. The
following diagnostic methods are used for this:
a)
First, they conduct a general examination of the patient, he talks about attacks and
symptoms;
b)
electrocardiography of the heart is performed;
c)
ECG during physical activity;
d)
ECG monitoring during the day;
e)
An ultrasound examination of the heart is prescribed;
f)
biochemical analysis of blood, urine;
Hormonal tests are sometimes prescribed for cardiac arrhythmias.
After that, the doctor sees the general picture and can start treatment for arrhythmia. The
first task is to eliminate discomfort, then strengthen the vascular system.
It is quite possible to eliminate arrhythmia, but if it is not treated, it is a pathology that
causes side effects. Therefore, the earlier the procedures are started, the more effective they are.
Treatment is carried out by cardiologists, who prescribe a number of measures, including:
Use of sedative drugs. They are usually plant based. Motherwort, Corvalol, valerian
capsules, novopassit help well.
a)
Medicines that lower blood pressure.
b)
Beta-blockers, membrane stabilizers, potassium channel blockers.
c)
Useful vitamin complexes ("Riboxin", "Panangin", "Magne B6").
d)
Physiological treatments are determined depending on the patient's condition. This is a
swimming pool, physical therapy, certain activities.
Summary
: A special diet is observed during treatment. The doctor describes in detail
which foods should be excluded and, conversely, what should be added to the diet. For example,
fatty foods, pork and lard are excluded. You should be careful with tea, coffee and smoking. Foods
rich in potassium are included in the diet. These are dried fruits, honey, bananas, black currants. It
is also recommended to use parsley, raisins, apricots, and cabbage in your diet. Components rich
in calcium and magnesium are also included in the diet.
A set of measures to eliminate the disease includes establishing a water balance, giving up
alcohol and other bad habits. All this allows to stabilize the patient's condition. Of course, in most
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cases, arrhythmia is eliminated with the help of pharmacological drugs. It is also important to find
the main reason for its development.
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