SCIENCE AND INNOVATION IN THE
EDUCATION SYSTEM
International scientific-online conference
33
ANALYSIS OF THE RESEARCH CONTUCTED ON THE STUDY OF THE
SCIENTIFIC HERITAGE OF ABŪ BAKR AL-KĀSĀNĪ AND
IDENTIFICATION OF HIS STUDENTS
Qambarov A’zam Muxammadali o‘g‘li
International Islamic academy of Uzbekistan
Senior teacher of Islamic studies and study of
Islamic civilization ICESCO chair
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12697358
ABSTRACT
The opinions expressed in the article are formulated in accordance with
the requirements of the methodological principles and traditional methods of
the Ḥanafī faith. Opinions on social welfare are observed on the basis of modern
standards based on the book "Badā’i‘ al-ṣanā’i‘ fī tartīb al-sharā’i‘" written by the
jurist of Samarkand, Abū Bakr al-Kāsānī, and based on the jurisprudence rules
and legal arguments introduced in Central Asia in general, in particular in our
Republic.
Key words:
Badā’i‘, Ṣanā’i, Kāsān, farḍ, wajib, sunnah, evidence, ijmāʿ,
qiyās, asl, ʾUṣūl, furu', permissible, Islām, sharīʿah.
The study of the scientific heritage of Abū Bakr al-Kāsānī actually began
during his lifetime by copying, memorizing, interpreting and summarizing his
terminological meanings.
Abū Bakr al-Kāsānī's famous book "Badā’i‘ al-ṣanā’i‘ fī tartīb al-sharā’i‘" is
recognized as the most perfect and detailed work of the Hanafi sect and
recognized by representatives of other sects as a work with strong evidence. The
main advantage of the work is that the author is one of the first to sort and
classify the issues of Islamic law, i.e. Sharia. After all, the author said in the
preface of his work that the main purpose of writing it was to fill this need in
Islamic jurisprudence. It was recognized by the scholars that the author has
achieved his goal to an excellent degree. For centuries, Abū Bakr ibn Mas'ud al-
Kāsānī's work " Badā’i‘ al-ṣanā’i‘" has been used as a primary source in the
Muslim world, especially within the Hanafi sect. Sources mention that the work
was taught as a textbook on fiqh in religious madrasahs. For example, Ahmad
Zarqa (1868-1938), a famous jurist who lived and worked at the beginning of
the 20th century, author of "Sharh Qawaid al-Fiqhiyya", proudly mentions in his
SCIENCE AND INNOVATION IN THE
EDUCATION SYSTEM
International scientific-online conference
34
biography that he read this source in full in the presence of his teachers and
received permission.
1
In his famous work "Kashfuz-zunun 'an asami-l-kutub", Haji Khalifa wrote a
great three-volume commentary on the book "Tuhfat al-fuqaho" of Imam Abū
Bakr ibn Mas'ud al-Kāsānī Hanafi teacher and called it " Badā’i‘ al-ṣanā’i‘ fī tartīb
al-sharā’i‘" (fine arts in ordering Sharia laws). In fact, the title of this book is
similar to the div.
Muhammad Amin ibn Umar ibn Abidin (d. 1252/1836), the last
representative of the Hanafi mujtahids, in his large work of ten volumes entitled
Hashiya radd al-mukhtar ala durr al-mukhtar, quoted a lot from Badā’i‘ and in
one place, Badā’i‘ is a peerless work among our (Hanafi) books. Its author is
Imam Abū Bakr ibn Mas'ud ibn Ahmed al-Kāsānī.
Shaykh Muhammad Sadiq Muhammad Yusuf also noted that " Badā’i‘ al-
ṣanā’i‘" is a great book that deserves the praise and praise of all scholars.
Oriental scholar V., who wrote many studies on the work " Badā’i‘'".
Madelung evaluates it as follows: "Alauddin al-Kāsānī's work "Badā’i‘ al-ṣanā’i‘ fī
tartīb al-sharā’i‘" is a systematic work on Hanafi jurisprudence, which is
recognized both among Muslim scholars and among Western scholars in our
time. In "Encyclopedia of Islam" this book is evaluated as "a masterpiece of high
quality". Among the sources of Islamic jurisprudence, Benazir is an example of
mastery. No book could reach his level (a master-piece of a quality which was
never reached subsequently in Hanafi legal literature)”
2
Evaluating the personal and scientific position of Abū Bakr al-Kāsānī,
Madelung says: "He was a man of sound faith, he followed a strict path, and in
his lectures he severely criticized sects such as the Mu'tazilites.”
3
Muhammad Ayyub Hamidov, Carl Brockelman, Otto Shpiz, Heffening, V.
Based on the opinions of Western scholars such as Madelung and Jochen Gentz
in their research on Abū Bakr al-Kāsānī's legacy, the scholar acknowledges that
Western scholars have made considerable progress in the study of al-Kāsānī's
legacy.
Since the creation of the work, Abu Abdullah Muhammad ibn Muhammad
ar-Radini al-Husaini wrote the only brief commentary on it in 925/1519 entitled
1
Shayx Аhmad ibn Shayx Muhammad Zarqo. Sharh qovaid al-fiqhiyya. – Damascus: Dor al-qalam, 2001.–
P. 20.
2
Dr.Wilferd MADELUNG. The Westward Migration of Нanafi Scholars from Central Asia in the 11th to 13th
Centuries. https://teav.ankara.edu.tr/xmlui/bitstream/handle/20.500.12575/50286/9156.pdf?sequence=1
3
Dr.Wilferd MADELUNG. The Westward Migration of Нanafi Scholars from Central Asia in the 11th to 13th
Centuries. https://teav.ankara.edu.tr/xmlui/bitstream/handle/20.500.12575/50286/9156.pdf?sequence=1
SCIENCE AND INNOVATION IN THE
EDUCATION SYSTEM
International scientific-online conference
35
"Zad al-gharibuddayn min Badā’i‘ al-ṣanā’i‘ fī tartīb al-sharā’i", a copy of which is
kept in the Sulaymaniyah library
4
.
Due to the high demand and attention to the work, calligraphers always
took copies of it. The oldest manuscript copies of " Badā’i‘" are kept in the
libraries of Berlin, London, Tunisia, Syria, Egypt, Turkey, India, Pakistan, Saudi
Arabia and Uzbekistan.
5
When talking about the manuscript copies of the work, it should be noted
that there were also students who copied the original manuscript of al-Kāsānī.
Hafiz Abdul Qadir Qurashi, one of al-Kāsānī's students, mentions in the
biography of Sham mudarrisi Shamsuddin Najo ibn Sa'd that Shamsuddin Najo
copied a copy of his teacher's book " Badā’i‘". This copy is in seven volumes and
was donated to Shibliyya madrasa after his death.
6
Aleppo historian Ibn Adim reports
7
that another copy was copied by
Shamsuddin Naja and presented to one of the Shafi'i scholars. Unfortunately, the
manuscript copy of the work copied by Shamsuddin Najo has not survived.
During this research, it was confirmed that the only manuscript of "
Badā’i‘" written by the author in the world is kept in the State Library of
"Hamidiyya" of Turkey.
8
For more information on which libraries around the world hold the oldest
and most complete manuscripts of Badā’i‘, see the foreword to the Urdu
translation of the work by Dr. Mahmoud Hasan Arif.
9
It contains detailed
information about the manuscript copies of " Badā’i‘" stored in the libraries of
Berlin, British Museum, Sulaimaniyya, Zaytuniyya (Tunisia), Osafiyya (Pakistan),
Aleppo (Syria).
Also, in the version of " Badā’i‘" published in 2003 by the publishing house
"Dor al-kutub al-ilmiya" of Beirut, information is given about the existence of
three complete and six incomplete copies in the collection of the Egyptian
library "Dor al-kutub Misriyya". Among them, the copy stored under the
inventory number No. 56 is the oldest and was copied by the scribe Muhammad
4
Ayasofya, nr. K. 1209, 524 varak.
5
Аlouddin Аbu Bakr ibn Masʼud al-Kāsānī. Badāi‘ al-ṣanāi‘ fī tartīb al-sharāi (Urdu tilidagi tarjimasi. Tarjimon:
Doktor Mahmud Hasan Orif). – V: 7. – Pokiston, Lohur: Nisbat nashriyoti, 1993. – P. 50.
6
Qurashiy. Javohir al-muziyya. – V: III. – P. 531.
7
Ibn Аʼdim. Bugʼyat at-talab. – V: X. – P. 42.
8
Qambarov Аzamxon, Gʼaybullaev Saidahmadxon. Malik al-ulamo (Ulamolar sultoni) – Аlouddin Аbu Bakr Kosoniy.
– T.: Movarounnahr nashriyoti, 2019. – P. 57.
9
Аlouddin Аbu Bakr ibn Masʼud al-Kāsānī. Badā’i‘ al-ṣanā’i‘ fī tartīb al-sharā’i‘ (Urdu tilidagi tarjimasi. Tarjimon:
Doktor Mahmud Hasan Orif). – V:7. – Pokiston, Lohur. Nisbat nashriyoti, 1993.– P. 50.
SCIENCE AND INNOVATION IN THE
EDUCATION SYSTEM
International scientific-online conference
36
Abul Fath Shafi'i Rifai in 965/1558. It consists of three volumes, the first has 229
pages, the second has 304, and the third has 357 pages
10
.
Also, the copy stored in the library of "Khizonat al-kutub Haji Abdul Qadir
Efandi" was copied by the secretary Abdullah ibn Abdur Rahim in 1170/1757
and was the basis of the first lithographic copy published in 1328/1910 in the
"Jamoliyya" publishing house in Cairo
11
.
There is also a manuscript of « Badā’i‘« in our country, which is kept in the
fund of the UzFA SHI named after Abu Rayhan Beruni under number 11026. This
manuscript was copied by the scribe Ahmad ibn Shaykh Yusuf in 1144/1731,
but it is the second part of the work from the subject of Hades to the end. A
popular type of scientific-methodical interpretation was chosen when writing
the work. The uncomplicated language of the work simplifies the understanding
of the legal topics in it and does not leave the need for additional comments,
margins and appendices to the work. Due to the demand and attention to the
work, it has been published about ten times so far. Below are their names:
1. "Jamoliyya" publishing house. In 1327-1328 (1909-1910) with the
investment of Sheikh Muhammad Saidbashi Jabiri and Murad Ahmed Efandi, a
seven-volume lithographic edition was published in the "Jamoliyya" publishing
house of Cairo, the text of which was typed by Abduljavvod Khalaf. Copies of this
lithographic publication are widely distributed in our country, there are about
fifty copies in the library of the Office of Muslims of Uzbekistan alone. This
publication has been printed several times in offset style in Egyptian and
Lebanese printing houses.
2. "Matba'a al-imam" publishing house. 1974, published by Zakariyya Yusuf
in ten volumes at the "Matba'a al-Imam" publishing house in Cairo. It does not
mention which manuscript it is based on. In this edition, only the hadiths of the
first volume have been studied by Ahmad Mukhtar Usman. Hadiths are
numbered from the beginning to the end of the work, their number reaches
3055.
3. "Dar al-fikr" publishing house. 1417/1996 "Dor al-fikr" scientific
research center compiled a critical text and published it in Beirut's "Dor al-fikr"
publishing house. It has a foreword written by Ustaz Sidqi Jamil Attar and gross
errors have been made. For example, the title of the work is "al-Fiqh ala mazahib
al-arba'a" (Jurisprudential issues according to the four madhhabs), and
10
Аbu Bakr al-Kāsānī. Badā’i‘ al-ṣanā’i‘ fī tartīb al-sharā’i (Shayx Аli Muxammad va Shayx Odil Аxmad
Аbdulmavjud tomonidan taxqiq va taʼliq qilingan). – V: 6. – Livan: Dor al-kutub al-ilmiyya, 2003. – P. 81.
11
Аlouddin Аbu Bakr ibn Masʼud al-Kāsānī. Badā’i‘ al-ṣanā’i‘ fī tartīb al-sharā’i (nashrga tayyorlovchi Аbduljavvod
Xalaf). – Qohira: Jamoliyya, 1910.
SCIENCE AND INNOVATION IN THE
EDUCATION SYSTEM
International scientific-online conference
37
accordingly, the publisher changed the place in al-Kāsānī's introduction to the
work that he named " Badā’i‘ al-ṣanā’i‘ fī tartīb al-sharā’i". Obviously, it is a bad
thing to do to attract the attention of the buyer. It is not the business of honest
researchers to treat the heritage of scholars in this way.
4. "Dor ihya at-turos" publishing house. This publication was made in
1997 by Sheikh Abdur Razzaq Halabi and Muhammad Adnon ibn Yasin Darvish
in collaboration with Beirut's "Dar ihya at-turos" publishing house and "Tarikh
al-arabi" institution, in which "Haji Abdul Qadir Efandi Jabiri", "Maktaba
Zahiriyya" and "Dar al-kutub Misriyya" libraries are based on manuscript copies.
It can be said that this edition is more perfect than the previous ones. The reason
is that a critical text has been compiled on the basis of the above three
manuscripts, and the source of the hadiths in the "Sihah" (Collections of Reliable
Hadiths) has been indicated and information about personalities has been given.
5. Publication of "Dar al-kutub ilmiya" publishing house. In 1418/1997,
Sheikh Ali Muhammed Muawviz and Sheikh Adil Ahmad Abdulmajud published
the first edition in seven volumes in Beirut's "Dar al-Kutub Ilmiya" publishing
house, and the second edition in 2003 in ten volumes. This edition is significant
because it is more perfect, useful and beautiful than the previous ones. First of
all, a critical text was compiled on the basis of 9 manuscript copies in the "Dar al-
kutub Misriyya" library and compared to the first lithographic edition of the
work in 1910. Secondly, hadiths and verses are given in a separate form, sources
are indicated, and brief biographies of famous people are given. This publishing
house has been reprinting this publication every year until now.
These publications are the result of many years of effort and work of the
authors. Nevertheless, the work " Badā’i‘ al-ṣanā’i‘ fī tartīb al-sharā’i‘" written by
Abū Bakr al-Kāsānī puts many tasks that still need to be done before the
publishers of our time. In particular, it is necessary to pay research attention to
all the manuscript copies of Badā’i‘, especially the complete manuscripts in the
libraries of India and Pakistan.
In particular, the ancient and perfect manuscript copy of " Badā’i‘" kept in
the fund of the UzR.FA ShI should be paid attention to, studied and presented to
the general public from the point of view of publishing, textual studies, and
source studies.
Also, it is necessary to create a fihrist (index) on the differences between
books, persons, sects and hadiths and verses mentioned in " Badā’i‘".
SCIENCE AND INNOVATION IN THE
EDUCATION SYSTEM
International scientific-online conference
38
Among the Western scientists and researchers, Dr. Jochen Gentz's
"Guarantee in Islamic Law
12
" and Professor Otto Spiez's "Manuscripts of Badā’i‘
al-ṣanā’i‘ in Istanbul" are works dedicated to " Badā’i‘ al-ṣanā’i‘
13
".
In 2005, Professor Najmittin Kyzilkoya, one of the Turkish scientists,
defended his doctoral work on the topic of "Jurisprudential rules in al-Kāsānī's
work " Badā’i‘". The study was carried out at the famous Marmara University in
Turkey, in which all the jurisprudential rules in the work " Badā’i‘" were
extensively analyzed
14
.
Turkish scientist Salmo Abu Gushsh studied the issues of supply in the
work " Badā’i‘ al-ṣanā’i‘" on the topic "Issues of supply in Islam according to al-
Kāsānī"
15
. Another Turkish scientist, Ferhat Kosa, researched al-Kāsānī's life and
work
16
.
Abdurrahman ibn Fahd ibn Abdullah, one of the Arab scholars, completed
his master's thesis in 2011 at Imam Muhammad ibn Saud University in Ar-Riyaz
on the topic of "Fiqh rules in Badā’i‘ al-ṣanā’i‘: from the book of marriage to the
book of guardianship." In it, the jurisprudential rules of thirteen chapters of the
work " Badā’i‘" were studied
17
.
In 2007, Fadwa Abdul Aliim Ahmed At-Tayyari, an employee of the Sharia
Department of Umm al-Qura University, completed his master's thesis on Fiqh
on the topic "Corrections in the book " Badā’i‘ al-ṣanā’i‘" of Imam al-Kāsānī (from
the beginning of the Book of Hunting to the end of the Book of Atonements).
In 1428-1429 AH, Badr bin Rashid Oli Abdillatif defended his master's
thesis on the topic "Fiqh rules in Imam Al-Kāsānī's book " Badā’i‘ al-ṣanā’i‘: (from
the beginning of the book to the end of the book of Hajj)".
In 1431-1432 AH, Abdurrahman bin Fahd bin Abdullah Abo Batiyn
defended his master's thesis on the topic "Fiqh rules in Imam al-Kāsānī's book "
Badā’i‘ al-ṣanā’i‘: (from the beginning of the book of Nikah to the end of the book
of Walo)". In 1431 Hijri/AD 2001, Abdulaziz bin Abdurrahman bin Abdulaziz Al-
Bulayhid defended his master's thesis on the topic of "Jurisprudential rules in
Imam al-Kāsānī's book " Badā’i‘ al-ṣanā’i‘".
12
Gentz, Jochen; Die Bürgschaft im islamischen Recht nach al-Kāsānī.1960, Berlin.
13
Otto Spies. “Istanbuler Handschriften zu dem Rechtswerk Badā’i‘ al-ṣanā’i‘ des al-Kāsānī”. Isl., XLI (1969).
14
Necminnin Kizilkaya. Kasani’nin bedayi isimli eserinde kavaidin yeri: doctorlik isin (Turkca). Marmara universiteti,
Istanbul. 2005.
15
Abu-Ghosh. Salma:Das islamische Unterhaltsrecht nach al-Kasani: eingeleitet, ‘bersetzt und kommentiert. Frankfurt
am Main [u.a.]: Lang, 1989.
16
Ferhat Koca, “Kasaniy”, DIA, XXIV.
17
Аbdurrahmon ibn Fahd ibn Аbdulloh. Badā’i‘ al-ṣanā’i‘dagi fiqhiy qoidalar: nikoh kitobidan valiylik kitobigacha,
magistr ishi. – Riyoz shahri: Imom Muhammad ibn Saʼud universiteti, 2011 y.
SCIENCE AND INNOVATION IN THE
EDUCATION SYSTEM
International scientific-online conference
39
In 1427 AH/AD 2006, Ahmad bin Sa'id Ma'kafi Al-Awaji defended his
master's thesis on the topic "Methodological rules in the book " Badā’i‘ al-
ṣanā’i‘of Imam Al-Kāsānī and their application (compilation and teaching)" at
Madina Munawwara Islamic University.
In 1430 Hijri/AD 2009, Salih bin Sa'id bin Abdullah Al-Ghamidi completed
his master's thesis at Umm al-Qura University in Makkah, entitled "Amendments
made by Imam Al-Kāsānī in the book " Badā’i‘ al-ṣanā’i‘'' to the principles
previously relied on in the books of Ablution and Prayer in the Madhhab. In it,
the issues of ablution and prayer in the work " Badā’i‘" are studied.
Also, scientific work is being carried out at Umm al-Qura University on the
creation of the book "Munjid on the corrections made by Al-Al-Kāsānī in the
book "Badā’i‘ al-ṣanā’i‘".
No research has been done on " Badā’i‘ al-ṣanā’i‘" in Uzbek until now.
However, in 2018, the first volume of the work dedicated to the issues of
"Ablution and Prayer" was translated into Uzbek by Sheikh Alauddin Mansur.
This translation was published in two volumes in Sharq publishing house in
2018.
Also, a dissertation work for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in
History on the topic of "Usul and Furu rules in the work of Badā’i‘ al-ṣanā’i‘" by
Teacher Qambarov Azamkhan and "Abu Bakr Al-Kāsānī 's " A master's thesis on
the topic of problem-solving methods is being implemented in the work " Badā’i‘
al-ṣanā’i‘ fī tartīb al-sharā’i".
After Abu Bakr Al-Kāsānī created this work, his work spread widely
throughout the caliphate and moved to the city of Aleppo. After moving to the
city of Aleppo, he worked as the "Rais al-ulama" of the country and the "Khoja
mudarris" of the "Halaviyya" madrasa. He tutored many students from
Movrounnahr, Khorasan, Sham, Onadoli, Egypt, Hijaz and other Muslim
countries.
Among his students were "Khoja mudarris", senior judges, muftis who
worked in "Halaviya", "Jodekiyya", "Shibliyya" and other madrasas. When
historians mention the biographies of these students, they point to their
academic level, saying that they were educated under Abu Bakr Al-Kāsānī .
After studying many books of tabaqat and tarojim, the names of many
scholars who were lucky enough to learn from Imam Al-Kāsānī and who
consistently studied his works and expressed a scientific attitude were
identified. Below are the names of these scientists:
SCIENCE AND INNOVATION IN THE
EDUCATION SYSTEM
International scientific-online conference
40
1. Jamaluddin Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Mahmud ibn Said Ghaznavi (d.
593/1197)
It is mentioned in the sources that Jamaluddin Ahmad ibn Muhammad
Ghaznavi and his son Mahmud Al-Kāsānī were among the main students and
assistants of the madrasa. Jamaluddin Ghaznavi also learned from Alauddin
Samarkandi.
18
Together with his teacher Al-Kāsānī , he taught many students and reached
the level of the head of Hanafi jurists.
He wrote useful works on fiqh and kalam. His works "Al-Hawiy al-Qudsi"
and "Al-Muqaddimatul Ghaznavi" are among the reliable sources of Hanafi
jurisprudence. Also, the scientist's work "Aqidatit Tahovi" is an important source
of the science of the word. In addition, Jamaluddin Ahmad ibn Muhammad
Ghaznavi is the author of works called "Rawzat al-mutakallimin", "Kitab fi usul
al-fiqh", "Ar-Rawza fi ikhtilaf al-ulama".
19
Jamaluddin Ahmad Ghaznavi died in 593/1197 in the city of Aleppo.
20
2.Жамолиддин Абу Сурайё Халифа ибн Сулаймон ибн Халифа ибн
Муҳаммад Қураший Хоразмий (1170-1240)
The jurist Abu Surayya Qurashi, whose ancestors were from Khorezm, was
born and raised in Aleppo. He was educated by Abu Bakr (Alauddin) Al-Kāsānī ,
and then worked as a head teacher in the Madrasa "Joviliyya". Abu Surayya
Qurashi died in 638/1240 in Aleppo.
21
3. Iftikharuddin Abu Hashim Abdulmuttalib ibn Fazl Hashimi Balkhi Halabi
(539/1145-616/1219)
The genealogy of the jurist is connected to the great companion Abdullah
ibn Abbas with the following chain: Iftikharuddin Abu Hashim Abdulmuttalib ibn
Fazl ibn Abdulmuttalib ibn Husayn ibn Ahmad ibn Husayn Shit Abdurrahman ibn
Abdulmalik ibn Salih ibn Ali ibn Abdullah ibn Abbas Qurashi Hashimi.
Iftikharuddin Hashemi was born in Balkh on the 6th day of the last month of
Jumodul in 539 Hijri (1145 AD). He was Al-Kāsānī 's closest student, and after his
master's death, he became the head of the Halaviyya madrasa and the chairman
of the Hanafis of Aleppo.
18
Laknaviy. Favoid al-bahiyya. – P. 91.
19
Toshkoʼbri Zoda. Miftox as-Saʼoda. – V: II. – P. 275; Qurashiy. Javohir al-muziyya. – V: I. – P. 120; Laknaviy.
Favoid al-bahiya. – P. 40.
20
Qurashiy. Javohir al-muziyya. – V: I. – P. 315. Laknaviy. Favaid al-bahiyya. – P. 40. H.Аminov, S.Primov. Hanafiy
fiqhi tarixi, manbalari va istilohlari. Toshkent, Movarounnahr, 2017. – P. 328.
21
Qurashiy. Javohir al-muziyya. – V: II. – P. 176. Laknaviy. Favaid al-bahiyya. – P. 71. H.Аminov, S.Primov. Hanafiy
fiqhi tarixi, manbalari va istilohlari. Toshkent, Movarounnahr, 2017. – P. 328.
SCIENCE AND INNOVATION IN THE
EDUCATION SYSTEM
International scientific-online conference
41
Historian Imam Zahabi mentioned in his work "Tarikhul-Islam" that the
scholar had a wide intellect, piety, diet and honor, and spent his whole life
teaching students, scientifically fighting against misguided groups, and issuing
fatwas.
22
Iftikharuddin wrote a commentary on Imam Muhammad's "Jami' al-Kabir"
entitled "Sharhu Jami' al-Kabir".
In the sources, it is mentioned that Iftikharuddin Balkhi also heard hadith
from Imam Al-Kāsānī 's teacher, Abdur Rashid Valvoliji. Until the end of his life,
he taught students at the Halaviyya madrasa and died in the last month of
Jumodul in the year 616 Hijri (1219 AD) in the city of Aleppo
23
.
4. Muqarrabuddin Abu Hafs Umar ibn Ali ibn Muhammad ibn Faris ibn
Qusham Halabi (543/1149-623/1226)
Abu Hafs Halabi was born on Sunday, 27 Ramadan 543/1149, in Darul-Qutn
neighborhood of Aleppo. Muqarrabuddin learned from Imam Al-Al-Kāsānī and
many other scholars and became a great Hanafi jurist. He was the first
headmaster of "Jurdikiyya
24
" madrasa and until the end of his life he was
engaged in teaching students in this role.
Muqarrabuddin Halabi died at the age of 80 on the second day of Jumodul
Akhir in 623 Hijri (1226 AD).
25
5. Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khamis Halabi (542/1148 -
622/1225)
The scientist was born in 542/1148 in Mosul, Iraq. Arriving in the city of
Aleppo, Alauddin studied jurisprudence from Abu Bakr Al-Kāsānī .
Faqih died in the year 622/1225 in the city of Aleppo - according to the Hijri
year - at the age of 80.
26
6. Abu Abdullah Muhammad ibn Sa'id ibn Salama ibn Riqabi Halabi
(561/1167 -617/1220)
Abu Abdullah Halabi was born in Aleppo, Syria in 561/1167 and died in this
city in 617/1220. He was a jurist and a skilled poet. He studied jurisprudence
from Alauddin Al-Al-Kāsānī .
Historian Ibn Adim says: "Our teacher Abu Abdullah Halabi became a suitor
for the daughter of Abu Hafs Ibn Qusham. Later, Ibn Qusham appointed him as
his deputy in Jurdikiyya madrasa.”
27
22
Zahabiy. Tarix al-islom. – V: 44. – P. 303.
23
Ibn Qutlubug‘o. Toj at-tarojum. – P. 36; Laknaviy. Taʼliqot as-saniyya. – P. 188.
24
Журдекийя мадрасасни Амир Иззуддин Журдек барпо қилиб, Муқаррабуддин бош мударрис қилиб
тайинлайди.
25
Ibn Shaddod. Аʼlaqul-xatira. – J: I. – B. 115; Zahabiy. Tarix al-islom. – J: 45. – B. 162.
26
Qurashiy. Javohir al-muziyya. – J: III. – B. 59. Tamimiy. Tabaqot as-saniyya. 1741 raqamli tarjimai hol.
SCIENCE AND INNOVATION IN THE
EDUCATION SYSTEM
International scientific-online conference
42
7. Abu Abdullah Muhammad ibn Yusuf ibn Khizr ibn Abdullah Halabi (Ibnul
Abyaz) (522/1127-614/1217).
Abu Abdullah Muhammad Halabi was known as "Ibnul Abyaz" and also
known as "Qazi Askar" because he was the leader of the armies. Historian
Qurashi quotes Ibnul Abyaz Halabi as born in 522 AH.
28
The first teacher of Allama Ibnul Abyaz was his father "Badr al-Abyaz" -
Yusuf ibn Hizr, because he was also one of the great jurists of Aleppo. Later, he
learned from the scholar Imam Al-Kāsānī .
Allama's most famous student was the Aleppo historian Kamaluddin Abul
Qasim Umar ibn Ahmad ibn Hibatullah, who was known as "Ibn Adim". Ibn Adim
wrote a voluminous work entitled Bugyat al-Talab fi Tariq al-Halab, which is the
most important source on the history of Aleppo. This work contains valuable
information about the history of Aleppo, the biographies of scholars who lived
there.
29
8.Shamsuddin Naja ibn Sa'd ibn Naja ibn Abul Fazl
Aleppo historian Ibn Adim writes: "Shamsuddin Naja ibn Sa'd is one of the
great Hanafi scholars. He studied jurisprudence from Al-Kāsānī in Aleppo. Then
he became the headmaster of Busra
30
madrasa. With his letter, he copied a
separate copy of Abu Bakr Al-Kāsānī 's " Badā’i‘ al-ṣanā’i‘". This copy consists of
7 volumes.”
31
Historian Qurashi mentions that after the death of Shamsuddin
Najo, this copy of " Badā’i‘" was given to the Shibliyya madrasa as a waqf..
32
9. Mujallid Abu Bakr Hanafi
Mujallid Abu Bakr was the supervisor of the Halawiyya madrasa and was
one of the most prominent jurists in Aleppo. The scientist was handsome,
handsome, handsome.
Allama learned Hadith from Abu Bakr Al-Kāsānī and was one of his close
assistants in the madrasah. Allama was called Mujallid because he was engaged
in the repair of books and made his living from this profession..
33
10. Abul Hasan Ahmad ibn Hibatullah ibn Muhammad ibn Abu Jaroda Halabi
(542/1148-613/1216)
Ahmad ibn Hibatullah Halabi - the father of Kamaluddin Ibn Adim, a
historian of Aleppo, was a student of Al-Kāsānī , a scholar and judge of judges
27
Qurashiy. Javohir al-muziyya. – J: III. – B. 159. Tamimiy. Tabaqotus-saniyya. 2010 raqamli tarjimai hol
28
Qurashiy. Javohir al-muziyya. – V: III. – P. 407.
29
Qurashiy. Javohir al-muziyya. – V:III. – P. 407. Laknaviy. Favaid al-bahiyya. – P. 203.
30
Busro – Suriya Poytaxti Damashqda joylashgan qadimiy madrasalardan biri. Yoqut Xamaviy. Moʼʼjam al-buldon. –
V: I. – P. 441.
31
Qurashiy. Javohir al-muziya. – V: III. – P. 531.
32
Qurashiy. Javohir al-muziya. – V:III. – P. 531.
33
Ibn Аdim. Bug‘yat at-tola– P. – V: X. – P. 65.
SCIENCE AND INNOVATION IN THE
EDUCATION SYSTEM
International scientific-online conference
43
(chief judge of the country). Appointed to the Qazi of Aleppo in 575/1179. He
was born in 542/1148 and died in 613/1216.
34
Based on the materials in this paragraph, the following conclusions can be
made:
1.For centuries, Abu Bakr ibn Mas'ud Al-Kāsānī 's work " Badā’i‘ al-ṣanā’i‘" has
been used as a primary source in the Muslim world, especially within the Hanafi
sect.
2. Many positive opinions were expressed about this work. Both Western and
Eastern scholars have conducted research and appreciated the importance of
the book.
3. After Abu Bakr Al-Kāsānī moved to the city of Aleppo, Zangi worked
enthusiastically and widely as the "Rais al-ulama" of the country of rulers and
the "Khoja mudarris" of the "Halawiyya" madrasa and trained many students.
4. In our country, the issue of carrying out in-depth research on the basis of Abu
Bakr Al-Kāsānī 's work " Badā’i‘ al-ṣanā’i‘ fī tartīb al-sharā’i‘", including the copy
preserved in the UzFA ShI fund named after Abu Rayhan Beruni under number
11026, should be considered as an urgent task for scientists.
34
Qurashiy. Javohir al-muziya. – V: V. – P. 327; Laknaviy. Favaid al-bahiyya. – P. 147.
