Acumen:
International Journal of
Multidisciplinary Research
ISSN: 3060-4745
IF(Impact Factor)10.41 / 2024
Volume 2, Issue 6
309
Acumen: International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research
THE METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF DEVELOPING LOGICAL
THINKING IN PRIMARY SCHOOL MATHEMATICS LESSONS
Khudaikulova Saida Zakirovna
Teacher of Termez State Pedagogical Institute
Phone: +99890-246-47-47
Ruzikulov Shokhabbos
1st-year student of
Temez State Pedagogical Institute
Annotatsiya:
Ushbu maqolada boshlang‘ich sinf o‘quvchilarining mantiqiy
fikrlash ko‘nikmalarini shakllantirishning zarurati, ularni rivojlantirishga xizmat
qiluvchi metodik yondashuvlar va matematik darslarda qo‘llaniladigan usullar haqida
fikr yuritiladi. Mantiqiy fikrlashning shakllanishi nafaqat matematika fanini
o‘zlashtirish, balki o‘quvchining kundalik hayotdagi muammolarni hal etish
qobiliyatini rivojlantiradi.
Аннотация:
В статье рассматривается необходимость формирования
навыков логического мышления у учащихся начальных классов, а также
методические подходы и методы, используемые на уроках математики.
Формирование логического мышления способствует не только успешному
усвоению математики, но и развитию умений решать жизненные задачи.
Annotation:
This article discusses the importance of developing logical thinking
skills in primary school students, along with methodological approaches and
techniques used in math lessons. The formation of logical thinking helps not only in
mastering mathematics but also in enhancing students' ability to solve real-life
problems.
Kalit so‘zlar:
mantiqiy fikrlash, boshlang‘ich sinf, matematika, metodika, o‘qitish
usullari, didaktik o‘yinlar, fikrlash ko‘nikmalari
Ключевые слова:
логическое мышление, начальные классы, математика,
методика, методы обучения, дидактические игры, навыки мышления
Keywords:
logical thinking, primary school, mathematics, methodology, teaching
methods, didactic games, thinking skills
The modern education system requires the formation of students' skills in
independent thinking, analysis, and drawing conclusions. This is especially important
at the primary education level, where developing logical thinking holds great
significance. Mathematics is one of the most essential tools in this regard, as it
Acumen:
International Journal of
Multidisciplinary Research
ISSN: 3060-4745
IF(Impact Factor)10.41 / 2024
Volume 2, Issue 6
310
Acumen: International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research
contributes to shaping analytical, algorithmic, and reflective thinking in students.
Activities aimed at developing logical thinking among primary school students
broaden their cognitive horizons, encourage deep thinking, and improve their decision-
making skills.
From the very beginning of school education, it is necessary to properly guide
children's cognitive development, helping them evaluate real-life situations, analyze
them, and understand cause-and-effect relationships. From this perspective, fostering
logical thinking through mathematics lessons is one of the pressing methodological
challenges.
The Concept and Stages of Logical Thinking
Logical thinking is the ability to analyze cause-and-effect relationships, generalize,
classify, compare, and draw accurate conclusions. These skills develop naturally in
children, but a systematic methodological approach is required to nurture them
effectively.
For primary school students, logical thinking develops in the following stages:
•
Visual-logical thinking (Grade 1):
understanding similarities and differences
based on images.
•
Basic algorithmic thinking (Grade 2):
recognizing and applying sequences
and rules.
•
Problem-solving-based thinking (Grades 3–4):
finding solutions using
various methods, analyzing, and explaining.
Methods for Developing Logical Thinking
The following methods are considered effective in primary school mathematics
lessons:
1.
Problem-based learning
– encourages students to make independent decisions.
For example, at the beginning of a lesson, give tasks based on questions like
“Why?” or “How?”
2.
Didactic games
– help students understand numbers, shapes, and logical
sequences through playful activities. Examples:
o
“Find the increase”
o
“What’s missing?”
o
“Arrange correctly”
3.
Logical tasks and exercises
– assignments that encourage deep thinking:
o
Problems involving the fulfillment of two conditions simultaneously
o
“In what order?”
o
“Find the incorrect choice”
Acumen:
International Journal of
Multidisciplinary Research
ISSN: 3060-4745
IF(Impact Factor)10.41 / 2024
Volume 2, Issue 6
311
Acumen: International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research
4.
Working with crosswords, diagrams, and logical chains
– develops analytical
thinking, observation, and reasoning.
5.
Pair and group activities
– reinforce skills in exchanging ideas, decision-
making, and logical justification.
Methodological Approach to Selecting Educational Materials
Educational materials must align with the age and psychological characteristics of
the children. Tasks should meet the following criteria:
•
Simplicity:
use clear language and real-life examples.
•
Logical structure:
each task should involve a cause-and-effect relationship.
•
Engagement:
assignments should be thought-provoking and encourage
reflection.
Examples:
•
Find the sequence: 2, 4, 6, ?, ? (Each number increases by 2)
•
Match by relationship: 3 – red, 4 – green, 5 – ? (Each odd number is associated
with a color)
The Role of the Teacher
The teacher is not only a knowledge provider but also a guide for students’ thinking.
They must:
•
Focus specifically on logical tasks during lesson planning;
•
Choose approaches that consider each student’s level of thinking;
•
Engage students in reflective thinking through questions and problem situations
during lessons.
Developing logical thinking in primary school students is a key factor in enhancing
their intellectual potential. To organize this process effectively through mathematics
education, various methodological approaches should be employed, including
problem-based tasks, game-based activities, and reflection-based exercises.
This will not only improve students’ mathematical literacy but also foster their
ability to think logically in any situation. As a result, students will grow into individuals
capable of making independent decisions, conducting analysis, and solving real-life
problems effectively.
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ХУДАЙКУЛОВА, С. З. (2023). ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ЛИНИИ УРОВНЯ
БОЛЬШОГО ПОЛИНОМА С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ КОМПЬЮТЕРНОЙ
АЛГЕБРЫ. World of Scientific news in Science, 1(1), 139-145.Abdullayeva D.
Acumen:
International Journal of
Multidisciplinary Research
ISSN: 3060-4745
IF(Impact Factor)10.41 / 2024
Volume 2, Issue 6
312
Acumen: International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research
“Boshlang‘ich sinf o‘quvchilarining mantiqiy fikrlashini shakllantirish
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