American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations
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VOLUME
Vol.05 Issue07 2025
PAGE NO.
20-23
10.37547/ajahi/Volume05Issue07-05
Bioecological Characteristics of Bronze Beetles
(Cetoniinae) In Fruit Orchards
Umurzakov Muzaffar
Doctoral candidate at the M. Mirzaev Scientific Research Institute of Horticulture, Viticulture and Winemaking, Uzbekistan
Khudoykulov Azamjon Mirzakulovich
Tashkent state agrarian university, Uzbekistan
Received:
21 May 2025;
Accepted:
17 June 2025;
Published:
19 July 2025
Abstract:
This article presents research conducted on the bioecology and occurrence levels of bronze-colored
beetles in pome fruit orchards under the conditions of Tashkent and Samarkand regions. The study analyzes the
occurrence of bronze beetles during the flowering and fruit set periods of different varieties of apple, pear, and
quince trees, comparing results across both regions. Based on the obtained data, practical suggestions and
recommendations for production have been developed.
Keywords:
Pome fruit orchards, flower, bronze beetle, damage, species composition, apple, pear, quince,
vegetation, occurrence level.
Introduction:
Bronze beetles belong to the order
Coleoptera, family Scarabaeidae, subfamily Cetoniinae,
tribe Cetoniini. There are over 1,000 species of bronze
beetles, with 390 species found in the Ethiopian region,
298 in Indo-China, 149 in the Palearctic, 49 in the
Nearctic, 31 in the Neotropics, and 20 in the Australian
region. Although many species of this tribe occur in the
Ethiopian and Indo-Chinese regions, the Palearctic
region also offers a favorable environment for the
development and distribution of Cetoniini beetles,
covering a large area [2; pp. 27
–
28].
According to other sources, there are around 2,700
species of bronze beetles globally, with more than two-
thirds distributed in Africa and tropical Asia. In the CIS
countries, approximately 50 species have been
recorded [3; pp. 328
–
330].
In agrobiocenoses of fruit orchards, bronze beetles are
among the chewing pests that damage flowers and
fruits of crops belonging to 15 different plant families
and about 50 crop species [3; pp. 328
–
330; 9; pp. 104
–
107]. Based on their feeding behavior, they are
phytophagous insects, and within this group,
anthophagous species cause harm by feeding on
flowers and reproductive organs of living plants [1; pp.
1
–
3].
METHODS
To identify bronze beetle species in fruit orchards,
standard entomological methods were used, including
identification keys by T.Ye. Osmolovsky and others, as
well as literature by S.I. Medvedev [1964].
For collecting beetles from orchards, 10 model fruit
trees were selected on a 1-hectare area, marked with
tags, and monitored. Beetles were collected by shaking
the branches of sample trees during early morning or
cloudy weather when the temperature ranged
between 8
–
12°C. The sampling began two weeks after
bud burst. The average number of beetles was
calculated mathematically from collected samples.
Additionally, seasonal field observations were
conducted in spring and summer [4; pp. 206
–
210; 5; pp.
509
–
510].
To assess the damage caused by bronze beetles, during
the vegetation period, 10 model trees per hectare were
selected. On each tree, 40 clusters of flowers, young
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American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations (ISSN: 2771-2559)
fruits, and mature fruits from four directions were
examined for pest damage. The data were summarized
and the average damage level calculated [4; pp. 206
–
210; 5; pp. 509
–
510].
RESULTS
During the research, comparative observations were
conducted in apple, pear, and quince orchards to assess
the spread, damage, and bioecological characteristics
of bronze beetles and their infestation levels. Results
are presented in tabular form.
It was found that in Tashkent region, Epicometis
turanica (Turan bronze beetle) was not observed in
apple orchards, whereas in Samarkand region, it was
the dominant species. In pear orchards, E. turanica was
absent in Tashkent but present at moderate levels in
Samarkand. In quince orchards, the species was not
found in Tashkent and appeared in small numbers in
Samarkand.
Subsequent observations showed that Oxythyrea
cinctella (Pied bronze beetle) was a dominant species
in apple orchards in Tashkent, and widely present in
Samarkand as well. In pear orchards, it was moderately
present in both regions. In quince orchards, O. cinctella
was also moderately found in both regions.
Regarding Protaetia marginicollis (Green bronze
beetle), it was found at moderate levels in apple
orchards in both Tashkent and Samarkand. In pear
orchards, it was dominant in Tashkent and moderately
present in Samarkand. In quince orchards, its
occurrence was moderate in both regions.
As for Stalagmosoma allbellum (Spotted bronze
beetle), it was rarely found in apple and pear orchards
in Tashkent, and not detected in quince orchards.
Similarly, in Samarkand, it was found in low numbers in
apple and pear orchards and was absent in quince
orchards.
In particular, studies on bronze beetles revealed that
under the conditions of Tashkent region, the Turkestan
bronze beetle (Protaetia turkestanica) was rarely
encountered in apple and pear orchards, while it was
completely absent in quince orchards. In the
Samarkand region, Protaetia turkestanica was also
found in low numbers in apple and pear orchards and
was not observed at all in quince orchards.
Similarly, field observations on bronze beetles showed
that in the Tashkent region, the dark-colored bronze
beetle (Protaetia agglomerata) was rarely found in
apple and pear orchards, and not observed in quince
orchards. In the Samarkand region, Protaetia
agglomerata was not detected in apple, pear, or quince
orchards (Table 1).
Table 1
Damage and Occurrence Level of Bronze Beetle Pests in Pome Fruit Orchards
(Field Observations, Tashkent and Samarkand Regions, 2023–2024)
№
Pest Beetle Species
Observed Regions
Tashkent
Samarkand
Types of Pome Fruit Orchards
apple
pear
quince
apple
pear
quince
1.
Turan bronze beetle
Epicometis
turanica
(Reitter, 1889)
-
-
-
++++
++
+
2.
Pied bronze beetle
Oxythyrea
cinctella
(Schaum, 1841)
++++
++
++
+++
++
++
3.
Green bronze beetle
Protaetia marginicollis
(Ballion, 1870)
++
++++
++
++
++
+
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American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations (ISSN: 2771-2559)
4.
Spotted bronze beetle
Stalagmosoma allbellum
(Pallas, 1771)
+
+
-
+
+
-
5.
Turkestan bronze beetle
Protaetia turkestanica (Kraatz,
1886)
+
+
-
+
+
-
6.
Dark bronze beetle
Protaetia agglomerata (Solsky,
1876)
+
+
-
-
-
-
Note: The data were obtained by observing all four sides of 10 model trees per 1-
hectare plot
++++ - very frequently observed, +++ - frequently
observed, ++ - observed, + - rarely observed, - not
observed
CONCLUSIONS
In conclusion, it can be stated that during the 2023
–
2024 vegetation seasons in pome fruit orchards of
Tashkent and Samarkand regions, six species of bronze
beetles were studied, including Epicometis turanica
(Turan bronze beetle), Oxythyrea cinctella (Pied bronze
beetle), Protaetia marginicollis (Green bronze beetle),
Stalagmosoma allbellum (Spotted bronze beetle),
Protaetia turkestanica (Turkestan bronze beetle), and
Protaetia agglomerata (Dark bronze beetle), focusing
on their species composition and occurrence levels.
The damage and occurrence level of dominant bronze
beetle species in pome fruit orchards (apple, pear, and
quince) were identified. Specifically, Oxythyrea
cinctella (Pied bronze beetle) was found to be the
dominant species in apple orchards of Tashkent region,
while Epicometis turanica (Turan bronze beetle) was
identified as the dominant species in pear orchards of
Samarkand region.
Within different apple varieties, three dominant bronze
beetle species
—
Epicometis turanica, Oxythyrea
cinctella, and Protaetia marginicollis
—
were observed
in terms of their distribution and damage.
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