Volume 04 Issue 06-2024
29
American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations
(ISSN
–
2771-2559)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
06
Pages:
29-34
OCLC
–
1290679216
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
In the article, due to the impossibility of controlling the cleaning process in the UXK cleaning unit used in the process
of cleaning cotton from small and large impurities, an improved scheme of the UXK cleaning unit was developed. After
the cleaning process in the improved aggregate, the cotton is cleaned from small impurities in pile drums, it is possible
to clean it from large impurities in the cleaning departments of the UXK unit.
KEYWORDS
Cotton, small and large impurities, aggregate, cleaning, drum with piles, drum with saw, grid with colander.
INTRODUCTION
The UXK unit, which is used to clean cotton from small
and large impurities, uses continuous cleaning
technology, that is, the cotton directed to the cleaner
is cleaned in all its cleaning sections and then
transferred to another process. In these sections,
cotton pieces from the separated waste are
regenerated in a separate drum. Existing scrubber
suppliers use a manually operated mechanical system
to control its performance. These factors do not
provide an opportunity to control the cleaning process
when the quality indicators of cotton change. During
cotton processing, the inability to control the
efficiency of the ginning process and the frequency of
ginning prevents obtaining fiber with the same quality
Research Article
ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY OF CONTROLLING THE CLEANING PROCESS
OF THE COTTON
Submission Date:
June 04, 2024,
Accepted Date:
June 09, 2024,
Published Date:
June 14, 2024
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajahi/Volume04Issue06-06
M.M. Ochilov
Ph.D., Associate Professor, Tashkent Textile And Light Industry Institute, Uzbekistan
B. Bozorov
Assistant Professor Tashkent Textile And Light Industry Institute, Uzbekistan
N. Khashimova
Assistant Professor Tashkent Textile And Light Industry Institute, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ajahi
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 04 Issue 06-2024
30
American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations
(ISSN
–
2771-2559)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
06
Pages:
29-34
OCLC
–
1290679216
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
index. It causes technological difficulties in the
processing of cotton fiber in further processes.
Cottons of high industrial grade and low grade pass
through the upper cleaning parts of the UXK unit. This
does not affect the natural quality indicators of cotton.
It will not be possible to perform the cleaning plan
specified in Table 1.
Considering these shortcomings, an improved scheme
of the UXK cleaning unit was developed (Fig. 1). In this
improved unit, the cleaning process goes as follows:
After the cotton raw material is cleaned of small
impurities in pile drums, it is alternately cleaned of
large impurities in the cleaning sections of the UXK
unit.
After the dirtiness of the cotton reaches the
recommended amount of dirtiness before ginning, the
cleaning unit is removed from the cleaning unit by
means of a section controlled in five parts and
transferred to the next technological process. This
control technology allows changing the cleaning
process depending on the initial dirtiness of the cotton.
Recommended cleaning plan for medium fiber cotton
1-Table
Cotton
Cleaning plan
Cleaning
efficiency,%
Class
Var
Impurity, %
UXK cotton cleaning
a set of aggregates
For good cleaning cotton selection
1
I - II
5,0
1XK + UXK (1)*
84
III
8,0
1XK + UXK (2)*
88
IV
12,0
1XK + UXK (2)*
90
2
I, II, III
12,0
1XK + UXK (4)*
92
IV
16,0
1XK + UXK (2)*
90
3
I, II, III
18,0
1XK + UXK (4)*
88
IV, V
22,0
1XK + UXK (2)*
86
For hard to clean cotton selection
F
o
r
h
a
r
d
t
o
c
l
e
a
n
c
o
Volume 04 Issue 06-2024
31
American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations
(ISSN
–
2771-2559)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
06
Pages:
29-34
OCLC
–
1290679216
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
t
t
o
n
s
e
l
e
c
ti
o
n
1
I - II
5,0
1XK + UXK (2)* + 1XK
80
III
8,0
1XK + UXK (4)* + 1XK
84
IV
12,0
1XK + UXK (2)* + 1XK
86
2
I, II, III
12,0
1XK + UXK (4)* + 1XK
88
IV
16,0
1XK + UXK (2)* + 1XK
86
3
I, II, III
18,0
1XK + UXK (4)* + 1XK
82
IV, V
22,0
1XK + UXK (2)* + 1XK
80
Figure 1. UXK cleaning unit with controlled cleaning frequency
In order to check the cleaning process of the UXK
cleaning unit of the proposed scheme, researches
were conducted on the cleaning of easily cleaned
industrial varieties at the cotton ginning enterprise
owned by Sultan tex LLC of Kashkadarya region, and
on the cleaning of difficult-to-clean industrial varieties
at the Saykhunabad cotton ginning enterprise of
Sidaryo region.
Experiments were conducted in the following manner:
1. After the drying section, the moisture content of the
cotton was 8-9%.
2. The productivity of the UXK aggregate, the
coordinated technology of the initial processing of
cotton according to industrial varieties, was mainly
determined by [8].
3. When the cottons of various impurities were
cleaned, the UXK was stopped, its upper part was
Volume 04 Issue 06-2024
32
American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations
(ISSN
–
2771-2559)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
06
Pages:
29-34
OCLC
–
1290679216
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
opened, and samples were taken from the cottons of
the next sections.
4. Based on the samples "Oz DSt 592: Cotton. Impurity
detection methods » impurities were detected after
initial cleaning based on the state standard.
5. Based on the amount of impurities, the cleaning
efficiency
was
determined
for
all
cleaning
departments.
The measurement of the mass fraction of impurities
was carried out on LKM equipment using methods
based on mechanical separation of impurities from the
cotton mass.
The mass fraction is determined by the ratio of the
mass of dry impurities to the mass of dry cotton.
The following were included in the dirty mixtures:
- mineral mixtures (pebbles, soil, sand, dust);
- organic compounds (leaves, vases, flowers, cobwebs,
parts of branches, as well as dry, rotten and split cotton
parts that do not have durability).
The following measuring tools and devices were used
in conducting the experiment results:
- LKM device designed to separate cotton impurities;
- a laboratory scale with a weighing limit of no more
than 1000 g and a permissible error of no more than
20 mg;
- SXL-3 laboratory dryer for drying cotton;
- the test was conducted when the moisture content of
cotton did not exceed 12%. If the humidity is high, then
the cotton was dried using a laboratory dryer.
Drying was carried out regardless of moisture in cases
with green leaves, green bolls, green branches and
other green impurities in the cotton.
The cotton sample is placed on a smooth surface and
laid in a flat layer in the shape of a rectangle. If pebbles,
soil and clay lumps are found, then they are picked up,
crushed and spread evenly over the average daily
(combined) sample. The daily (pooled) sample average
is then divided into four equal parts. Two diagonally
opposite parts are removed together with the dust and
impurities spilled from them, the rest of the cotton is
spread again in the form of a rectangle, and this
situation is continued until the average mass of the
sample remains 1 kg. From this sample, three test
samples of 300 g each are taken, one of which is a
control.
Rotten, broken and dried fibers that enter into dirty
mixtures are removed from each test sample of cotton
weighing 300 g. Then the test sample is cleaned of
impurities for 3 min using the LKM device.
After stopping the device, it is necessary to sweep the
dust from the walls of the dirt chambers to the sides of
the device.
From the large dirty mixtures falling into the device,
fibrous seed and seed that do not enter into dirty
mixtures are collected.
Large impurities remaining in the cleaned cotton are
picked and added to the separated impurities. Large
and small impurities collected from the device are
weighed on the scales together with partially
separated dead and dust, rotten, broken and dried
fibers collected by hand from the test sample of
cotton.
The dead and free fibers that have come out of the
guard are compensated by the small impurities left in
Volume 04 Issue 06-2024
33
American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations
(ISSN
–
2771-2559)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
06
Pages:
29-34
OCLC
–
1290679216
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
the cleaned cotton. For some hard-to-clean cotton
varieties that do not have this compensation,
additional
correction
coefficients
have
been
established.
The mass percentage (impurity) of cotton impurities is calculated according to the following formula:
,
н
m
2
K
1
K
100
и
m
З
=
(1)
where mi is the mass of separated (large and small)
impurities, g;
mn is the weight of the cotton test sample with
impurities, g;
K is a correction coefficient that takes into account the
impurities remaining in the cleaned sample. For all
varieties of selection except those indicated in Table 3.1
K = 1.00. For new selection varieties of cotton, it is
allowed to temporarily use other values of the K
coefficient developed and approved in the prescribed
manner in the Basic Organization for the
Standardization of Cotton and Cotton Products until it
is included in the standard.
K2 is a coefficient that takes into account moisture in
dirty mixtures.
K2=0.98 - if the test sample is not dried in a laboratory
desiccator before cleaning (the mass ratio of moisture
is 12% and less).
K2=1.00 - if the sample for testing was dried in a dryer
before cleaning (mass ratio of moisture is more than
12%).
Table 2. A correction factor that takes into account the impurities remaining in the cleaned sample.
Selection variety
K
1
coefficient
value
The mass fraction of impurity
compounds with coefficient K
1
, %
Bukhara-108
1,09
7% and more
S-6524
1,16
7% and more
S-6530, Bukhara-6
1,14
7% and more
Namangan-77, An-Bayaut-2
1,12
7% and more
S-6532
1,07
7% and more
Volume 04 Issue 06-2024
34
American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations
(ISSN
–
2771-2559)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
06
Pages:
29-34
OCLC
–
1290679216
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
The permissible absolute difference (closeness of the
method) between the results of the analysis of two
parallel samples should not exceed:
- when the mass fraction of dirty mixtures is up to 10%
0.6%
- when the mass percentage of dirty mixtures is higher
than 10%
1.0%.
CONCLUSION
An improved scheme of the UXK cleaning unit was
developed to clean cotton from dirt and impurities.
The difficulty of cleaning cotton was determined after
its sample was cleaned in a laboratory device for
cleaning LKM seeded cotton from impurities.
One of the main controlled technological indicators is
the productivity of cotton ginning machines,
determined by the rotation speed of the supply rollers
and determined by an empirical formula.
A recommended cleaning plan for medium fiber cotton
has been developed.
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