Volume 04 Issue 02-2024
51
American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations
(ISSN
–
2771-2559)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
02
Pages:
51-56
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
7.
471
)
OCLC
–
1290679216
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
In multifactorial field experiments conducted in 2022-2023, the influence of different methods and depths of
processing of typical rain fed serezems, mineral fertilizers on field seed germination, stem density and productivity of
winter bread wheat variety “Istiklol
-
6” was studied in the condit
ions of the flat-hill rainfed zone of Uzbekistan.
KEYWORDS
Rainfed, flat hill zone, crop rotation, technology, wheat, fertilizers, yield increase, economic efficiency.
INTRODUCTION
Currently, the total arable fields in the Republic are 752
thousand ha. Atmospheric precipitation in these areas
is seasonal in nature, with the bulk (85-90 %) falling
during the winter and early spring months (March-
April).
Over the past few decades, global climate change in
lalmi fields, intensive technology planting of one field
into the grain crop spree instead of introducing a
scientifically
based farming system, intensive
processing with ploughs, discs and borons over many
years, and soil degradation under the influence of
many other factors, has led to an increase in erosion
processes. As a result, the yield of grain and other
crops grown on loamy land remains dependent on
weather conditions.
Research Article
THE IMPACT OF TILLAGE AND PLANTING ON THE SOIL RESOURCE-
INTENSIVE TECHNOLOGY IN THE REGION OF THE LOWLAND-STEPPE
TULIP ON THE FIELD YIELD, SEEDLING NUMBER AND YIELD OF AUTUMN
WHEAT
Submission Date:
February 19, 2024,
Accepted Date:
February 24, 2024,
Published Date:
February 29, 2024
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajahi/Volume04Issue02-09
J. Nishanov
Base doctoral student, Uzbekistan
X. Yusupov
Lalmikor Agricultural Research Institute, Uzbekistan
I.S. Jo‘lbekov
Gulistan State University, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ajahi
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 04 Issue 02-2024
52
American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations
(ISSN
–
2771-2559)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
02
Pages:
51-56
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
7.
471
)
OCLC
–
1290679216
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
According to the results of many years of experiments,
the chemical, physical, microbiological properties of
soil in all lalmi regions of the Republic change
inextricably with respect to the method and depth of
soil treatment [1, 2].
The main purpose of conducting experiments is to
plow at a depth of 20-22 CM with ploughs on a clean
plow in a short rotational scheme of crop rotation of
grain in the flat-winter region of the Lalli lands, to study
the effect of local (ribbon) planting of mineral
fertilizers on the productivity of autumn wheat in a
local (ribbon) way, without tillage in the following
years Such experiments were carried out very little in
the lalmi field of our republic.
Methodology
and
conditions
for
conducting
experiments.2022-2023
in the years, multi-factor experiments were carried out
in the conditions of typical loamy soils with medium
sand under the ownership of a seed farm. The 0-40 cm
layer of soil contains 0.632-0.710% humus, 0.017-0.022%
gross nitrogen, 0.130-0.210% total phosphorus and
0.925-1.007% potassium, and is low in motile nitrogen
(NO3) and phosphorus. The moisture order in these
soils belongs to the impermasid i.e. non-washable type
and is not involved in soil formation processes [3, 4].
In multi-factor experiments, the effectiveness of
planting Technologies was studied with the SZS-2,1
cultivator seyalka (Kazakhstan), which compacts the
soil in a local (tape) way, giving mineral fertilizers to the
Seeder, processing and planting in the soil according to
the traditional technology (plug, diska, borona),
planting in the Brazilian "no TILL" soil according to "o"
technology. Experiments were put according to the
3x6x3 scheme. The size of the experimental fragments
is 400 m2 (4x100), the area to be taken into account is
200 m2 (2-100). Experimental fragments (delyankas)
were placed in the form of branched blocks [5].
Options were repeated in three returns.
In the 2021-2022 agricultural year where experiments
were carried out, the amount of precipitation was 33
mm more than the average perennial norm (362 mm),
the average monthly temperature of the air was 2.5 0S
lower than the average perennial norm (12.6 0s), the
relative humidity of the air was around the perennial
norm (70%). The amount of precipitation in the 2022-
2023 agricultural year was 1.8 mm less than the
perennial norm, the air temperature was 10.2 0S, the
relative humidity was 67%.
The results obtained one of the main factors limiting
the yield of autumn wheat in tulip fields is a sharp
decrease in the germination of seeds in field conditions
and the number of plant bushes on an area of 1 m2, as
a result of moisture, temperature, lack of nutrients in
the soil during the autumn months. In addition to these
indicators, the yield of autumn wheat varies widely
depending on the methods of cultivation and planting
in the soil and the norm of nutrients in it [6].
As can be seen from the data in the table. While"
Istiqlol 6 "autumn wheat field yield was 40.7-50.3% by
default option i.e. fertilizer norm in traditional
technology," o " technology and variants planted
directly with the SZS-2.1 cultivator seyalka recorded a
10.7-28.3 and 5.7-20.3% abundance of field yield in
comparison with traditional technology respectively.
This is due to the fact that in 2022, when the extremely
arid October, November, was driven to a depth of 20-
22 CM with plugs according to traditional technology,
large incisors were displaced in the soil bet and the
thinning of wheat grass was observed as a result of the
seed being trapped in a large and cross-sectional
ground bet. This situation is observed in most years in
lalmi fields. Wheat germ sown directly from No till and
SZS-2.1 cultivator sown without tillage ensured that
Volume 04 Issue 02-2024
53
American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations
(ISSN
–
2771-2559)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
02
Pages:
51-56
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
7.
471
)
OCLC
–
1290679216
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
field germination of the seed was higher compared to
conventional technology as a result of planting to an
optimal depth (3-5 cm).
Experiments have found that the wintering rate of
sprouted grass, despite the low unbreakability of
"Istiqlol 6" fall wheat seeds planted according to
traditional technology, can be seen to be 20-21% higher
than the options used by "o" technology, 15-17% higher
than that planted with the SZs-2.1 cultivator seyalka.
The number of tubers in 1 m2 of wheat preserved by
the time of harvest amounted to 75.8-128.9 and 82.8-
130.8 units, respectively, in traditional technology and
in variants planted with Kazakhstan's SZS-2.1 cultivator
seal, and the lowest in "o" technology planted variants-
78.4
–
92.8 units/m2.
Table 1.
Soil processing and planting technologies and mineral fertilizers field germination of autumn wheat, degree of
wintering, number of plant bushes and the impact on productivity, 2022-2023 y
№№
Variants
Fie
ld
flou
rish
, %
Win
te
rin
g r
ate
, %
Plan
t Bu
sh
n
u
m
b
er
,
PC
s/m2, (
full
r
ip
en
in
g)
Productivity,
ts / ga
On
ave
rage
, ts / ga
Технологияга
нисбатан
қўшимча
ҳосил
Additional
yield
compared
to
technology
2022
y
2023
y
+ - ts /
ga
%
+ - ts
/ ga
%
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
А
1
– Traditional technology-template
1
Without fertilizer-control
46,7 81,8 75,8
6,6
8,8
7,7
-
100
-
100
2
P40, K40-autumn
scattering +N40
53,0 83,0 90,8
8,7
12,0
10,3 -
100
+2,6 134
3
R20k20-fall + N20 picking
by shaving method
50,5 89,2 124,8 7,7
11,0
9,3
-
100
+1,6 121
4
N20 R40K40 - autumn
scattering + N20
gathering
49,7 95,1 128,9 7,0
11,6
9,3
-
100
+1,6 121
Volume 04 Issue 02-2024
54
American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations
(ISSN
–
2771-2559)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
02
Pages:
51-56
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
7.
471
)
OCLC
–
1290679216
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
5
P40, K40-autumn
spraying +N40 clumping
+ RG 2.5 L/ga +20 g/ga
herbicide + 5% CAS
(clumping)+2.5 L/ga RG +
0.15 L/ga Fun.+ insek.
suspension (tubing)
46,7 89,5 127,9 10,2
12,0
11,1 -
100
+3,4 144
6
P40, K40-autumn
spraying + N40 clumping
+ NK-100 ml/ga +
herbicide + 0.15 l/ga
(clumping) + NK-100
ml/ga + 5% CAS + 0.15
L/ga Fun.+ insek.
suspension (tubing)
46,4 89,3 122,5 8,8
11,8
10,3 -
100
+2,6 134
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
А
2
– “О” technology (NO TILL, Brazil)
1
Without fertilizer-control
64,3 60,8 78,4
6,7
6,1
6,2
-1,5
80
-
100
2
P40, K40-local method in
autumn (along with
planting) +N40 picking
72,2 61,5 85,6
9,0
9,0
9,0
-1,3
87
+2,8 145
3
R20k20-local method +
N20 gathering in autumn
78,5 60,8 88,7
8,6
10,5
9,6
+0,3
103
+3,4 155
4
N20 R40K40 - local
method + N20 gathering
in autumn
76,3 64,8 91,3
7,5
8,5
8,0
-1,3
86
+1,8 129
5
P40, K40-local method in
autumn +N40 clumping +
RG 2.5 l/ga +20 g/ga
herbicide + 5% CAS
(clumping)+2.5 L/ga RG +
0.15 L/ga Fun.+ insek.
suspension (tubing)
63,4 74,5 90,8
7,0
8,7
7,8
-3,5
70
+1,6 126
6
P40, K40-local method in
autumn +N40 clumping +
NK-100 ml/ga + herbicide
+ 0.15 l/ga (clumping) +
NK-100 ml/ga + 5% CAS +
0.15 L/ga Fun.+ insek.
suspension (tubing)
66,6 73,4 92,8
8,2
7,9
8,0
-2,3
78
+1,8 129
А
3
– СЗС-2,1 cultivator seyalka (Kazakhstan)
Volume 04 Issue 02-2024
55
American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations
(ISSN
–
2771-2559)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
02
Pages:
51-56
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
7.
471
)
OCLC
–
1290679216
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
1
Without fertilizer-control
52,4 66,8 82,8
7,2
6,2
6,7
-1,0
87
-
100
2
P40, K40-local method in
autumn (along with
planting) +N40 picking
68,5 67,9 120,4 10,8
9,2
10,0 -1,1
97
+3,0 148
3
R20k20-local method +
N20 gathering in autumn
65,1 72,8 125,0 11,0
10,0
10,5 +1,2
113
+3,8 157
4
N20 R40K40 - local
method + N20 gathering
in autumn
61,2 75,1 130,4 11,3
12,3
11,8 +2,5
127
+5,1 176
5
P40, K40-local method in
autumn +N40 clumping +
RG 2.5 l/ga +20 g/ga
herbicide + 5% CAS
(clumping)+2.5 L/ga RG +
0.15 L/ga Fun.+ insek.
suspension (tubing)
70,6 77,7 130,4 13,4
11,8
12,6 +1,5
113
+5,9 188
6
P40, K40-local method in
autumn +N40 clumping +
NK-100 ml/ga + herbicide
+ 0.15 l/ga (clumping) +
NK-100 ml/ga + 5% CAS +
0.15 L/ga Fun.+ insek.
suspension (tubing)
70,6 77,7 130,6 11,0
11,8
11,4 +1,1
111
+4,7 170
Р, %
3,2
4,2
EKF 05, ts / ga
0,55
0,42
Note: rg
–
Rokogumin is a universal organic and ore fertilizer that preserves amino acids, fulvates, macro and
micro fertilizers; NK - nanocrem is a stimulant drug containing SiO2.
According to the results of two years of experiments,
the yield of winter wheat "Istiqlol 6" under the
influence of soil processing and planting technologies
and the norm of ore fertilizers and many other factors
was 7.7
–
11.3 ts/ga, depending on the norm of ore
fertilizers in the default options, the additional grain
yield obtained at the expense of ore fertilizers was 1.6-
2.6 ts/ga (121-134 %)
In multi-factor experiments conducted in 2022-2023,
the relatively highest yield (6.7-12.6 ts/ha) yield was
obtained in variants of autumn wheat seed planted
directly with the SZS-2.1 cultivator seyalka. In these
variants, the traditional technology was that the
additional yield obtained compared to the variants
planted with SZT-3.6 grain sludge, which were driven
into the soil with ploughs at a depth of 20-22 CM, was
1.1-2.5 ts/ga (111-127%), depending on the fertilizer norm.
The lowest yield, on the other hand, was obtained in
the "o" technology planted options without soil
processing
–
6.2
–
9.6 ts/ha. These variants received 1.3-
Volume 04 Issue 02-2024
56
American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations
(ISSN
–
2771-2559)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
02
Pages:
51-56
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
7.
471
)
OCLC
–
1290679216
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
3.3 ts/less yield (70-87%) compared to the default
variants (traditional technology).
In our experiments, the effectiveness of ore fertilizers
was 3.0-5.9 ts/ga (148-188%) compared to the fertilizer-
free control option in the variants where mineral
fertilizers were given to the Seeder in a local (ribbon)
method with planting with the SZs-2.1 cultivator
sezalka. In variants where" O " technology was applied,
these were 1.6-3.4 ts/ga (126-155%).
Based on the results of two years of experience, the
following conclusions can be drawn
CONCLUSIONS
1.
In the plain - winter lalmikor region, planting with
the SZS-2.1 cultivator seyalka, which provides
mineral fertilizers in a local (tape) way, compacting
the soil and taking furrows, along with the
energenic resource-saving planting that protects
the soil from erosion, should be used in galla-plow
exchange planting schemes;
2.
In the variants planted with the SZS-2.1 cultivator
seyalka, the field germination of autumn wheat,
the degree of wintering and 1 m sq.the yield of
autumn wheat increases by 1.1-2.5 ts/due to the fact
that the number of bushes of the plant in DA is
higher than in traditional technology.
3.
"O" technology tillage ("no TILL" Brazil) into the
soil in the plains-arid adyrological region of the
lalmicore lands leads to over-compaction of the
soil, intense grazing of the field and a decrease in
productivity. According to the results of the two-
year experiment, the yield of the wheat variety
"Istiqlol 6", planted with "no TILL" without
processing the soil according to the "o"
technology,was 1.3-3.5 ts/ha lower than the
traditional technology, on average 0, -3.0 ts/ha
compared to the direct SZS-2.1 cultivator seyalka
(Kazakhstan).
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1.
Лавронов Г.А. Богарное земледелие в
Узбекистане. // Т. «Узбекистан» 1979.
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С 457.
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Коробов В.М. Влияние разных способов и
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–
холмистой зоны богары Узбекистана. //
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х. наук, Галляарал 1969.
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С. 145
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Маманиязов
С.М.
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физические
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Сиддиков Р., Теляев Р., Фармонов Т.,
Ҳ
айдаров
Б
.
Лалмикор
майдонларда
ресрстежамкор
“Нуль
–
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технология”
асосида
бошо
қ
ли
дон
экинлари
етиштириш
бўйича
тавсиянома
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Юсупов Х. Ю., Юсупов Н. Х., Нишонов Ж.
ВЛИЯНИЕ
«О»
ТЕХНОЛОГИИ
И
МИНЕРАЛЬНЫХ УДОБРЕНИЙ НА ДИНАМИКУ
ВОДНОГО РЕЖИМА И УРОЖАЙНОСТЬ
ПШЕНИЦЫ
В
УСЛОВИЯХ
БОГАРЫ
УЗБЕКИСТАНА
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