Volume 04 Issue 11-2024
46
American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations
(ISSN
–
2771-2559)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
11
Pages:
46-52
OCLC
–
1290679216
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
The article presents the results of scientific research aimed at increasing the fertility of irrigated gray-meadow soils in
the Mirzachul oasis by planting various green manure crops. As a result of planting green manure crops, the soil has
become enriched with organic residues, and the humus content has increased to some extent. The soil density has
decreased, its porosity has improved, and there have been positive changes in the amount of mobile nutrients in the
soil. Consequently, the yield of crops planted after the green manure crops has increased to a certain extent.
KEYWORDS
Humus, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, siderates, oats, rye, Fatselia, mustard, rapeseed, soil density, soil porosity.
INTRODUCTION
Increasing soil fertility with the help of plant resources
is an optimal method both ecologically and
economically. In this case, the environment will not be
harmed, and the cost of the grown product will be low.
S. Sharma et al. [1] experimentally studied the
enrichment of soil with phosphorus, organic residues,
and an increase in the number of water-resistant
microaggregates as a result of planting green manure
crops.
Research Article
IMPROVING THE PHYSICAL AND AGROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF
IRRIGATED GRAY-MEADOW SOILS USING VARIOUS PLANT RESOURCES
Submission Date:
November 20, 2024,
Accepted Date:
November 25, 2024,
Published Date:
November 30, 2024
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajahi/Volume04Issue11-07
Shakhobiddin M.Turdimetov
Professor, Doctor of Biological Sciences (DSc), Department of Agro-soil science and land reclamation, Gulistan
State University, Uzbekistan
Mokhinur M.Musurmanova
Phd Student, Gulistan State University, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ajahi
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 04 Issue 11-2024
47
American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations
(ISSN
–
2771-2559)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
11
Pages:
46-52
OCLC
–
1290679216
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
P. Sullivan [2] studied the effect of planting vetch on
maize yield. In the studies, the costs of planting green
manure crops were covered by the additional yield
obtained from maize. Due to the improvement of soil
properties, the yield of maize planted in recent years
has increased.
Y.G. Mishchenko et al. [3] conducted studies on the
effect of various crops on potato yield. As a result of
planting oilseed radish, the type and number of weeds
also decreased. It was found that there is an inverse
correlation between oilseed radish phytomass and
weed infestation.
Research has been conducted on the properties of the
soils of the Mirzachul oasis, as well as on the
differences in the productivity of soils developed in
different geomorphological conditions [4-10]. It has
been noted that the physical properties and
agrochemical characteristics of these soils also vary
depending on natural and climatic conditions.
Kh.A.Batirov, Sh.M.Turdimetov, R.B.Nurillaeva [11]
provided information on the ecological role of siderat
crops. They emphasized that the combined use of
siderat crops is more effective than their separate use.
In articles on the properties of irrigated grassland soils
of the Mirzachul oasis and ways to increase their
productivity, it was found that the efficiency of green
manure crops on these soils with low soil productivity
is better than on other soils [12-17].
METHODS
When selecting the research object, an attempt was
made to locate it in areas typical for the soils of the
Mirzachul oasis. The research work was carried out on
irrigated meadow soils in the old irrigated part of
Mirzachul. Before planting siderat crops, the physical
properties and agrochemical indicators of the soil were
determined, and then after harvesting these crops,
these properties were repeatedly studied and
compared. We used such crops as oats, rye, Fatselia,
mustard and rapeseed as siderats.
RESULTS
The importance of root and shoot residues in
improving soil properties is important. Plant remains in
the soil are the main source of organic matter and
enrich the soil with nutrients and humus. Due to plant
remains, the soil becomes soft, the amount of
agronomically
valuable
aggregates
increases,
biological activity increases, favorable water-air
properties and oxidation-reduction conditions are
formed.
Below is information on the amount of biomass
remaining in the soil as a result of planting siderate
crops (Figure 1).
Volume 04 Issue 11-2024
48
American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations
(ISSN
–
2771-2559)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
11
Pages:
46-52
OCLC
–
1290679216
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
1-picture. The amount of biomass remaining under the influence of siderates, t/ha (2021-
2023 years)
The highest indicator of the amount of biomass
remaining from plants was obtained in the rapeseed
planting variant. The amount of biomass obtained over
three years was 20.79 t/ha. The least amount of
biomass was obtained in the oats planting variant. It
was also noted that the phacelia planting variant also
showed good results, with more than 18 tons of
biomass per hectare.
Planting Siderate crops is one of the best ways to
improve soil fertility, but it is not widely used. Green
manures are important in enriching the soil with
organic matter and thereby improving the physical
properties of the soil.
As a result of planting siderate crops, a decrease in soil
density was observed (Table 1). A decrease in soil
density was observed in the 30-50 cm layer of the
mustard-planted variant. Here we can see a decrease
from 1.46 g/cm2 to 1.34 g/cm2. It can be seen that the
soil density is almost unchanged in the 0-30 cm layer
where phaccelia is planted as a siderate crop. In the
oat-planted variant, the decrease in density in the
arable layer and the arable sublayer was almost the
same. In the case of rye planting, it is possible to
observe that the density has changed little in the
driving layer.
Volume 04 Issue 11-2024
49
American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations
(ISSN
–
2771-2559)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
11
Pages:
46-52
OCLC
–
1290679216
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
Table-1.
Change in soil bulk density under the influence of Siderates (2021-2023)
№
Experience options
Layer depth,
cm
Volume weight, g/cm
2
Before
planting
After
siderates
Difference
(±)
1
Control-Sideratless
0-30
1,33
xx
xx
30-50
1,42
xx
xx
2
Oats
0-30
1,38
1,34
-0,04
30-50
1,46
1,44
-0,02
3
Rye
0-30
1,35
1,34
-0,01
30-50
1,46
1,38
-0,08
4
Fatselia
0-30
1,38
1,38
0
30-50
1,44
1,36
-0,08
5
Mustard
0-30
1,38
1,35
-0,03
30-50
1,46
1,34
-0,12
6
Rapeseed
0-30
1,38
1,28
-0,10
30-50
1,46
1,38
-0,08
If we pay attention to the experiments on the change
in mobile nutrient elements under the influence of
siderats, it can be observed that the amount of nitrate
nitrogen in the lower layer of the plowed soil changed
significantly in all variants (Table 2).
Changes in nutrients under the influence of siderate
crops are better felt under the influence of mobile
phosphorus. It is known that gray soils are carbonates,
so there is a high probability of formation of calcium
phosphates. That is why the amount of mobile
phosphorus is low.
Table 2.
Changes in the amount of nitrate nitrogen, mobile phosphorus, and exchangeable
potassium in the soil under the influence of Siderate (2021-2023)
Volume 04 Issue 11-2024
50
American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations
(ISSN
–
2771-2559)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
11
Pages:
46-52
OCLC
–
1290679216
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
Depth, cm
Nitrate
nitrogen,
mg/kg
Mobile
phosphorus,
mg/kg
Exchangeable
potassium,
mg/kg
1
Control-
Sideratless
0-30
20,65
38,3
246
30-50
13,1
26,4
178
2
Oats
0-30
26,62
39,2
236
30-50
19,44
21,2
176
3
Rye
0-30
25,52
39,1
254
30-50
17,45
21,8
209
4
Fatselia
0-30
29,96
44,6
262
30-50
20,55
31,2
214
5
Mustard
0-30
26,93
42,5
262
30-50
19,32
30,5
210
6
Rapeseed
0-30
24,12
45,7
263
30-50
18,43
31,6
215
Siderate plants secrete special secretions in their roots,
and these secretions dissolve difficult-to-dissolve
phosphates and increase the amount of mobile
phosphorus.
In our experiments, compared to the control variant,
an increase in the amount of mobile phosphorus was
observed in the variant planted with rapeseed. It can
be observed that it increased by 20 percent (45.7
mg/kg) compared to the initial state (38.3 mg/kg). This
shows that rapeseed had a greater effect on the
amount of mobile phosphorus than other crops. It can
be seen that the amount of mobile phosphorus has
increased in the variants planted with Phacelia and
mustard crops.
In terms of the amount of exchangeable potassium, it
can be observed that its amount increased in all crops,
both in the arable and under-arable layers. A relatively
higher increase was observed in the variant planted
with rapeseed. A slight decrease in the amount of
exchangeable potassium in the arable under-arable
layer of the variant planted with oats can be observed.
This is explained by the fact that this crop absorbs
more potassium than other crops.
CONCLUSION
Volume 04 Issue 11-2024
51
American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations
(ISSN
–
2771-2559)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
11
Pages:
46-52
OCLC
–
1290679216
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
As a result of planting siderate crops and plowing them
into the soil during the flowering period, the properties
of the soil, the phytosanitary condition are improved,
and it is enriched with nutrients. This has a positive
effect on the yield of crops planted after it. As a result
of planting siderat crops, it is possible to grow
environmentally friendly and inexpensive products.
REFERENCES
1.
Sharma S., Kaur S., Choudhary O., Singh M., Al
Huqail A., Ali H.M., Kumar R., Siddiqui M. Scientific
Reports
|
(2022)
12:7167
|
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-11106-x.
2.
Sullivan P. Overview of Cover Crops and Green
Manures. Appropriate technology Transfer fo Rual
Areas. July, 2003. pp. 1-16.
3.
Mishchenko Y.G., E.A. Zakharchenko, S.I. Berdin,
O.V. Kharchenko, E.R. Ermantraut, I.M. Masyk, V.S.
Tokman. Herbological monitoring of efficiency of
tillage practice and green manure in potato
agrocenosis. Ukrainian Journal of Ecology, , pp.
210-219.
4.
Turdimetov Sh., Khudoyberdiyeva Z., Tadjibayev A.
Quality Assessment of Gypsum Soils of Mirzachol
Oasis. Journal of Population Therapeutics and
Clinical Pharmacology, 2023. 30(12), pp. 295
–
301.
5.
Turdimetov Sh., Musurmanova M. Properties of
Soils located in different Geomorphological
Conditions. American Journal of Agriculture and
Horticulture Innovations. Volume 02 Issue 11-2022.
pp 01-06.
6.
Turdimetov Sh., Urazalieva M., Esonboeva N.
PROPERTIES AND QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF
HYDROMORPHIC SOILS OF MIRZACHOL OASIS.
Eur. Chem. Bull. 2023,12 (Special Issue 1, Part-B),
3992-4000.
7.
Turdimetov Sh.M., Musurmanova M.M., Urazalieva
M.D., Khudayberdieva Z.A., Esanbayeva N.Y.
MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF MIRZACHOL
OASIS SOILS AND THEIR CHANGES. ACTA
INNOVATIONS,
2024,
52,
1
–
8.
https://doi.org/10.62441/ActaInnovations.52.1.
8.
Turdimetov Sh.M., G’oipova S.A. Agrochemical
properties and characteristics of pomegranate. //
Ethiopian International Journal of Multidisciplinary
Research. Volume11, Issue 03, 2024. pp. 138-141.
9.
Arabov S., Abdurakhmonov N., Bakhodirov Z.,
Sobitov U. Salinization processes in irrigated soils
of Mirzachul//Halt soil salinization, boost.soil
productivity- Global Symposium on Salt-Affected
Soils, 20-22 October 2021. 4-5 pp. Proceedings.
Rome, https://doi.org/ doi_number.
10.
Abdurakhmonov N.Yu., Sobitov O‘.T., Kurdashev
K.D. Mirzaobod tumani gipsli tuproqlarini gumus va
asosiy ozuqa elementlar bilan ta
ʼ
minlanganligi //
O
’
zbekiston Zamini Ilmiy-amaliy va innovatsion
jurnal. 4/2023.
Б
- 15-19.
11.
Batirov Kh.A., Turdimetov Sh., Nurillaeva R.B.
Ecological Role of Different Siderate Crops in
Improving Soil Properties. American Journal of
Volume 04 Issue 11-2024
52
American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations
(ISSN
–
2771-2559)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
11
Pages:
46-52
OCLC
–
1290679216
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations. Volume
03 Issue 011-2023. pp 01-06.
12.
Turdimetov Sh., Esonboyeva N. Mirzaobod tumani
tuproqlarining meliorativ holati. Международный
научно
-
образовательный электронный журнал
«ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ И НАУКА В XXI ВЕКЕ». Выпуск
№37 (том 3) (апрель, 2023). C. 67
-73.
13.
Turdimetov Sh., Esonboyeva N. Mirzaobod tumani
gidromorf tuproqlarinig xossalari. Eurasian Journal
of Technology and Innovation. Volume 1, Issue 5,
May 2023. pp 81-85.
14.
Turdimetov Sh.M., Gozi
yev U/.L., G‘oipova S. A.
Zamonaviy sharoitda organik anor plantatsiyalarini
tashkil etish va ekologik sof anor mahsulotlarini
yetishtirish.
//
Central
Asian
journal
of
Multidisciplinary Research and Management
Studies. Volume 1, Issue 8, May 2024. B. 4-8.
15.
Namozov X.Q, Turdimetov Sh.M. O‘zbekiston
tuproqlari va ularning evolutsiyasi. // darslik.
Toshkent, O‘zbekiston Milliy ensiklopediyasi, 2016.
16.
Мусурманова М.М., Турдиметов Ш.М. Влияние
различных
сидератных
культур
на
ферментативное состояние почвы. SCIENTIFIC
ASPECTS AND TRENDS IN THE FIELD OF SCIENTIFIC
RESEARCH: a collection scientific works of the
International scientific online conference (30th
October, 2024)
–
Poland, Warsaw : "CESS", 2024.
Part 26
–
pp. 48-50.
17.
Aburaxmonov N.Yu., Sobitov O
ʻ
.T., Kurdashev K.D.
Mirzacho
ʻ
l vohasi o
ʻ
tloqi-bo
ʻ
z tuproqlarining fizik-
kimyoviy xossalari // Hozirgi zamon ilm-fani va
ta'limning dolzarb muammolari. Xalqaro ilmiy-
amaliy konferensiya. - Qoraqalpoq, 2023. - B. 333-
336.
