American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations
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VOLUME
Vol.05 Issue01 2025
PAGE NO.
4-7
10.37547/ajahi/Volume05Issue02-02
Results obtained from alfalfa crop experiments in rainfed
areas
Isakov Kamoliddin Tuygunovich
Project manager, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Scientific Research Institute of Rainfed Agriculture, Uzbekistan
Umirov Ne’mat Jo‘raboyevich
PhD Agricultural Sciences, Scientific Research Institute of Rainfed Agriculture, Uzbekistan
Mavlanov Javokhir Sarvar ugli
Junior researcher, Scientific Research Institute of Rainfed Agriculture, Uzbekistan
Musulmanov Furkat Mamarakhimovich
Junior researcher, Scientific Research Institute of Rainfed Agriculture, Uzbekistan
Received:
08 December 2024;
Accepted:
10 January 2025;
Published:
13 February 2025
Abstract:
In the article, evaluation and selection of samples of alfalfa crop in rainfed lands, selection experimental
areas according to economic valuable signs and characteristics are highlighted. The results of the research on the
newly selected initial resources, which have high foliage and all other parameters compared to the model variety,
are resistant to early blight, disease, and drought, are presented.
Keywords:
Crop, alfalfa, foliage, variety, sample, range, selection, pattern, disease, drought, creation, green mass,
dry mass, hay, productivity, reproduction, seed production, quality.
Introduction:
Nowadays, due to the global climate
change in the world, a sudden increase in air
temperature during the most responsible stages of
growth and development of agricultural crops,
including fodder crops, and frequent occurrence of air
and soil droughts in dry areas prevent the production
of stable high and quality crops from these crops.
Therefore, creation of new varieties of fodder crops
resistant to adverse environmental conditions (high
temperature, drought), diseases and pests for dry areas
is one of the most urgent issues facing breeding
scientists today.
In achieving this goal, the role of alfalfa forage crops in
pastures and irrigated areas is incomparable.
By creating new high-yielding varieties of alfalfa with
higher nutritional value, protein (protein) content,
leafiness and seed yield, together with the increase of
the nutritional value obtained from the existing areas,
the needs for feed in animal husbandry will be met. By
organizing the primary seeding of the new varieties
created, they are supplied to farms and clusters
specialized in livestock breeding. This leads to the
expansion of high-yielding alfalfa areas, as a result of
which high-quality feed is provided to livestock.
In all rainfed regions, planting alfalfa allows more
nitrogen nitrate to accumulate in the soil than planting
wheat. Alfalfa enriches the soil with humus from the
third year in the plain-hilly regions, which are semi-
provided with natural moisture [3,4].
The amount of protein in alfalfa stems is 17.8% in dry
land and 17.7% in irrigated land. Fiber content is 26.6%
in dry land and 24.9% in irrigated land. Alfalfa doubles
the fertility of the land after itself [2,].
It is believed that there is almost no difference in
protein and fiber content of alfalfa hay obtained in the
first harvest of dryland and irrigated fields [1].
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American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations (ISSN: 2771-2559)
It should be noted that 100 kg of alfalfa hay contains
48.8 nutrients, 100 kg of barley straw contains 35.8
nutrients, and alfalfa crops can be harvested for 7-8
years in a row in dryland farming, and 1-2 hay crops are
provided every year [6].
Quick adaptation to environmental factors in different
natural climate-soil conditions is important in genetic
preparation of the variety [3].
METHOD
At the Rainfed Agricultural Scientific Research Institute,
new varieties and varieties of alfalfa selected together
with local varieties were studied. All agrotechnical
activities are based on the recommendations and
methods developed by the Gallaaral Scientific
Experimental
Station
in
1994,
phenological
observations, evaluations of various indicators in field
and laboratory conditions State Commission for Testing
Agricultural Crops (1985, 1989) and the former All-
Union Plant Science Institute (VIR, 1985) was carried
out on the basis of methodological manuals developed
in.
RESULTS
At the Rainfed Agricultural Research Institute, research
and evaluation of alfalfa crops at the selection stages,
selection of new lines with 10% higher hay and seed
yields, 3-5% higher foliage and 1-2% higher protein
content than the standard was carried out.
As a result of scientific research, new lines with a higher
level of foliage than standard varieties, high yield of hay
and seeds were isolated.
135 varieties of alfalfa samples were studied in
Lalmikor lands this year. Growth, height, branching,
foliage, green stem, hay and seed yield of alfalfa in dry
areas are important.
20 samples with high plant height were selected from
the planted sample area. These samples differed by 4-
5 cm in height compared to other samples: k-6219
(Mestny, Poland), k-6520 (Charta, FRG), k-6638
(Washoe SSHA), k-6643 (Mestnaya, Tripoli), k -6652
(BZ-422 Yugoslavia), k-7072 (USA, Caliverde, 35380) k-
7064 (Mongolia, 34705), the number of seedlings per 1
m2 and plant height of these samples were also higher
than other samples (Table 1).
According to the results of the experiment, these
selected samples were protected (isolation) from other
samples and their seeds were taken separately.
Table 1
Samples of alfalfa varieties in the area of samples valuable economic indicators (Gallaaral 2024)
№
Catalog №
Origin
Row
number
Developme
nt, day
The number
of seedlings
per 1 m
2
,
pcs
Plant
height,
cm
St
Aridnaya st
Gallaaral
1
15.02
13
90,1
1
k-6643
Mestnaya, Tripoli
2
13.02
17
95,2
2
k-6647
Egipet
2
12.02
13
96,3
3
k-6651
P.58/327, Yujnaya Afika
2
12.02
14
95,2
4
k-6652
BZ-422 Yugoslaviya
2
13.02
12
93,1
5
k-6721
Kokshe, Kazakstan
2
12.02
12
95,3
6
k-6734
Mestnaya, Kitay
2
13.02
11
92,2
7
k-7051
Местная Афганистан
2
12.02
15
92,4
8
к-7053
Аргентина
2
12.02
14
94,1
9
к-7064
Mongoli, 34705
2
13.02
12
91,4
10
к-7072
Caliverde, USA. 35380
2
12.02
12
92,2
11
k-6219
Mestny, ,Polsha
4
12.02
14
91,2
12
k-6222
Povlovskaya 7, Voronej
4
13.02
12
96,3
13
k-6335
Mestnaya, Siraya
4
14.02
12
95,2
14
k-6349
Mestnaya, Armeniya,
4
12.02
11
94,1
15
k-6520
Charta, FRG
4
13.02
15
93,3
16
k-6521
Pleven-1 Bolgariya
4
12.04
12
92,2
17
к-6523
Mestnaya, Marokko
4
12.04
18
92,4
18
k-6638
Washoe USA
2
13.04
12
94,1
19
k-1168
Provense English Grown
Lucerne
4
12.02
16
95.0
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American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations (ISSN: 2771-2559)
20
k-6185
Deteniskaya,
Chexoslovakiya
4
12.02
17
96.2
The parameters of the selected samples: height up to
90.1-96.3 cm, branching of the plant up to 5.6-7.1,
foliage 53.1-64.7% and blue stem yield up to 111.4-
148.5 centners per hectare, dry hay yield was 34.0-44.2
centners per hectare. In the model "Aridnaya" variety,
the height of the plant was 90.1 cm, the branching of
the plant was 5.6, the foliage was 53.1%, and the yield
of blue stems was 112.8 centners per hectare, and the
yield of dry hay was 34.0 centners per hectare. A full
description of these indicators is presented in Table 2.
Compared to the model variety, the variety samples
with higher all indicators in the sample nursery are
№5141, №3087, №6621, №35023, №7271, №3128,
№3099, №3007, №8882, №35540. These separated
samples will be sent to the next stage of the selection
process in the coming years. is learned in experiments.
Table 2
Valuable economic indicators of alfalfa variety samples in the field of samples (Gallaorol 2024)
№
Samples
name
Plant
height, cm
Branching,
piece
Endurance, %
Blue
stem, ts/ha
Hay,
ts/ha
1
Aridnaya
90,1
5,6
53,1
112,8
34,0
2
№ 3087
94,8
6,1
63,2
121,8
37,6
3
№ 3128
95,1
6,6
64,1
122,2
37,7
4
№ 1134
92,1
6,2
64,7
111,4
34,6
5
№ 8882
90,5
6,5
64,6
128,5
40,2
6
№2003/1
92,5
6,0
59,7
127,0
36,8
7
№ 2003/5
91,5
6,9
63,9
148,5
44,2
8
№ 2003/9
90,5
6,6
64,7
131,0
37,7
9
№ 2003/8
91,5
6,9
63,6
133,5
39,1
10
№ 2003/4
90,5
7,0
55,4
127,5
37,8
11
№ 2003/6
90,5
7,1
56,7
121,0
38,2
12
№ 5141
91,7
6,5
57,1
122,0
35,9
13
№ 6621
93,0
6,8
64,1
123,5
35,5
14
№ 7299
94,0
6,6
64,6
125,5
36,5
15
№ 3007
91,5
6,6
63,7
124,0
37,7
16
№ 35540
91,8
6,9
58,9
126,5
39,1
As a result of long-term selection, 60 varieties and lines
of alfalfa were studied in the 2nd year breeding nursery
for biological characteristics and valuable economic
traits. As a result of the experiments, the height of the
samples is in the range of 89.4-94.5 cm, the branching
of the plant is up to 6.1-7.3, the foliage is in the range
of 45.6-57.7%, and the yield of blue stem per hectare is
98-154.5 t/ha, dry hay productivity per hectare is 30.2-
53.3 tons/ha, seed productivity It was 0.6-2.2 ts/up.
According to the two-year results, the height of the
model "Aridnaya" variety was 89.4 cm, the branching
of the plant was 6.1, and the yield of green stems was
118.5 centners per hectare, the yield of dry hay was
36.2 centners per hectare, and the seed yield was 1.2
centners.
It can be seen from the data obtained from the
experimental sites No. 2006/1, No. 2007/5, No. 2007/9,
No. 2007/8, No. 2007/4, No. 2007/6, No. 2007/15, No.
2007/22, No. 2007/ 29 lines were found to be superior
in terms of all signs and characteristics compared to the
"Aridnaya" variety. The description of the lines that are
superior to the model variety in terms of valuable
economic characters and characteristics is presented in
Table 3.
Table 3
Valuable signs and characteristics of alfalfa varieties studied in the field of selection (Gallaaral 2024).
American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations
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American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations (ISSN: 2771-2559)
CONCLUSION
Plant height, plant branching, leafiness, yield of blue
stems of varieties No. 5141, No. 3087, No. 6621, No.
35023, No. 7271, No. 3128, No. 3099, No. 3007, No.
8882, No. 35540 in the nursery of samples compared to
the model variety. and dry hay yield was the highest.
These separated samples will be studied in experiments
for the next stage of the selection process in the coming
years.
No. 2006/1, No. 2007/5, No. 2007/9, No. 2007/8, No.
2007/4, No. 2007/6, No. 2007/15, No. 2007/22, No.
2007/29 studied from the 2nd year selection sites It
was found that the ridge pattern is superior in terms of
all signs and characteristics compared to the
"Aridnaya" variety.
REFERENCES
Ivanov A.I. “Lyutserna” Kolos. Moskva. 1988. s.48
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Isakov K. T. i dr. Lalmikor maydonlarda bedaning yuqori
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Isakov K. i dr. Lalmikor maydonlarda beda seleksiyasi
bo‘yicha
tadqiqot
natijalari
//prospects
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Isakov K., Xoldorov A., Qo‘shmatov B. Lalmikor
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//Yevraziyskiy
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akademicheskix
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–
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–
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S. 886-896.
№
Varieties and
lines
Plant height,
cm
Foliage rate, %
Branches,
piece
Blue stem
ts/ha
Hay, ts/ha
1
Aridnaya
89,4
45,6
6,1
118,5
36,2
2
2006/1
92,5
54,7
6,2
136,5
43,9
3
2007/5
91,5
48,6
6,8
154,5
51,3
4
2007/9
93,5
55,4
6,5
133,5
44,7
5
2007/8
94,5
57,7
7,2
140,5
44,3
6
2007/4
93,0
47,1
6,7
135,5
45,2
7
2007/6
92,5
46,1
7,3
137,5
45,9
8
2007/15
93,5
49,6
6,5
143,5
47,7
9
2007/22
90,5
48,7
6,6
138,5
46,1
10
2007/29
93,0
45,9
6,8
141,5
47,1
