Volume 03 Issue 11-2023
17
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
11
Pages:
17-22
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
7.063
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
This article analyzes the issues of manifestation of changes in the geoecological situation in the area's organic,
including plant life. The geosystems of the Lower Zarafshan natural geographic region located in the southwestern
part of Uzbekistan are considered in terms of the decline of flora under the influence of desertification, climate
change, and natural and anthropogenic factors.
KEYWORDS
Zarafshan River, geosystem, climate change, desertification, natural, anthropogenic, district, landscape, indicator,
vegetation.
Research Article
APPEARANCE OF CHANGES IN THE GEO-ECOLOGICAL SITUATION IN
THE VEGETATION OF THE REGION (IN THE EXAMPLE OF THE LOWER
PART OF THE ZARAFSHAN RIVER)
Submission Date:
November 20, 2023,
Accepted Date:
November 25, 2023,
Published Date:
November 30, 2023
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajast/Volume03Issue11-04
Anvar Rasulov
Head of the Department of Geography and its Teaching Methodology, Tashkent State Pedagogical University
named after Nizomi, PhD. Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Dilshad Dustnazarov
Tashkent State Pedagogical University named after Nizami is a student of the 1st stage of Master's degree in
the methodology of teaching exact and natural sciences (geography), Uzbekistan
Noila Gulmanova
Tashkent State Pedagogical University named after Nizami is a student of the 4th stage of The Bachelor's
degree in geography and economic knowledge, Uzbekistan
Dilobar Rakhmonova
Tashkent State Pedagogical University named after Nizami 4th-year student of the undergraduate study of the
basics of geography and economic knowledge, Uzbekistan
Alibabo Eshmetov
Tashkent State Pedagogical University named after Nizomi student of the 1st stage of the field of study of the
basics of geography and economic knowledge, evening section, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ajast
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 03 Issue 11-2023
18
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
11
Pages:
17-22
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
7.063
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
INTRODUCTION
In the humk push of stability in nature, all components,
including flora, fauna, have been a special place, and
the protection of the environment, fauna and flora in
Uzbekistan has been paid special attention since the
earliest periods of independence. Legislation was
passed, including The "Nature Conservation Act" (9
December 1992), the "Special Protected Areas Act" (7
May 1993), and the "conservation and use of the plant
World" (26 December 1997). These regulatory
documents are an important legal basis for the
preservation and preservation of flora and fauna.
The "Red Book"of Uzbekistan was established in 1979
and provides complete information on rare and
endangered species of fauna and flora.
To date, the Uzbek "red book"has been published five
times, in 1979, 1984, 1998, 2006, and 2009, with a total
of 301 plant species being included in the "Red Book",
the most recent published in 2009. This in turn was rich
in 138 species compared to the 1984 edition (163 in
1984). It can be seen that over the course of twenty-
five years, 138 species of plants have declined, or
several have completely disappeared from nature.
In the "Red Book", compiled and published in 2009,
plants are classified into
Groups (categories) according to the classification
developed by the International Union for Conservation
of Nature, which are:
1.
Species on the verge of being lost or lost.
Species that have not been found in nature for
several years, but are likely to persist only in
some difficult-to-harvest areas or in cultural
conditions.
2.
Endangered species. Species that require
special
protection
for
endangered
preservation.
3.
Rare species. Species that survive in specific
conditions in certain small areas, which can
disappear quickly and require serious control.
4.
Declining species. Species whose numbers and
scattered maidoias are shrinking for natural
reasons or under anthropogenic influence over
a certain period of time. Plants in this group will
need special control.
The plant world of the lower Zarafshan natural District
is the effective use of them, as well as conservation
measures Cherneva O.V (1962).Zakirov K (1971),, Pratov
U.P (1972)., Tojibaev K.Sh (2007) as reflected in the
research of researchers.
Lower Zarafshan County, although located in the
desert zone, is much richer in the organic world. More
than a thousand species of high plants are found in this
area. The desert section lists 580 species in 55 families,
while the Oasis section lists only 219 species of weeds.
Of the desert plants, 173 species are endemic to Central
Asia, while 18 species are found only in the Oasis [1,2,3].
The variety of soil types, relief conditions, the regime
of grunt water, the location of salts in the soil
determine whether plants vegetate under different
ecolrgic conditions. The Chunonchi, a rabbit-bone
group, is usually typical of disturbed sand dunes; those
around wells are abundant in the sands of the Reserve.
It is joined by male selenium, singrene and partek.
Wells are common in disturbed dunes in ATRO, as are
Circassian and juzghun. Cherkez and yulghun grow in
the dry forests of mahandarya, since the approach of
the grunt waters to the Earth's bet will have an impact
on this. In the sand Meadows, sand dunes, where
Volume 03 Issue 11-2023
19
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
11
Pages:
17-22
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
7.063
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
intensive mooning takes place, the juzghun group is
widely spread. If it is grown with the addition of a snake
and other plants, then the yield of pasture reaches 2-4
ts.
In the fortified dune and marzali dunes in the OASIS,
the oqsaksovul-ILO group is common. The productivity
of the pasture in this case reaches 3-5 ts. Gray-brown
soils on the ridges and residual heights in the Oasis are
often covered with Turon Wormwood. In the tairs and
in the ancient Delta thecistles, cairvuk, tethyr, boyalish
and blackcurrant grow.
In strongly salted shakhoks, plants of sarsazan and
blackberries grow. The weavers in the banks of the
Zarashon River have now almost disappeared, leaving
some small protected weevil landsheds intact. Turongil
yulghun are distributed in coastal parts of
mokhandarya and Taikir.
In our republic and, respectively, in lower Zarafshan
County, the flora and fauna of the territory decreased
as a result of extensive land acquisition (in deserts and
Chalas), industry (especially in the region, the
widespread development of fuel energy industries),
the organization of road infrastructures and other
anthropogenic influences, and several named plants
are included in the "Red Book"of Uzbekistan as lost,
disappearing, rare, declining species. Below we will
analyze these in detail:
1. Patsimon astragal (Astragalus plumtus Boriss). The
rarity rate is 2. It is a rare endemic species in
Uzbekistan. Shrub, up to 60 cm tall, branches
branched, large, straight, with white hairs, covered
with thick thorns, reaching 4-6 CM in length. Bukhara,
Samarkand, provinces: Kyzylkum, Konimex, atroida,
Pomr-Oloy, Zirabulo-ziyovuddin mountains and nurota
range. Grows singly and forming small clusters. No
special conservation measures have been developed
[4].
2. The Lemann Tulip (Tulipa lehmnian Mercki) has a
rarity of 3. It is a very rare species in Uzbekistan.
Perennial onion grass between 15-25 cm tall. The
appearance of the onion is ovoid, reaching 1.5-4 cm in
diameter. It is found in the territory of Bukhara, Navoi,
Jizzakh regions, including in the Kizilum desert in the
regions of Konimex, Tomdi, in addition, in Kazakhstan,
Turkmenistan, Tajikistan. Grows singly and in small
groups. It has been grown in the Botanical Garden of
the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan
and in the Botanical Garden of Khojand (Tajikistan)
since 1956. It is recommended that growing areas be
monitored as conservation measures[5].
3. Turkestan zulofia Eulophia turkestanica (Litv/)
Schiecht. The rarity rate is 2. The areali of Southern
Central Asia is an isolated rare, endemous plant. Hairy,
yellow-purple, perennial grass between 35-50 CM in
height. It is mainly distributed in the regions of
Bukhara, Navoi, Samarkand, Surkhandarya, including in
the Valley of the Zarafshan River, around Karmana,
Konimex, between the villages of Jarqurgan and
Surkhan, around the city of Denov. Grows to form low-
spreading, not very large balls. There is no data on
culturelationability. No special conservation measures
have been developed. It is necessary to determine the
number and distribution and study the growth in
nature and without culture [6].
4. Matthew kandimi Calligonum matteianum Drobov.
The rarity rate is 2. A rare, endemous plant that is
combed in small areas of the caterpillar. Height 70-150
CM slightly-a branching shrub with curved elbows.
Bukhara Karakol oases, scattered around Sea Kol, can
also be found in Turkmenistan. Grows in very small
quantities in small areas, mainly in reinforced sand
heaps. The plant has declined as a result of continuous
Volume 03 Issue 11-2023
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American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
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VOLUME
03
ISSUE
11
Pages:
17-22
SJIF
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MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
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)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
7.063
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
livestock use and use of growing fields as firewood.
There are no known cultured records. No special
conservation measures have been developed. It is
necessary to regulate the grazing of livestock as well as
to prohibit the cutting of wood in the SIAT [7].
5. The Palesky candy Calligonum paletzcifnum Litv. The
rarity rate is 2. A rare, endemous plant that is combed
in small areas of the caterpillar. Height 100-200 CM
slightly-a branching shrub with curved elbows.
Distributed around the seaside in lower Zarashon, it is
also found in Turkmenistan and Tajikistan. Rare. Small-
grows to form small balls. An attempt was made to
grow it in the FA Botanical Garden.
No special conservation measures have been
developed [8].
6. Merkulovich's fly Climacoptera merkulowiczii
(Zkirov) Botsch. The rarity rate is 2. It is a rare endemic
species that is combed in the redcurrant. Annual
herbaceous plant. Height 10-40 CM. The structure is
thick, with a short branching tangle of hairs that
diminish later. Distributed in lower Zarashon County as
well as Kyzylkum. Grows mainly on saline soils. small-
grows to form small balls. The number of plants and
the reasons for the change in areale.as it can be shown
the irregular feeding of livestock. There is no
information about its culturation. No special
conservation measures have been developed [9].
7. The Horned hairy eremostaxis Eremostachys
eriolarynx Pazij et Vved. The rarity rate is 1. A very rare
endemic plant in the Daisy. Brief description: perennial
grass that reaches 20-30 cm in height. The STEM is
thick, covered with simple snapping hairs. Bukhara
region: distributed in Kyzylkum. It is also found in
Kazakhstan. Grows on soils of Sur-brown color on
plains.
It was first plucked from the karak desert in 1871 and
from the eastern foothills of the karak mountain in the
same year (Chimkent region of Kazakhstan). The last
one was found near the village of Yangiquduq
(Bukhara region) under Gijduvan district in 1956. In
recent years, organized expeditions to find this species
have ended without result.
The main reason for the change in the number of plants
and areale is indicated by the irregular feeding of
livestock. There is no data on the culturing of the plant.
No special conservation measures have been
developed. Expeditions should be organized in order
to determine the preserved places [10].
1. Saugd karragi Cousiniyaogdiana Bornm. The rarity
rate is 1. A very rare endemic plant, growing in small
areas in Uzbekistan. Brief description: a biennial herb
with a thin wing with a dense pubescence with a stem
that reaches 70 cm in height.. The distribution is mainly
concentrated on the banks of the lower Qsmi of the
Zarashon river, in some areas of Qizilqum. Grows
singly, mainly in fortified sands and sand heaps.
Irregular cattle grazing as well as other anthropogenic
effects are cited as reasons for the change in plant
numbers and areale. There is no data on the culturing
of the plant. Conservation measures. it is
recommended to establish control over species
growing in natural conditions [11].
In conclusion, it can be said that biodiversity is present
in all ecosystems on Earth. The loss and decline of one
species creates inconveniences for different species,
with zero species always interwoven with one. As a
result of the lack of rational use of Natural Resources,
many species and non-native components are at risk.
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Volume 03 Issue 11-2023
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American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
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2771-2745)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
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Pages:
17-22
SJIF
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FACTOR
(2021:
5.
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)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
7.063
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
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American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
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VOLUME
03
ISSUE
11
Pages:
17-22
SJIF
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FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
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(2022:
5.
705
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(2023:
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Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
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