Volume 03 Issue 10-2023
48
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
10
Pages:
48-51
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
7.063
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
Oil and gas are the main energy resources that play a key role in the economies of all developed countries of the world.
The products of their processing are used in almost all industries, in all types of transport, in construction, agriculture,
energy, everyday life, etc. Also, a variety of chemical materials, plastics, synthetic fibres, rubbers, etc. are produced
from oil and gas in large quantities. varnishes, paints, detergents, mineral fertilizers and much more. The use of oil and
gas determines the level of economic development and life of modern man.
KEYWORDS
Oil sludge, recycling, methods, pollution, equipment, oil refining waste.
INTRODUCTION
In our world, one of the most pressing problems is the
processing of oil sludge that has accumulated in the oil
traps of oil refineries. Accumulated oil sludge leads to
contamination of soil and vegetation cover, soil
erosion, desertification and, as a consequence, a
decrease in the land fund and its simplification, as well
as local deterioration of ecosystems. At the moment,
oil refineries do not process accumulated oil sludge, so
Research Article
ECOLOGICAL ISSUES OF THE SAFETY OF OIL AND OIL PRODUCTS WASTE
DISPOSAL
Submission Date:
October 20, 2023,
Accepted Date:
October 25, 2023,
Published Date:
October 30, 2023
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajast/Volume03Issue10-10
A. Sadikov
Professor,
Tashkent State Technical University Named After Islam Karimov, Department “Machines And
Equipment Of The Oil And Gas Industry And Pipeline Transport Systems” Republic Of Uzbekistan, Tashk
ent,
Universität 2 Street, Uzbekistan
D.P. Radjibaev
Tashkent State Technical University Named After Islam Karimov,Republic Of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
A.M. Nizamov
Senior Lecturer, Tashkent State Technical University Named After Islam Karimov, Republic Of Uzbekistan,
Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ajast
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 03 Issue 10-2023
49
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
10
Pages:
48-51
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
7.063
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
processing and obtaining a secondary product from oil
sludge of impregnating construction bitumen is an
urgent problem [1].
As a result of oil production, transportation, processing
and storage, oil waste - oil sludge - is formed. Every
year, reserves of oil sludge increase and accumulate in
specially built storage facilities, occupying vast
territories and causing great environmental damage.
The article is devoted to an analysis of the sources of
oil pollution and their impact on the components of the
natural environment. A review of existing thermal
methods for treating hydrocarbon-containing waste is
provided. The main advantages and disadvantages
inherent in the considered methods are noted. Modern
installations and developments aimed at improving the
processing of waste petroleum products are analyzed.
The most promising method for neutralizing carbon-
containing waste has been established. The obtained
result can be used by oil refining and oil production
enterprises to create a more efficient technology for
recycling waste oil products and related equipment.
The energy direction in the use of oil still remains the
main one throughout the world. Oil and natural gas are
also irreplaceable sources of energy; they have a high
calorific value and are cheap compared to other types
of fuel. Sources of oil pollution. With the development
of technology, oil consumption is increasing. About
400 million tons of oil are produced annually in Russia
[2], of which from 1.5% to 10% (4.5% million tons per
year) are lost during production and transportation,
leading to catastrophic environmental pollution [3 ].
The republic has achieved certain theoretical and
practical results in the field of recycling and production
of secondary products, and raw materials from oil
sludge for construction, chemical and automotive
industries. The action strategy for the further
development of the Republic of Uzbekistan provides
for the tasks of “raising industry by transferring it to a
qualitatively new level, further intensifying the
production of finished products based on deep
processing of local raw materials, mastering the
production of new types of products and
technologies.” In this area, among other things,
scientific research on the utilization of hydrocarbon
waste and the creation of an energy-saving
technological line for obtaining a secondary product
from oil sludge are important [4].
Recycling of oil sludge generated at oil refineries and
development of new waste-free technology for
producing construction bitumen.
Determination of the concentration of water and fine
solid particles in the composition of the studied oil
sludge;
determination of the amount of light fractions in the
composition of the diluted test oil sludge;
development of a technological line for producing
construction bitumen from oil sludge;
We produce gasoline in a container for mixing oil
sludge to dissolve both particles.
After which the container was mixed with a rotary
mixer, then the raw material was sent to a
hydrocyclone using a centrifugal pump, and in the
hydrocyclone it was separated into two parts, light and
heavy. The heavy ones are sent to waste, the light ones
are sent to the semi-finished product and after the
hydrocyclone goes to the distillation column.
When hydrocarbon feedstock enters the distillation
column, it undergoes a single evaporation, resulting in
the formation of an equilibrium vapour-liquid mixture.
Volume 03 Issue 10-2023
50
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
10
Pages:
48-51
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
7.063
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
The resulting upward flow of a mixture of hydrocarbon
vapours and stripping agent from the cube rises up the
column and sequentially passes through all the contact
plates located in its exhaust and reinforcing parts.
According to [5,6], four nonequilibrium flows pass
through each mass transfer plate of the column: liquid
flowing from the upper plate; vapours coming from the
lower plate; liquid draining onto the underlying plate
along the overflow plate and vapours evaporated from
the composition of the liquid in the plate rising to the
overlying plate.
The hydrocarbon feedstock heated to 305-345 C in a
vapor-liquid state enters the feed plate of the
distillation column, and the stripping agent with a
temperature of 270-275 C is supplied to the bottom of
the column cube using the open method. If necessary,
the operating temperature of the raw materials in the
cube can be raised using an electric heater.
During the process, liquid from the upper plate flows
into the lower plate along the overflow plate, where
the temperature of the process is higher. Therefore,
part of the low-boiling fractions evaporates from the
liquid, forming a flow of vapours, as a result of which
the concentration of the latter in the liquid
composition decreases. On the other hand, rising
vapours from the lower plate fall on the overlying
plate, where the temperature regime is lower than in
the lower plate. In this case, part of the high-boiling
fractions from the steam condenses on the upper
plate, passing into the liquid phase.
In its most simplified form, oil sludges are
multicomponent stable aggregative physicochemical
systems, consisting mainly of petroleum products,
water and mineral additives (sand, clay, metal oxides,
etc.) [5,7]. The main reason for the formation of oil
sludge is the physical and chemical interaction of oil
products in the volume of a specific oil-receiving device
with moisture, atmospheric oxygen and mechanical
impurities. As a result of such processes, partial
oxidation of the original petroleum products occurs
with the formation of resin-like compounds. The
penetration of moisture and mechanical impurities into
the petroleum product leads to the formation of
water-oil emulsions and mineral dispersions. Since any
sludge is formed as a result of interaction with an
environment specific in its conditions and over a
certain period of time, there are no sludges identical in
composition and physical and chemical characteristics
in nature [8].
Physico-chemical and thermophysical properties of a
mixture of oil sludge with gasoline and their fractions
obtained by distillation.
In the periodic operating mode of the installation, with
the sequential production of distillates of fuel
fractions, first gasoline fractions, and then kerosene
and diesel fuel. In subsequent experiments, the
distillation of raw materials was carried out in a
continuous installation mode, with degassing of the
resulting distillates of kerosene and diesel fuel
fractions in a stripping column.
Thus, based on the research carried out on the dilution
of oil sludge, the following conclusions can be drawn:
the output is at the beginning of the dissolution of oil
sludge, we distil the gasoline fraction and a residue will
remain, and after the deasphalting process, it is
possible to obtain bitumen products from oil sludge.
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Dvoskin G.I., Grishin A.A., Molchanova I.V. and
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–
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Volume 03 Issue 10-2023
51
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
10
Pages:
48-51
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
7.063
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
2.
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