Volume 03 Issue 06-2023
26
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
06
Pages:
26-29
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
7.063
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
Grouting cement is a type of Portland cement designed to insulate pipes of oil and gas wells and protect them from
groundwater pressure, shifts of ground layers, and the negative effects of aggressive media. When solidified, the
cement mortar forms a monolithic jacket, impermeable to liquids and gases. The material adheres firmly to the metal
pipe and to the walls of the trunk drilled in the rock. The use of grouting cement creates conditions for safe operation
of wells and prolongs their working period. In traditional construction, this type of Portland cement is not used. The
exception is the foundation of drilling piles in difficult geological conditions. That's whay, the article presents the
investigation of grouting cement with the basis of substandard raw materials.
KEYWORDS
cement, grouting, raw materials, portland cement, element, production, substandard.
INTRODUCTION
Grouting Portland cement (TPC) is a special type of
Portland cement designed for grouting oil and gas
wells. It is made by joint grinding of a mixture
consisting of Portland cement clinker and gypsum,
taken in such quantity as is necessary to regulate the
setting time and hardening of the cement dough
during well plugging. Grouting cement is produced
according to GOST 1581-96 of the following types:
–
type I
–
grouting Portland cement without additives;
–
type I-G
–
grouting Portland cement without additives
with normalized requirements with a water
–
cement
ratio equal to 0.44; - type I
–
H - grouting Portland
cement
without
additives
with
normalized
requirements with a water-cement ratio equal to 0.38;
Research Article
EXPANSION OIL WELL CEMENT BASED ON SUBSTANDARD RAW
MATERIALS
Submission Date:
June 05, 2023,
Accepted Date:
June 10, 2023,
Published Date:
June 15, 2023
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajast/Volume03Issue06-06
Sadikova Adalat Maratovna
Assistant of The Department of Chemical Technology, Karakalpak State University, Uzbekistan
Artikova Gulnoza Arislan Qizi
2nd Year Student of Karakalpak State University, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ajast
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 03 Issue 06-2023
27
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
06
Pages:
26-29
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
7.063
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
–
type II
–
grouting portland cement with mineral
additives;
–
type III
–
grouting Portland cement with
special additives regulating the density of cement
dough [5; 2-22].
One of the elements involved in the production
process of all Processing Industries is raw materials,
since it is impossible to produce products without raw
materials. Raw materials are said to be an item of labor
in which a certain amount of Labor was spent on
mining or production, and which, as a result of this
Labor, changed unevenly [2; 84-92]. During the
production process, the raw material forms a finished
product or semi-fabricate. As a result, the full value of
raw materials goes to the gross product, which takes
the form of a commodity.
Mineral raw materials are various minerals extracted
from mines. The subsoil of Uzbekistan is very rich in
types of minerals. The so-called kokhna deposits and
their remains are evidence of the fact that mining on
the territory of Uzbekistan has developed since time
immemorial. To date, more than 3,000 mineral
deposits have been identified in the country, 1,100 of
which are ready for mining, in particular, 50 of them are
original, 41 are colored, rare radioactive and ferrous
metals, 187 are fuel and energy, 19 are mining, 45 are
mining raw materials, as well as building materials,
groundwater and other mineral deposits. The prospect
of Uzbekistan's underground wealth is enormous. Only
20-25% of the territory of the Republic was subject to
geological exploration. About 90 oil fields of industrial
importance have been opened on the territory of
Uzbekistan, of which 36 are in the category of oil, 24
are in the category of oil-gas and gas-oil, 26 are in the
category of oil-gas condensate fields. Oil and gas from
mamalakat have been found in Fergana, Surkhandarya,
Hisor, Bukhara, Khiva and Islet-Ustyurt regions.
The chemical suitability of waste as raw materials is an
important factor: they must provide the required
chemical and phase composition of the clinker
produced. The primary necessary chemical compounds
are 107 materials containing lime, silicon, aluminum and
iron, as well as sulfur, alkalis and other elements, which
should be classified into groups according to their
chemical composition. When using waste, the oxides
contained in them are bound during the firing process
into a clinker, as in the case of firing raw materials. They
contain, like raw materials, oxides of calcium (CaO),
silicon (SiO2), aluminum (A12O3) and iron (Fe2O3). The
ash of power plants (fly ash), blast furnace and other
slags, belite sludge and other materials can partially
replace natural raw materials [3; 54-60]. Fly ash can be
used as a raw material in the production of clinker
(mainly as a component containing aluminum oxide)
and as an additive during grinding in the production of
cement. It can replace up to 50% of Portland cement
clinker. Moreover, modern by-products of gypsum
production are suitable by themselves for use as a
sulfate component. Table 2.6 shows the waste used as
a raw material, distributed into different groups
according to their chemical composition.
Table 2.6
—
List of wastes classified by their chemical composition that can be used as raw materials in cement
kilns (according to [41])
Volume 03 Issue 06-2023
28
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
06
Pages:
26-29
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
7.063
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
Raw Materials Group
Waste used as raw materials
Са — group
Industrial lime (limestone waste) Lime sludge
Calcium carbide sludge Drinking water purification
sludge
Si — group
Molding Casting sand
Sand
Fe — group
Blast furnace and converter slag Pyrite cinders
Synthetic hematite Red sludge
AI — group
Industrial sludge
Si-AI-Ca — group
Ash-entrainment Slags Small crushing screenings,
earth (soil)
Raw Materials Group
Waste used as raw materials
S — group
Industrial gypsum waste
F — group
CaF2, sludge after fi
Up to 15% caustic magnesite is injected into the
expanding grouting cement for gas wells, during
hydration of which the volume of cement stone
increases by 0.1
–
0.2%. When grouting high
–
temperature wells, sandy and weighted grouting
cement is used - a product of joint grinding of clinker
with 25-45% quartz sand, 40-60% of high-density
materials (hematite, magnetite, etc.) are then added to
this composition. The density of such a solution is 2-
2.5g/cm3 [4].
panding grouting cement based on substandard raw
materials is a material that is used to fill and seal wells
in the oil and gas industry. It contains expanders that
allow it to expand upon contact with water or other
liquids, which provides good tightness and protection
against the penetration of liquids and gases.
The main raw materials for the production of
expanding grouting cement are powders of limestone,
clay, slag, ash and other industrial waste. These
materials may be substandard, that is, they do not
meet quality standards for use in other industries.
The production of expanding grouting cement based
on substandard raw materials has a number of
advantages. Firstly, it is economically advantageous,
since raw materials can be obtained at a lower price.
Secondly, it helps to reduce the amount of industrial
Volume 03 Issue 06-2023
29
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
06
Pages:
26-29
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
7.063
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
waste and reduce the negative impact on the
environment.
However, the use of substandard raw materials can
affect the quality and properties of cement. Therefore,
before using such cement, it is necessary to conduct
thorough testing and quality control.
CONCLUSION
To sum up, a special kind of Portland cement called
grouting cement is used to shield oil and gas well
tubing from hostile media, groundwater pressure, and
shifting ground layers. The cement mortar hardens into
a monolithic jacket that is impervious to liquids and
gases. There are several benefits to making expanding
grouting cement from inferior source materials. First
and foremost, it is helpful economically because raw
materials may be acquired for less money. Second, it
aids in lowering the volume of industrial waste and the
harm it causes to the environment. However, cement's
quality and qualities might be impacted by the use of
inferior raw materials. Therefore, careful testing and
quality control must be done prior to employing this
cement.
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ПЕРЕРАБОТКА
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