Volume 02 Issue 06-2022
68
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
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2771-2745)
VOLUME
02
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06
Pages:
68-74
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.
ABSTRACT
The data was obtained based on the studied systems and technological studies, which served as the scientific basis
for the recommendation of obtaining seed dressing agents based on acetic acid, monoethanolamine, copper acetate
monohydrate and ethanolammonium compounds of acetic acid, are presented. And also, the results of tests of
dressing agents were obtained on the basis of acetic acid as stimulants in the field, as well as against root rot, homoza.
It was shown on cotton crops that the tested preparations exhibit fairly good fungicidal and stimulating activity and
can be used as dressing agents for cotton seeds and stimulants of plant growth and development.
Research Article
AGROCHEMICAL EFFICIENCY OF SEED PROTECTORS BASED ON ACETIC
ACID
Submission Date:
June 10, 2022,
Accepted Date:
June 15, 2022,
Published Date:
June 25, 2022
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajast/Volume02Issue06-10
Orazbayeva Aisara Askarovna
Doctor Of Philosophy (Phd), Senior Researcher Of The Laboratory “Nitrogen Complex Fertilizers And
Stimulators. Supramolecular Branch”, Academy Of Sciences Of The Republic Of Uzbekistan, Tashkent,
Uzbekistan
Zakirov Baxtiar Sabirjanovich
Doctor Of Chemical Sciences, Professor, Head Of The Laboratory “Nitrogen Complex Fertilizers And Stimulators.
Supramolecular Branch”, Academy Of Sciences Of The Republic Of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Kucharov Baxrom Xayrievich
Doctor Of Technical Sciences, Head Of The Department “Nitrogen Complex Fertilizers And Stimulators.
Supramolecular Branch”. Academy Of Sciences Of The Republic Of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Dzhumanova Ziyada Keunimzhaevna
Candidate Of Chemical Sciences, Associate Professor Of The Department Of Physical And Well Chemistry, Ksu
Named After Berdakh, Nukus, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ajast
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 02 Issue 06-2022
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American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
06
Pages:
68-74
SJIF
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(2021:
5.
705
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(2022:
5.
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OCLC
–
1121105677
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IF
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KEYWORDS
Monoethanolamine, copper carbonate, acetic acid ethanolammonium compounds, seed dressers, gummosis, root
rot.
INTRODUCTION
In the world, cotton growing and grain growing are the
most important sectors of the agricultural economy. In
conditions of concentration and specialization of
agricultural production, the role of fungicides and seed
dressings increases significantly. These drugs are
designed to protect plants from diseases and occupy
the third place in terms of production in agricultural
technology. Plant disease usually occurs in the field
before harvest. For most grain, vegetable and
industrial forage crops, the main source of the disease
is infected seeds.
Currently, research is being carried out in the world to
develop the production of highly effective seed
treaters. In this regard, an important task is the
development and improvement of the technology for
obtaining seed treaters with the involvement of
economically available raw materials in industrial
production. To do this, it is necessary to substantiate a
number of existing scientific solutions, including in the
following areas: determining the optimal technological
parameters for obtaining seed dressings based on
copper
acetate
monohydrate
and
monoethanolammonium salts of carboxylic acids;
development
of
resource-
and
energy-saving
technology for processing man-made waste from the
production of acetic acid.
Analysis of the collected information on the main
preparations for the pre-sowing treatment of seeds
recommended and currently used in the country
indicates that their existing range does not meet the
current level of requirements imposed by agriculture.
The functional spectra of the existing ranges of
preparations for pre-sowing seed treatment are
limited and insufficient, their protective actions are
aimed only at the destruction of one or at most two
pathogens of plant diseases, harmful objects and soil
infection. This leads to the conclusion that it is
necessary to search for and create new, more
advanced preparations for pre-sowing seed treatment
that have a multifunctional effect.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Studies by the method of isomolar series were carried
out by pouring isoconcentrate (isomolar) solutions of
the components in various ratios, but at a constant
sum of the initial volumes, and at the same time, the
viscosity, density, refractive index, and pH of the
solutions were measured.
The isomolar series method is also called the
Ostromyslensky-Job method [1]. The condition of the
study, but the method of isomolar series is to maintain
the constancy of the concentration of the solvent, i.e.
study of solutions lying on sections А-В, А2-В2. Usually,
a study by the method of isomolar series is carried out
by draining isoconcentrate (most often, isomolar)
solutions of the components in various ratios, but with
a constant sum of initial volumes. The isomolarity of
Volume 02 Issue 06-2022
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American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
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2771-2745)
VOLUME
02
I
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Pages:
68-74
SJIF
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(2022:
5.
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OCLC
–
1121105677
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–
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the solvent (i.e., “movement” along straight lines
parallel to the side AB) in this case is observed quite
accurately only when working with dilute solutions
when the difference in the molar fraction of the
solvent in the initial solutions of the components can
be neglected. The study of the system can be carried
out at a constant molar ratio of components A and B.
Separation of the liquid from the solid phase was
carried out using a Schott filter No. 3.4.
Experimental data on the study of the solubility of the
systems are summarized in tables, and the content of
the components is expressed in mass per cent. On the
basis of the obtained results, the "composition-
property" diagrams of the system under study were
constructed [2].
X-ray patterns of the original and synthesized new
compounds were taken on a Dron-2 diffractometer
with filtered copper radiation, voltage 25 kV, current
strength 8 mA, with a counter speed of 2 deg/min. [3].
Tables [4] were used to calculate the interplanar
spacings, and the relative intensity of the 1/10 lines was
determined as a percentage of the most pronounced
reflection at the maximum.
IR absorption spectra were recorded in the range 400–
4000 cm–1 on a Nicolet AVATAR-360 instrument. The
spectra of both initial and new compounds were taken
by pressing the sample with potassium bromide or
rubbing it in vaseline oil [5–6].
Thermogravimetric analysis was carried out on a
derivatograph copper acetate monohydrate -Budachet
[7] at a heating rate of substances 10-12 deg/min at a
maximum temperature of 900 °C. Platinum-rhodium
thermocouples isolated from substances were used.
The analysis was carried out in platinum crucibles with
a lid. The sensitivity of the galvanometers was DTA-1/10,
DTG-1/15;
In quantitative chemical analysis, well-known methods
of analytical chemistry were used, in particular: the
content of elemental analysis of nitrogen, carbon, and
hydrogen was carried out according to the procedure
[10], and the content of copper was carried out
according to the method of atomic absorption
spectroscopy. On a RE-3030V spectrophotometer.
Results and discussions
To substantiate the process of obtaining protectants
of complex action. We have studied the solubility in the
CH3COOH∙NH2C2H4OH-(CH3COO)2Cu∙H2O-H2O
system using the isothermal method [11]. With the
study of the system, it was found that the formation of
a
compound
of
the
composition:
CH3COOH∙NH2C2H4OH∙(CH3COO)2Cu∙H2O
in
crystalline form occurs, and in the second system [70%
CH3COOH+30%H2O]-NH2C2H4OH-(CH3COO)2Cu∙H2O-
H2O,
compound
-
CH3COOH∙NH2C2H4OH∙(CH3COO)2Cu∙H2O - in a liquid
state. Studies have shown that the neutralization of 70
and 99.6% acetic acid with monoethanolamine leads to
the formation of monoethanolammonium salts of this
acid. In this regard, we have studied the production of
seed treaters of complex action, synthesized based on
70 and 99.6% acetic acid, monoethanolamine and
copper acetate monohydrate. Based on the study of
the solubility diagram and rheological properties of the
above systems, the optimal compositions of cotton
seed disinfectants with stimulating and fungicidal
properties were selected [12, 13].
The optimal composition of cotton seed disinfectants
with stimulating properties was experimentally
revealed at the following ratios of components:
[CH3COOH:NH2C2H4OH:(CH3COO)2Cu∙H2O=1:1:1] in
solid
state
and
[70%CH3COOH:NH2C2H4OH:(CH3COO)2Cu∙H2O=1:1:1]
in liquid state.
Agrochemical tests of the synthesized solid and liquid
compounds
of
the
CH3COOH∙NH2C2H4OH∙(CH3COO)2Cu∙H2O type have
established that the preparations obtained not only
have a fungicidal effect but also significantly stimulate
Volume 02 Issue 06-2022
71
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
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2771-2745)
VOLUME
02
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Pages:
68-74
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(2021:
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(2022:
5.
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OCLC
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1121105677
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plant growth, which ultimately contributes to an
increase in the yield of raw cotton.
The preparations were tested by the method of pre-
sowing treatment of cotton seeds of the C-6524 variety
with a consumption rate of 4 litres per ton of seeds. As
a reference, the preparation "P-4" 65% s.c. was used.
with the same rate of consumption. To carry out the
experiments, pubescent untreated cotton seeds were
placed in a 5-litre flask and an aqueous solution of the
studied preparation was added with continuous
rotation at the rate of 10 ml of working solution per
kilogram of seeds. Then the seeds were unloaded from
the flask, dried at room temperature and used for
sowing.
During the growing season of cotton, the number of
ascended plants (field germination), including those
affected by root rot (by seedlings) and gummosis (in
the phase of formation of 1-2n / leaves) according to
the natural background of these diseases, as well as
phenological
records
of
plant
growth
and
development.
Laboratory test data showed that if the germination
energy of untreated (control) seeds reached 89.0%,
then under the influence of the studied samples it
increased by 1-4% and ranged from 90.4-93.2%, with the
highest value being noted in the application of the
sample under No. 1. The samples had a similar effect on
the general germination of cotton seeds. Moreover, it
should be noted that according to these indicators, the
studied samples were superior to the P-4 preparation
taken as a comparison standard. This was also
confirmed by the field germination records.
When calculating the number of plants affected by
gummosis, it was found that in the control plots they
were on average 12 pcs/case, which corresponded to
6.8% of the natural background of the lesion. On the
plots of the variant of the use of the reference
preparation "P-4", the number of diseased plants did
not exceed an average of 2 pcs/div or 1.1%, which is
83.8% of the biological efficiency. The biological
efficiency of the studied samples was significantly
lower. In the variant using sample No. 1, it averaged
61.8%, sample No. 2-25.0%, and sample No. 3-44.1%
(Table 1). Thus, the studied samples were ineffective
against homosis.#
Table 1. Influence of seed treaters on the disease infestation of cotton seedlings
Experi-
ence
options
Consum
ption
rateа
l/t
Seed
germination, %
Clarified
seeds, pcs
per plot
The average number of seedlings per plot
germina
tion
energy
germina
tion
only on
21.05
Incl.
affected by
root rot
Biol.
efficient
. %
In T.Ch.
affected
by
gummosi
s
Biol.
efficient
. %
pcs. %
pcs
%
Volume 02 Issue 06-2022
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VOLUME
02
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Control
-
89,0
93,0
200
176
34 19,3
-
12 6,8
-
П-4, 65%
с.к
эталон
4
90,4
93,2
200
179
6
3,3
82,9
2
U
83,8
№1
4
93,2
98,0
200
190
6
3,2
83,4
5 2,6
61,8
№2
4
90,1
94,3
200
177
22 12,4 35,8
9 5,1
25,0
№3
4
91,3
96,1
200
185
15
8,1
58,0
7 3,8
44,1
The positive effect of samples No. 1 and No. 3 was also
noted in the formation of reproductive organs. So, if
during the accounting on 02.08. the number of ovaries
and bolls in the control was 9.4 and 4.9 pcs/plant,
respectively, in the variant using samples No. 1-14.3 and
6.2 pcs/plant. In the variant of using sample No. 3,
these figures were 11.2 and 5.4 pieces/plant,
respectively (Table 2).
Table 2. The influence of the studied samples on the yield of cotton variety c-6524 (pre-sowing seed treatment)
If in the control, the yield of raw cotton from open bolls
averaged 28.1 g/plant, and the gross yield was 40.8
g/plant, then in the options for using sample No. 1,
these figures were 33.0 and 45.0 g/plant, respectively.
, i.e. received additionally at 4.9 and 4.2 g/plant,
respectively.
The increase in the yield of raw cotton in the variant of
the application of sample No. 3 amounted to 3.7 and
3.0 g/plant, respectively. In the variant of the
application of the preparation "P-4", the increase in
yield was, although reliable, less pronounced and
reached 2.8 g/plant from open boxes and 2.1 g/plant for
the gross harvest.
Experience
Options
Norm
expense
l/t
Raw cotton harvest
From open boxes
Gross
g/rast
Addition to
control
g/rast
Control Gain
g/rast
%
g/rast
in, %
Control
-
28.1
-
40.8
-
-
#1
4.0
33.0
4.9
17.4
45.0
4.2
10.3
#2
4.0
30.5
2.4
8.5
42.5
1.7
4.2
Number 3
4.0
31.8
3.7
13.2
43.8
3.0
7.4
P-4
4.0
30.9
2.8
10.0
42.9
2.1
5.1
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Results of the conducted primary field trials indicate
that the sample under No. 1, used by the method of
presowing treatment of cotton seeds, to a certain
extent, exhibits fungicidal properties, protecting
cotton seedlings from root rot (biological efficiency
83.4%) and gummosis (61.8%), and also has a
stimulating activity that has a beneficial effect on the
development of cotton plants and is expressed in the
formation of an additional number of cotton bolls and
their faster maturation. This contributed to obtaining
an additional yield of raw cotton in the amount of 4.9
(first harvest) and 4.2 (gross yield) g/plant.
Sample No. 3 showed only stimulating properties,
which made it possible to obtain an additional 3.7 and
3.0 g/plant of the raw cotton crop at the first and gross
harvest, respectively.
Thus, the results of tests of disinfectants obtained on
the basis of acetic acid, its production waste, cuprous
oxide, copper carbonate, monoethanolammonium
acetate and copper acetate monohydrate: to combat
root rot, gummosis, and also as stimulants in the field
on cotton crops showed that the tested preparations
exhibit sufficiently good fungicidal and stimulating
activity and can be further used as disinfectants for
cotton seeds and stimulators of plant growth and
development.
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Оразбаева А.А., Нарходжаев А.Х., Кучаров
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Изучение
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Publisher:
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взаимодействия
в
системе
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Cu•H2O. Химический журнал Казахстана.
Алма-Ата. №4 (31). с.91-97.
