Volume 02 Issue 05-2022
55
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
05
Pages:
55-60
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.582
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
Over the past decades, the efficiency of industrial vehicles, their power, economic and environmental performance,
reliability and durability have increased significantly. Despite this, fleet operating experience shows that a significant
proportion of vehicles are operated with malfunctions that lead to a decrease in their performance.
KEYWORDS
Injector, fuel pump, vehicles, the nozzle sprayer.
INTRODUCTION
Particularly relevant at the present time is the
improvement of diesel diagnostic systems. At present,
diagnostic systems are widely used, both in the form of
stationary instrument complexes and embedded
Research Article
THE ADVANTAGES OF DIAGNOSING WHILE DRIVING AND REPAIRING
CAR ENGINES
Submission Date:
May 05, 2022,
Accepted Date:
May 15, 2022,
Published Date:
May 26, 2022
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajast/Volume02Issue05-11
Dehqonov Qodirjon Maxamat o’g’li
Assistant, Fergana Polytechnic Institute, Fergana, Uzbekistan
Odilov Jahongir Anvarjon o’g’li
Master's Degree Student, Fergana Polytechnic Institute, Fergana, Uzbekistan
Mo’ydinov Nodirjon Xomid o’g’li
Assistant, Fergana Polytechnic Institute, Fergana, Uzbekistan
Nu’monov Sherzod Foziljon o’g’li
Master's Degree Student, Fergana Polytechnic Institute, Fergana, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ajast
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 02 Issue 05-2022
56
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
05
Pages:
55-60
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.582
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
diagnostic systems. However, the use of built-in
diagnostics increases the cost of vehicles using
computer-based engine control systems by 2-5 percent
[1-3].
Existing methods and instrumental complexes built on
their basis are characterized by high labor intensity of
diagnosing, high price and complexity, therefore they
are not available to motor transport enterprises (MTE)
of small capacity [4-7].
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The complexity of diagnosing diesel engines, and
especially fuel equipment, determines the need to use
a large set of methods and tools for diagnosing engines
in the practice of operating vehicles. The use of
existing built-in diagnostic tools for automotive diesel
engines is not economically feasible due to the high
cost of diagnostic equipment. For the comprehensive
diagnosis of automotive diesel engines at small and
medium-sized MTEs, as well as convoys operating in
isolation from production bases, it is advisable to
develop an effective methodology for troubleshooting
diesel engines, which is promising in terms of mass
implementation, as in the means external and built-in
diagnostics [8-11]. In connection with the foregoing,
studies related to the development of a methodology
for determining the technical condition of diesel
engines of trucks and determining, on its basis, the
optimal frequency of prevention of diesel elements,
are relevant. The practical significance lies in the
development of a probabilistic-logical method for
monitoring performance, detecting faults and an
integrated system for diagnosing diesel engines based
on it, as well as the structure and algorithm for
detecting faults, the introduction of which into the
technological process of maintenance and repair will
improve the efficiency of vehicle operation.
The technical condition of the diesel power supply
system is subject to special requirements which
guarantee the trouble-free and reliable operation of
the fuel equipment. This is due to the fact that the
plunger pairs of high-pressure fuel pumps and the
needle with the nozzle sprayer div (in pairs) are
machined and lapped with high precision and are
precision pairs in which the replacement of one of the
parts with a part from another pair is not allowed [8-
11].
To date, as we all know, up to 10% of all faults in vehicles
equipped with diesel engines fall on the diesel power
system. Typical failures for refueling are wear of
delicate parts and parts of the piston drive mechanism.
The authors also pay attention to the sealing, especially
high-pressure fuel lines; pollution of air and fuel filters;
wear and misalignment of piston pairs of high pressure
pump; loss of stiffness by the nozzles and a drop in
pressure at the beginning of the needle lift; wear of
nozzle outlets, their coking. Air has entered the fuel
system [13-17]. The filter elements of the fine fuel filter
have lost their capacity due to contamination. Injector
nozzles clogged. The fuel pump is out of adjustment.
There is no fuel supply to the fuel fine filter. Engine
does not start or runs rough. Injectors adjusted. The air
cleaner is clogged. Fuel start angle set incorrectly. The
fuel pump is out of adjustment. Using fuel that does
not meet factory recommendations. The engine
smokes. Black smoke comes out of the exhaust pipe.
Full fuel supply is not ensured due to misalignment of
the length of the fuel pump control rod. Lost
throughput filter elements of the fuel filter. Injectors
misadjusted (injection pressure, quality of fuel
atomization, atomizers coked) [15-18]. Fuel start angle
set incorrectly. The air cleaner is clogged. The fuel
pump is misadjusted (fuel supply has decreased). The
engine does not develop power. Too early fuel supply
Volume 02 Issue 05-2022
57
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
05
Pages:
55-60
SJIF
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FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.582
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
(large injection advance angle). The engine runs
"hard", sharp knocks at the top of the cylinder block.
The fuel pump is out of adjustment. Worsened fuel
spray injectors Engine overheats.
The listed malfunctions lead to a change in the advance
angle of the fuel supply, deviations in pressure values,
uneven operation of the fuel pump and the amount of
fuel supplied, deviation of the cyclic supply from
normal values, an increase in the unevenness of the
adjustment parameters for the engine cylinders, which
causes an increase in exhaust smoke and leads to a
slight increase in consumption fuel and reduce engine
power by 3-5%. Analyzing the signs of malfunctions of
diesel engines, we come to the conclusion that
malfunctions associated with the fuel system are more
common. The repair and maintenance of these systems
is very expensive, based on the criterion of lack of
equipment and qualified specialists. Too early injection
significantly increases the ignition delay period due to
the low temperature of the charge in the engine
cylinder. At the same time, the combustion process is
shifted relative to TDC in such a way that the maximum
pressure Pg is reached before the piston arrives at TDC.
This is accompanied by an increase in compression
work, a decrease in expansion work, a drop in indicator
values and, accordingly, an increase in fuel
consumption and exhaust smoke. Late injection, in
which the combustion process develops on the
expansion stroke, leads to a decrease in useful work,
an increase in heat loss to the cooling system, and, as a
result, to a drop in indicator values and an increase in
diesel exhaust smoke.
The injector nozzle needle lift start pressure has a
significant effect on fuel atomization, which improves
with increasing injector spring tightening force.
Reducing the pressure of the start of lifting the needle
of the atomizer by 12% against the optimal one
increases the specific fuel consumption by 2.5%, and
the smoke of the exhaust gases by 1.5 times. With an
increase in the cyclic fuel supply, the duration of the
injection increases in time, and most of the fuel burns
out on the expansion stroke, which increases the
opacity of the exhaust gas and increases fuel
consumption. The uneven supply of fuel through the
engine cylinders (5H) also has a significant impact on
its performance []. A particularly sharp effect of
uneven fuel supply begins when it increases above 10%.
The reason for the high failure rate of injector
atomizers due to coking of atomizers is their high
thermal stress, as well as violation of fuel equipment
adjustments. The adjustment of the fuel equipment
has a significant effect on the state of the injection
valves of the high-pressure fuel pump sections. Failures
of high-pressure fuel lines are associated with
increased pressure amplitude in them. Thus,
maintaining the normal performance of transport
diesel engines in operation is largely determined by
timely and high-quality maintenance and repair of the
fuel supply system, which requires adjustment more
often than other diesel systems. According to a
number of modern researchers (E. A. Nikitin, L. V.
Stanislavsky, E. A. Ulanovsky, L. V. Dronov), special
attention should be paid to the quality of fuel during
the operation of diesel engines. The fuel must meet the
requirements of the technical specifications, be clean
and pre-settled. The tightness of the entire power
supply system must be ensured, excluding the ingress
of air into the system through gaps in the connections,
which can cause interruptions in the operation of the
engine.
One of the most important measures to save fuel is the
constant monitoring of the technical condition of the
diesel engine fuel equipment, the timely maintenance
of the power supply system. During maintenance of
the diesel engine power system, special attention is
paid to the cleanliness of the power devices, tightness
Volume 02 Issue 05-2022
58
American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
–
2771-2745)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
05
Pages:
55-60
SJIF
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MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.582
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
connections of fuel lines and devices of the power
supply system; check the condition and operation of
the drives by supplying fuel; sediment is drained from
coarse and fine fuel filters; change the oil in the fuel
injection advance clutch and in the high pressure fuel
pump. Vehicles with a diesel engine are increasingly
being operated with malfunctions due to insufficient
attention to the diesel fuel supply system. It is
necessary to correctly diagnose this system in order to
reduce the volume of subsequent malfunctions and
system failures, which in turn will significantly save
money spent on restoring the system's performance.
The role of diagnostics in improving the efficiency of
technical operation of automotive diesel engines. The
problem lies in the fact that the efficiency of using the
rolling stock of road transport can be solved by solving
the problem of managing the technical condition of
cars, using the most accurate possibilities of its use
during operation. Analysis of publications by such
authors as C.B. Kryuchkov, A.I. Kudrin, A.M. Lukyanov,
C.B. Pakhomov shows that the essence of the problem
lies in the fact that due to the high variety of resources
of aggregates and mechanisms of cars (for a diesel
power system, for example, the coefficient of resource
variation is 0.26...0, 78) their individual properties are
partially realized with a preventive-planning system. As
a result of this fact, there are significant losses of labor
and material resources due to untimely control of
failures, premature prevention and low level of
organization of production, as well as insufficient
individual information about the state of each car.
Thus, the volume of current car repairs, which consists
in eliminating failures due to improper detection of
faults, is more than 48% of the total labor costs for car
maintenance. The most effective strategy for
maintaining a car in good condition is maintenance and
current repairs according to the condition of the
diagnostic indicators. When searching for defects,
diagnostic methods make it possible to identify the
type and cause of the defect. According to diagnostic
parameters, all methods are divided into three groups
by working process parameters that allow you to check
the output indicators (fuel pressure in the high
pressure line, the stroke of the nozzle atomizer needle,
etc.). The accuracy of the measurement data is high,
since a direct measurement of the controlled value is
carried out:
By the parameters of accompanying processes is less
reliable, but still allows us to indirectly determine the
parameters of work processes (vibration, heating,
noise).
CONCLUSION
By structural parameters, which are based on the
measurement of wear of parts (high-pressure fuel
pump housings, precision pairs, camshaft, etc.) It
should be noted that each method is designed to
control a specific physical process. Therefore, the
maintenance and repair of a car in modern conditions
is irrational without control and diagnostic work, the
share of which has already exceeded 30% of the labor
intensity of maintenance and repair. Analyzing the
above, we understand that the problem of reducing
labor costs when performing diagnostics is of great
importance. We will solve this problem in two
directions: Increasing the efficiency of external
stationary diagnostics by improving its methods and
means, in combination with the introduction of
automated control systems for the production of TO
and R; increased control over the suitability of vehicles
and the development of built-in diagnostic tools that
allow you to carry out and analyze continuous
monitoring of the technical condition of the car at
minimal cost. In short, it is very important to set up the
Volume 02 Issue 05-2022
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American Journal Of Applied Science And Technology
(ISSN
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VOLUME
02
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Pages:
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SJIF
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(2021:
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)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
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METADATA
IF
–
5.582
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
diagnostic work correctly in order to solve in time the
problems that may occur during the movement and
repair of vehicles. This is because timely and accurate
diagnostics can help reduce the cost of repairing cars.
In addition, the reliability of the car engine will also
increase, the resource path of the car will increase. In a
word, sudden failures are prevented.
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