Volume 03 Issue 04-2023
11
American Journal Of Biomedical Science & Pharmaceutical Innovation
(ISSN
–
2771-2753)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
04
Pages:
11-17
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.534
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
In this article, the biological properties of the root of Rubia tinctorum plant and the amount of mineral elements in its
chemical composition are determined using the X-ray fluorescence spectrometry method using the Spectro Xepos 111
(SSliA) device, and the information about the use of the root of the Rubia tinctorum plant in medicine is highlighted.
KEYWORDS
Rubia tinctorum L, anthracene, alizarin, ruberythric acid, galiosin, puipurin, xanthopurpurin, pseudopurpurin, rubiadin-
glucoside, ibericin, urinary tract stone, kidney stone.
INTRODUCTION
Research Article
MINERAL ELEMENTS OF RUBIA TINCTORUM L PLANT ROOT AND USE IN
MEDICINE
Submission Date:
April 20, 2023,
Accepted Date:
April 25, 2023,
Published Date:
April 30, 2023
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajbspi/Volume03Issue04-03
Ibragimovich Ibodulloxon Abdimalikov
Tashkent Medical Academy, Termiz Branch, Uzbekistan
Shuhrat Xujamurodov
Termiz State University Academic Lyceum, Uzbekistan
Saboxat Ziyodullayevna Raxmonova
The 8th General Education School Of The City Of Termiz, Surkhandarya Region, Uzbekistan
Bozorov Ogabek Tolib Ugli
Tashkent Medical Academy Termiz Branch 2nd Year Student, Uzbekistan
Arziyeva Shaxnoza Ruziboyevna
Tashkent Medical Academy Termiz Branch 1st Year Student, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ajbspi
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 03 Issue 04-2023
12
American Journal Of Biomedical Science & Pharmaceutical Innovation
(ISSN
–
2771-2753)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
04
Pages:
11-17
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.534
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
Today, comprehensive measures are being taken to
organize scientific research at a high level and to supply
the national pharmaceutical market with high-quality
drugs in the direction of developing the creation of
effective drugs based on local raw materials. Based on
the measures implemented in this area, a number of
important practical results are being achieved in terms
of organizing the development of competitive drugs
based on natural plant raw materials. Studying the
biology of Rubia tinctorum plant species and creating
raw material bases for the preparation of cheap and
high-quality import-substitute drugs by separating
natural medicines from local raw materials are of
urgent importance. Such a preparation can be isolated
from the medicinal plant Rubia tinctoni and used in
medical practice and folk economy.
Literature analysis and methodology
Rubia tinctorum L belongs to the rubicaeae family. It is
found in Ukraine, Moldova, the southeast of the
European part of Russia, in the Caucasus, Azerbaijan,
Gmzia, Armenia, Dagestan and Central Asia. In
Uzbekistan, it grows mainly along streams, among
bushes, along canals, in fields and gardens [1-2].
Rubia tinctonim is a perennial herb with a height of 30-
150 cm. The rhizome is long, creeping, branched,
cylindrical, thick, jointed, many-headed. The stem is
several, four-lobed, jointed, coarse and looped.
covered with feathers. The leaf is oval-ovate, shiny, the
veins on the lower side are covered with rough hairs
with loops, and they are arranged in bundles of 4-6 on
the stem with a very short band. The flowers are small,
greenish-yellow in color, collected in a semi-umbrella
growing from the axils of the leaves, forming a flower
cluster. The calyx is not clearly known, the corolla is 5,
united, funnel-shaped, the paternity is 5, the maternal
node is 2-digit, located below. The fruit is a 1-2-seeded,
globular, first red, then black wet fruit. It blooms in
June-August, the fruit ripens in August-September, the
underground part of Rubia tinctorum L. Fig. 1 [3-4].
Fig. 1. Rhizome and powder of Rubia tinctorum plant.
Volume 03 Issue 04-2023
13
American Journal Of Biomedical Science & Pharmaceutical Innovation
(ISSN
–
2771-2753)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
04
Pages:
11-17
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.534
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
The finished product of the Rubia tinctorum plant
consists of rhizomes and root pieces. The thickness of
rhizome pieces is 2-18 mm, the upper side is painted in
reddish-brown color. When you cut it crosswise, the
bark layer is red-brown, and the wood part is red. The
product has a characteristic weak smell, sweeter at
first, and then a slightly sour and bitter taste. The
rhizome turns the water brownish-red, the moisture
content of the harvested Rubia tinctorum plant is 13%,
total ash is 10%, other parts of the plant (stem, leaf,
etc.) are 1.5%, organic impurities more than 1% and
mineral impurities more than 1%, the amount of
anthraglycosides (those combined in glycoside oil) in
the product should not be less than 3% [1-4].
The rhizome of Rubia tinctorum contains 5-6% of
anthracene compounds (alizarin, ruberythric acid,
galiosin, purpurin, xanthopuipurin, pseudopurpurin,
rubiadin-glucoside, munistin, lucidin, ibericin, etc.).
Anthracene Alizarin berythric acid
Purple Pseudopurpurin
lucidin
In addition to anthracene products, organic acids in plant roots contain up to 15% of sugars, proteins, pectin
substances, ascorbic acid, and citric, olenic, and tartaric acids.
ascorbic acid citric acid
malic acid
tartaric acid
Volume 03 Issue 04-2023
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American Journal Of Biomedical Science & Pharmaceutical Innovation
(ISSN
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VOLUME
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04
Pages:
11-17
SJIF
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FACTOR
(2021:
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(2022:
5.
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(2023:
6.534
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OCLC
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1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
The root of Rubia tinctorum plant contains carbohydrates, phenolic acids and compounds, coumarin, anthraquinone,
triterpenoids, flavonoids (quercetin, kaempferol, apigenin).
antiroxinon kversiten kempferol apigenin
The plant Rubia tinctorum has antispasmodic and diuretic effects in medicine and softens kidney stones (phosphates).
Therefore, medicinal preparations are used in ureteral stones, kidney stones, gallstones and gout.
In addition to the medicinal use of the Rubia tinctorum plant, silkworms and cotton grown in our Republic are dyed
with recycled yarn, carpets, fabrics, and materials as a natural dye. leads to an increase (Fig. 2).
Fig.2. Yarn dyed with natural chemicals extracted from the Rubia tinctorum plant.
In the following years, the notions that mineral
elements are necessary for plants began to emerge.
One of the founders of this concept is agronomist A.T.
Bolotov (1770). He put forward the idea that mineral
particles in the soil are the main food for aquatic plants.
A.T. Bapotov also developed methods of applying
fertilizer to the soil and showed that there are 53 types
of fertilizers necessary for agriculture. Yu. Libix
proposed the law of the minimum and the law of
reversion. According to these laws, if the mineral
elements necessary for plants in the soil do not reach
the minimum, then the soil will not be useful. In the law
of return, it is explained that as much as the plants take
mineral substances from the soil with their crops, it is
Volume 03 Issue 04-2023
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American Journal Of Biomedical Science & Pharmaceutical Innovation
(ISSN
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VOLUME
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04
Pages:
11-17
SJIF
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FACTOR
(2021:
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5.
705
)
(2023:
6.534
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OCLC
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1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
necessary to return as much instead. Otherwise, the
fertility of the soil, and therefore the productivity, will
decrease year by year. Libich's thoughts are generally
correct. Productivity can be increased as a result of
proper agrotechnical activities and timely provision of
soil with mineral elements. The experiments
conducted by I. Knop and Yu. Sakslam in 1859 also
disproved the "humus theory". In my opinion, if there
are only 7 elements: nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur,
potassium, calcium, magnesium and iron, plants can be
grown in water. Thus, they proved that it is possible to
grow plants by vegetative methods (soil, water, sand)
and confirmed the theory of mineral nutrition. The idea
of plant nutrition through roots was further developed
by P.A. Kostichev, B.B. Dokuchaev, K.K. Gedroys, D.N.
Pryanishnikov and other scientists [4-9].
Plants have the ability to absorb all the elements
shown in the periodic table in small or large amounts
from the natural environment. However, so far, only 19
of these elements have been found to be of great
importance for plants, as they cannot be replaced by
other elements. These are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen,
nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, potassium, calcium,
magnesium, iron, manganese, copper, nickel,
molybdenum, boron, chlorine, sodium, silicon and
cobalt. 16 of them belong to the group of mineral
elements. Because carbon, hydrogen and oxygen are
received by the plant in the form of CO2, O2 and N2O.
plants receive water and all mineral elements from the
soil through the roots. Mineral substances are found in
soil solution, humus, organic
and inorganic
compounds, and adsorbed to soil colloids. The
absorption of ions does not depend only on plants, but
also on the concentration of this ion in the soil, its
movement in the soil and soil reactions. Four elements
make up 95% of the elements in the div of plants:
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen. These
elements are also called organogens. Because they
form the basis of organic substances (proteins, fats,
carbohydrates) in the plant div.
Mineral elements are divided into three groups based
on their amount in the div of plants: 1)
macroelements;
2)
microelements;
3)
ultramicroelements.
1) Macroelements include all the elements (N, P, K, Ca,
Na, Mg) whose quantity in plants is more than 10-2
percent.
2) Microelements include elements (Mn, B, Cu, Zn, Mo,
etc.) whose amount in plants is 10-3 - 10-5 percent.
3) Ultramicroelements include elements that are very
small (10-6 percent and less) and whose function has
not been determined (Ce, Se, Ca, Ng, Ag, Au, etc.) in
the plant [9].
Deficiency of a microelement in plants causes it to be
damaged by various bacterial, rotting and other
diseases, that is, microelements increase the
resistance of agricultural crops to various diseases. In
particular, microelements increase the plant's ability to
resist adverse effects of the external environment
(cold, high temperature, soil salinity and drought).
Volume 03 Issue 04-2023
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American Journal Of Biomedical Science & Pharmaceutical Innovation
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VOLUME
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Pages:
11-17
SJIF
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FACTOR
(2021:
5.
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)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.534
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
Therefore, it is necessary to know the importance of
certain microelements in the normal nutrition of
plants, their forms in the soil, and what types of
elements are absorbed by plants in which phases of
development.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
When determining the amount of mineral elements in
the root of Rubia tinctorum L., it was determined using
the X-ray fluorescence spectrometry method on the
Spectro
Xepos
111
(SShA)
device.
Technical
specifications of the device: The device has a voltage of
120/230 V, a power of 150 W. was carried out using For
this purpose, the root of the plant is ground into a
powder and 5 g is taken into special containers for X-
ray analysis, and the root powder of Rubia tinctorum L.
is placed in the containers separately installed on a
circular disk. The device analyzes for 20 minutes. After
the analysis of the results, the results are automatically
displayed on the screen through a computer
connected to the device. The results of these studies
show that the amount of 56 elements and 9
compounds of the root of Rubia tinctorum L. was
determined. %), Silicon Si (15.58 %), Calcium oxide CaO
(11.22 %), Calcium Ca (89.56 %), Potassium K (13.52 %),
Phosphorus oxide P205 (7.284 %), Scandium Sc (64.01),
It turned out that the amount of sulfur S (1.329)
elements and its compounds is more than others.
CONCLUSION
The number of mineral elements contained in the root
of Rubia tinctorum L. plant was determined by "X-ray
fluorescent spectrometer Spectro Xepos 111, technical
indicator: 120/230V, power 150W. 56 elements and 9 of
its compounds were found in the root of the plant, and
the amount of Aluminum oxide A1203 (2.174 %),
Aluminum A1 (6.714 %) in the root of Rubia tinctorum L.
was determined. Silicon oxide SiO2 (3.553 %), Kgetpyu
Si (15.58 %), Calcium oxide CaO (11.22 %), Calcium Ca
(89.56 %), Potassium K (13.52 %), Phosphorus oxide
P205 (7.284 %), Scandium Sc (64.01), Sulfur S (1.329)
elements, it was found that the number of certain
compounds is more than the basic elements.
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Volume 03 Issue 04-2023
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American Journal Of Biomedical Science & Pharmaceutical Innovation
(ISSN
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VOLUME
03
ISSUE
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Pages:
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SJIF
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FACTOR
(2021:
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(2022:
5.
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)
(2023:
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