Volume 03 Issue 11-2023
1
American Journal Of Philological Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2273)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
11
P
AGES
:
1-5
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2022:
5.
445
)
(2023:
6.
555
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
In the article, the language of Abdulla Qadiri's comic works has been lexically studied in depth, he was able to use
Persian, Arabic and Russian words in his comics only in the necessary places to create the necessary mood, Turkish,
that is, Uzbek is the most used in comic texts. , it was analyzed on the basis of examples that relatively more Arabic
and Persian words were used in the same amount, and the least amount of Russian words.
KEYWORDS
Arabic, Russian, Turkish, Persian, assimilation layer, lexeme, archaism, lexical units, poetic speech.
INTRODUCTION
In the active lexicon of the Uzbek language, words are
divided into native and derived layers. When the
creators refer to the language, they use both
depending on the speech situation. While some use
native words mainly, some creators are forced to use
native words. For example, A. Qadiri himself is a lover
of the Uzbek language, but he uses Persian-Tajik,
Arabic and special Russian words involuntarily or
forcibly. Kadiri's use of Russian words is mostly ironic.
He can even use the vernacular version of some
Russian words to create funny situations. [...the
revolution begins, and our white king is removed from
the throne in a coffin. From the 1st of March, people
began to hear the news that "Mekalai has been
Research Article
ABDULLA IN QADIRI'S COMICS MIXTURE OF PERSIAN, ARABIC AND
RUSSIAN WORDS HANDBOOK BY LI SHI
Submission Date:
October 29, 2023,
Accepted Date:
November 03, 2023,
Published Date:
November 08, 2023
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajps/Volume03Issue11-01
Pardayeva Madikhabonu Khakimovna
Navoi State Pedagogical Institute, Department of Primary Education, Senior Lecturer, Fffd (Phd), Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ajps
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 03 Issue 11-2023
2
American Journal Of Philological Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2273)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
11
P
AGES
:
1-5
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2022:
5.
445
)
(2023:
6.
555
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
dethroned and a new government has been formed."
However, our "Akhund domla" doesn't believe these
reports.]
Here,
"Mekalai"
is
a
vernacular
pronunciation. In Uzbek pronunciation, nasal sounds
can sometimes be interchanged.
"It's one thing for a lexeme (semema) to be old, and
it's another thing for it to have the color of oldness.
Archaism is characteristic of the vocabulary of the
modern language and differs from other vocabulary
units by having a color of antiquity. Current lexical
meanings are classified from several points of view as
primary meaning and derivative meaning, proper
meaning and figurative meaning, nominative meaning
and figurative meaning. These classifications are not
mutually exclusive, but reflect different approaches to
the same phenomenon. The above types of lexical
meaning are defined on the basis of polysemous
lexemes. [1]
An old lexeme should be distinguished from the use of
a lexeme belonging to another language. Sometimes a
lexeme that does not exist in the current Uzbek
language or in the Uzbek language of the past is also
used. Such lexemes are completely unfamiliar to
Uzbeks, because they are used not from the dictionary
of the Uzbek language, but from the dictionary of
another language. [2]
A lexeme has a sign of formability, a morpheme has a
sign of formability. The nature of independence and
characteristic of the task of giving shape to a lexeme
led them to be called a morpheme. The speech
appearance of a morpheme is called an addendum. [3]
Sh.Shoabdurahmanov "When formed from personal
nouns: a) nouns formed as words meaning kinship
summarize this text and express it in case form: like
father + lik, brother + lik, uncle + lik; b) words made
from nouns meaning a certain period of time (life)
express this meaning in the case form: boy + lik, yuig +
lik, girl + lik, bride + lik, groom + lik such as; v) words
formed from nouns denoting the owner of a
profession, title, or other activity with the help of the
suffix -lik indicate the name of this profession, title, or
activity: dean + lik, mudir + lik, conductor + lik, o' like a
teacher, a driver, a printer." [4]
The borrowed words used in Qadiri's comics are
outdated words from the point of view of the era.
[ Don't take your breath away! This message is the
message of Mastrovoi! - Who is to blame for saying
Mastravoy? - Yes, what about those who throw stones
on the streets, they call them mastravoys, can you
believe their news? Fifteen days will pass... Nekalai's
police - mirshabs, judges, thousands of people - will be
removed from their seats and others will be elected. ]
The highlighted words are Russian words that entered
our language at the beginning of the 20th century, and
their pronunciation has also been adapted to the
Volume 03 Issue 11-2023
3
American Journal Of Philological Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2273)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
11
P
AGES
:
1-5
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2022:
5.
445
)
(2023:
6.
555
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
national language. It is clear that the author
deliberately used such an option.
In some places of Hajviya, it can be seen that Arabic and
Russian words are deliberately mixed, and it is felt that
the author's goal is to show the worldview, way of
thinking, and speech culture of his hero. [Even though
our teacher does not know Russian, he remembers
that when the mirza of the governor's court gave the
order: "... Madrasinki pervoy mudarrisu gospodinu
Mullahsharif Okhunu Mulla Zarif Okhunovu" at that
time, all the members were aware of the language. He
remembered that he was shivering with pleasure. The
gentleman appointed the pervoy mudarris, and his
eyes fell on the stamps with the fat bird, which were
beautifully made with folded signatures. But at that
time he remembered "freedom, election" as a
condition. Ukaz was about to fall to the ground...]
forming sentences in this way, as it is known, makes
the reader involuntarily laugh.
Abdulla Qadiri writes about the big problems of his
time and also reacts to the political processes of that
time. At this point, it is appropriate to mention one
important point. In our opinion, if the writer wanted to
describe religious superstition, a new way of life, and
the process of Russification through these words,
Arabic and Persian, as well as Russian may have
entered their consumption involuntarily. [Traitor
Ulama - four syezs of Muslims of All Turkestan will be
held before Turkestan autonomy is announced. In
these sessions, the bigoted scholars of the "Ulama"
society are always in competition with the progressive
"Shurai Islamiya" and "Central Turkestan Shura"
associations, and they support the old procedures, the
khanate, which do not meet the requirements of the
times in the matter of the form of administration of
Turkestan.] In the text " The term "Syezd" is in the
central point. All other thoughts are aimed at
interpreting, explaining, reacting to this phenomenon.
It is known from the observations that Qadiri's skill of
choosing words is extremely dependent on the chosen
topic. If there is a work related to a national value, its
text will certainly contain many national words. Farsi,
Arabic and Russian words continue to be used in his
comics on political and social topics. [In the past, our
teacher Ohund, who was unable to give any meaning
to the fact that the Bolshevik masters took away
whose horse, whose property, whose land, quoted
from "Miftohul-jinan" and similar books: "The time is
coming to an end, He thought that the doomsday is
near, and today's Bolshevik will be Gog-Magog or
Dobbatul-Arz.] It should be noted that the proportion
of Arabic words in this text is more.
In the text of the author's novels, there is a different
picture, that is, there are many Uzbek words and
significantly less Arabic words. It is not difficult to
understand that there are many Arabic words when
analyzing the text of a religious educational nature. If
Volume 03 Issue 11-2023
4
American Journal Of Philological Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2273)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
11
P
AGES
:
1-5
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2022:
5.
445
)
(2023:
6.
555
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
we put the words in a table, the following picture is
formed:
Table 1.3
No Uzbek (Turkish)
Persian-Tajik
Arabic
Russian
1.
Nation
message
mining
sezd
2.
White
laborer
fanatic
Bolshevik
3.
moi
prayer
rabachi
4.
ravish
blasphemy
head
5.
fasting
saint
Nalog
6.
doubt
damn
Pajaliska
7.
prophecy
Gospodin pervoy
8.
teacher
Brother
9.
Miftahul-jinn
10.
revolution
11.
obligatory
12.
communication
13
Muslim
If the writer begins to tell a story on the subject of
Sharia, it is clear that Arabic istilahs will be used more.
[One who fasts for three hundred and sixty days and
prays for twenty-four hours considers his people as
"saints". He does not consider the captive Turks who
work as teachers here as ul Turks. Perhaps he sincerely
sympathizes with the Muslim children who follow
these accursed people because they know that they
are infidels, perverts, Armenians hiding under the false
name of the Turk...] The highlighted words are in
Arabic, the most important , are terms that mean the
content of Sharia.
Abdulla Qadiri used many Uzbek words in his works
and made a great contribution to our national novel
and storytelling. The language of the writer's comic
works should also be thoroughly studied lexically. The
author uses Arabic and Russian words in his comics
only in necessary places to create the necessary mood.
From the observations, it is known that the most
Turkish, that is, Uzbek, Arabic and the same amount of
Persian words, and the least amount of Russian words
are used in comic texts. It is worth noting that the
creator did not use any Russian term without a
purpose.
REFERENCES
1.
Rakhmatullayev Sh. Modern Uzbek literary
language. - T.: University. 2006. p. 64.
Volume 03 Issue 11-2023
5
American Journal Of Philological Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2273)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
11
P
AGES
:
1-5
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2022:
5.
445
)
(2023:
6.
555
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
2.
Rakhmatullayev Sh. Modern Uzbek literary
language. - T.: University. 2006. p. 61.
3.
Sayfullayeva R., Mengliyev B., Bakiyeva G., M.
Qurbonova, Yunusova Z., Abuzalova M. Modern
Uzbek literary language. - T., 2009 p. 131.
4.
Shoabdurahmanov Sh., Askarova M., Hajiyev A,
Rasulov I., Doniyorov X. Current Uzbek literary
language. -T.: Teacher. 1980. p. 161.
5.
Julkunboy "Tong" magazine - 1920, issue 2, issue
125, pages 56-64.
