Volume 03 Issue 10-2023
43
American Journal Of Philological Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2273)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
10
P
AGES
:
43-47
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2022:
5.
445
)
(2023:
6.
555
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
This article examines affixal units expressing the national character of “child love” in the Uzbek language. Mostly
diminutive affixes were studied. The characteristic features of affixal pleonasm are determined by reduplicating
imitative suffixes. The collaboration of diminutive-affixes in expressing national character is analysed.
KEYWORDS
National character, guys, affixal pleonasm, diminutive-affirmative meaning, negative semantics, positive semantics.
INTRODUCTION
The national outlook of each nation determines the
linguistic landscape of the world. A system of values is
formed at the heart of the national attitude of the
people to the world. It is known that the Uzbek people
have been considered a childish nation since time
immemorial. This character acquires a national
character, and it is expressed through the means of
language, it is realized in a special way in speech. One
such means of expression is morphemes. Below we
analyze the representation of this character by means
of affix morphemes. First, let's analyze the units that
caress children.
THE MAIN RESULTS AND FINDINGS
In the Uzbek language, there are different means of
endearment, and this goal is achieved through affixes,
Research Article
AFFIXAL EXPRESSION OF THE HIEROGLYPH “CHILD LOVE” IN THE
UZBEK LANGUAGE
Submission Date:
October 06, 2023,
Accepted Date:
October 11, 2023,
Published Date:
October 16, 2023
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajps/Volume03Issue10-06
Yusuf Khojiyev
Doctoral Student, Phd Gulistan State University, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ajps
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 03 Issue 10-2023
44
American Journal Of Philological Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2273)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
10
P
AGES
:
43-47
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2022:
5.
445
)
(2023:
6.
555
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
similes, metaphors, and applause. Petting children
diminutive-petting affixes -cha, -gina, -loq; caressing
affixes are realized through -jan, -khan, -oy, -bonu, -
niso.
Affixoids -jon, -khan do not have different age-related
cases when added to a noun. For example, it is also
used for the name of a child or an adult. When added
to related nouns, it expresses such meanings as
caressing, kissing, respect: mother, father, child, boy.
The word Bolajon is very common in our language, and
this shows how childlike our people are. The word child
has the following nuances of meaning, and these
meanings are used in different speech situations. For
example:
1. Caressing is used to express the meaning of kissing.
It is often used by women and when used with a
possessive, it refers to one's own child: my child.
Sometimes -jan, -gina and the first person possessive
suffix are used consecutively and express strong
caressing, emotionality:
Umidim, hayotim ertasi,
Ollohim bergan sevgim mevasi.
Ko‘ray baxtingni, bolajonginam,
Yuragim parchasi, parchasi. (B.Nizomov).
content of sentences
I hope my life is tomorrow,
The fruit of my love given by God.
I see your happiness, my child,
A piece of my heart, a piece. (B. Nizomov).
Here we encounter affixal pleonasm through the
reduplication of endearing suffixes. The use of both -
jan and -gina suffixes in one word is an example of
contact affixal pleonasm. My child, my child, the
repeated means in the application serve to increase the
love and warm attitude towards the child. O.S.
Akhmanova noted that "pleonasm is a figure of
speech, a gathering of synonymous expressions" [1],
and N. Mahkamov also writes that "Such redundancy is
mainly based on the performance of a stylistic
function." We are also O.S. Agreeing with the opinion
of Akhmanova and N.Mahkamov, we emphasize that
this phenomenon is not an excess, but a pragmatic,
methodological tool [2].
Cases where more than one affix forming the form of
diminutive and caressing is added to the base are
observed in words such as bolotalocha, kizalakocha,
kozichoqkinam, and through these pleonastic uses,
diminutive and suiish shades are further strengthened
and emphasized.
The form of child is also used in the sense of caressing
and kissing in relation to children who are not one's
own, strangers or other children. By using it like this,
Volume 03 Issue 10-2023
45
American Journal Of Philological Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2273)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
10
P
AGES
:
43-47
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2022:
5.
445
)
(2023:
6.
555
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
the national character of childishness of the Uzbek
people comes to the fore: This is the rule of the Castle
of Justice, to the end of the fairy tale, boy, run. Find the
truth in complex puzzles of life in this simple scene (K.
Turdieva). In our people, there is caressing, kissing,
positive attitude in any situation related to a child.
Therefore, even in neutral texts, the form of boy,
formed by the affix of caress, is used: When the red eye
is lit, - Stop! says the boy. Get ready to walk, the
moment my red eye flies. (K. Turdieva).
In the Uzbek people and language, it is not customary
to directly use a negative attitude towards children.
That's why negativity is mitigated with pampering
tools. Let's pay attention to this poem: Those who
didn't give a place to an adult on the bus, They didn't
stand up immediately when told to stand up, If they
carelessly turned towards the window, The children
who did this are very bad. (K. Turdieva). In fact, there is
a strong negativity in a very bad combination. In order
to alleviate this negativity, the author Kavsar Turdieva
effectively used the caressing tool. In our language,
such a situation can be observed in the use of words
with negative semantics, such as black, ugly, fat, small.
When such words with negative semantics are used in
relation to children, they are softened by the use of
euphemisms such as karacha, from karacha,
karamagiz,
kunukkina,
semigina,
semizvoy,
pakanagina. This also shows that our people love
children and love them in any situation.
This kind of childhood of the Uzbek people is skillfully
and naturally revealed in the story "My Thief Boy" by G.
Ghulam. In this story, "Hey, turn around, my little thief,
can I sleep when I have such trouble?" analyzing the
sentence, this sentence contains one thief with
negative semantics and three circumlocutions, -gina, -
m. It is known that the denotative meaning of the word
thief has negative semantics. This negativity is
mitigated by three positive semantic units. The word
"my child" is used because the child of someone who is
in a difficult situation in difficult times is as close to the
80-year-old mother as her child. There is no doubt that
the word circle and the suffix -gina have a positive,
caressing meaning. Here, it is natural to ask whether it
is possible to talk about the positive semantics of the
first person possessive suffix. In fact, in sentences such
as "I went to the park with my child, my work is very
difficult, my character is very difficult", the affix -m only
indicates belonging. In fact, the listed child, work,
character belong to me. By applying the affix -m to
things that do not belong to me, a positive connotative
meaning can be formed. G. Ghulam used the same
stylistic device in the sentence "Ogrigina boyam". After
all, as long as each person has an "I", the things that
belong to him will definitely be good. The same speech
practice can be performed by adding the suffix -m to
words with negative semantics: my headache is mine,
my crazy is mine, my heartburn is my pain, my pain is
my pain. Bahadir Qabul also writes a story called "Only
Children Thieves" and in this story he writes with a light
Volume 03 Issue 10-2023
46
American Journal Of Philological Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2273)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
10
P
AGES
:
43-47
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2022:
5.
445
)
(2023:
6.
555
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
laugh about the small thefts of Turkkishloq children
and uses the suffix -gina appropriately to give
lightness.
The word Bolajon together with the plural affix -s
means the plural meaning (Come, children, pick the
fruits) and the collective meaning (Let's give the world
to the children).
2. The child form is used when strong feelings of pity
and compassion are felt towards the child. This usage
is also used for one's own or someone else's child.
Curse poverty! - he whispered: - Oh, my child, my child,
with what disaster did you step on the mine? May God
curse the devil who created this cup of death! (B.
STAR).
The suffix -jon is added to the word girl and gives the
meaning of caressing. It is added in the following
forms: my girlfriend, my girlfriend; girls
Affixoids -oy, -niso, -bonu added to girls' names give
the semantics of caressing. Affixoids -khan, -jan, can
also belong to the base of the word, in such cases the
meaning of caressing is not expressed, but the base
and affixoid together are equal to one common noun:
Oğilkhan, Aykhan, Kuljan, Sherkhan such as;
The affix -gina (-kina, -qina) is added to personal nouns
and means to shrink, caress, pity. In this example, it
expresses the meaning of diminutive: my heart, my
heart, my child, my child. For example: "Where is the
monument, honey?" - "Oh, by the way, I'll take your
child out now." (G. Ghulam). This affix is also used
metaphorically when petting young children: sweetly,
like honey. The word "Bolginam's child is sweet"
expresses the semantics of caress, and the word
"poor" expresses the meaning of pity.
The denotative meaning of the word itself has "small"
semantics, and there are also cases of adding the affix
-gina:
Go‘yo o‘zaniga tushganday daryo
Go‘yoki yo‘q hech kimdan ginang.
Choy kelar, shopirib qaraysan, obbo
Damlashni bilmabdi kichkintoyginang. (A.Oripov.)
content of sentences
It's like a river falling into its core
Don't blame anyone who doesn't exist.
The tea will come, you can shop and look, obba
Your little one didn't know how to drink (A.Oripov.)
In this poetic passage, the great master of words,
Abdulla Oripov, masterfully used pleonasm as a
methodical tool with the intention of conveying an
inner pain that matches the character of the nation.
The word "small" is used in this text in the meaning of
"small", the denotative meaning itself has smallness,
Volume 03 Issue 10-2023
47
American Journal Of Philological Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2273)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
10
P
AGES
:
43-47
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2022:
5.
445
)
(2023:
6.
555
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
and then the diminutive suffixes -toy and -gina are
successively added. The purpose of adding two affixes
here is not to create a diminutive meaning. After all, the
word itself has little semantics. In our opinion, the poet
used this stylistic tool to exaggerate the meaning of
caressing. If you pay attention, we are talking about a
small child or grandchild who does not know how to
brew tea. When the child claims that the Uzbeks do not
know how to make tea, he should, of course, caress
and hug the child.
- (a) The affix loq also means to caress: like a girl, a girl,
a girl. This affix has diminutive semantics along with
caressing. The affix -gina is also used for older children
(children), while -(a) lok is used only for young children:
girl. The semantics of caress also arise when the word
bolalak formed with this affix is applied to a human
child.
The affix -cha gives both the meaning of shrinking and
caressing: boy, girl; sweet, like honey.
CONCLUSION
The semantics of caressing and kissing children
through affixes has a special paradigm in the Uzbek
language and consists of diminutive-caressing affixes
and their cooperation.
REFERENCES
1.
Akhmanova O.S. Dictionary of linguistic terms.
-M, 1966.
2.
Nematov N. Literary norm and pleonasm. -
Tashkent: Science, 1988.
