Volume 03 Issue 09-2023
59
American Journal Of Philological Sciences
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2771-2273)
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ABSTRACT
This article is subjected to studying the scientific literature on the study of proper names and to determine the
principles of categorization of words. Despite the fact that different disciplines have addressed their own questions,
the central question about proper names is how to delimit and characterize the class itself, and in this article, these
matters are illustrated with relative examples.
KEYWORDS
Proper names, proper nouns, homogeneous, the socio-historical approach, dialectology, geography, lexicography,
toponymy, ethnonymy, economics, homonymy.
INTRODUCTION
The study of proper names has a long history, and
during its periodicity, researchers have focused their
attention on the ontology of names and questions of
their function. Interest in the names of representatives
of different levels of scientific knowledge is due to the
constant connection with the human name, and the
possibility of including names in the mind of the
individual and at different stages of social life.
In recent years, in the development of proper names,
including Uzbek proper names, scholars such as A.P.
Dulzon, E.M. Murzaev, V.N. Toporov, O.N. Trubaechev,
B.A. Serebrennikov, A.K. Matveev, V.A. Nikonov, Yu.A.
Karpenko, A.V. Superanskaya, A.I. Popov, B.M.
Pospelov, V.A. The influence of the ideas of a number
of scientists, such as Yuchkevich, was significant. At the
same time, much attention was paid to the study of the
Research Article
LINGUISTIC FEATURES OF PROPER NAMES IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK
LANGUAGES
Submission Date:
September 20, 2023,
Accepted Date:
September 25, 2023,
Published Date:
September 30, 2023
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajps/Volume03Issue09-11
Javohir Nusratov
Lecturer, Karshi State University, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ajps
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 03 Issue 09-2023
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toponyms of the Turkic peoples, including the names
of
Kazakhstan,
Turkmenistan,
Bashkortostan,
Kyrgyzstan, and Karakalpakstan. In this regard, D.G.
Kiikboev, T. Yanuzakov, D.Kh. Karmysheva, G.K.
Konkashbaev, A. Abdurakhmonov, G.I. Donidze, M.
Mametov, S. Ataniezov, and A.A. Kamolov devoted
their research to the study of Turkic linguistics.
THE MAIN RESULTS AND FINDINGS
At the turn of the 21st century, the boundaries of
proper names, especially proper names, expanded due
to anthropocentric changes in science. The main focus
of anthropocentrism was the orientation toward the
need for active interdisciplinary research. The study of
personal names as a special group of words, designed
to distinguish an object from a number of
homogeneous ones, has given way to studies that
study these linguistic units through a cultural prism in
the form of concepts and information entities.
Currently, T.A. Burkova, S.I. Garagul, D.B. Gudkov,
Yu.N. Karaulov, O.A. Leonovich, V.S. Mukhina, E.A.
Nakhimova, V.A. Nikonova As reflected in the works of
S.M.Pak, V.N.Toporov, and many other researchers,
famous horses have an active interaction with
disciplines such as philosophy, social ethnography,
cultural studies, psycholinguistics and psychology
[Borzenkov 2007; Vuketich 2012; Huseynov 2007;
Zobova 1994; Kravchenko 2013; Nozdrina 2009;
Orudzhev 2006; Popper 2012; Vollmer 1989;
Khomyakova 2003; Yudin 2007].
In the field of Turkic studies, more effective work has
been carried out to study the proper names. MM.
Ginatulin , V.G. Naumov , N.V. Ph.D. thesis by Danilina,
V.G. Makhpirova "Ancient Turkic proper names", V.E.
Onomastic lexicography of Shtaltmanen, I.V. Dron and
S.S. These include "Modern Gagauz Toponymy and
Anthroponymy" by Kroglo. In addition to the collection
“The Sociolinguistic Aspect of the Proper Name” (M.,
1984), which reflects the problems of studying proper
names, since 2004 the journal “Issues of Onomastics”
has been published in Yekaterinburg. In the first issue
of the journal, its goals, objectives, and directions were
announced. In Uzbek linguistics, some work has been
done to study the famous equestrian system and its
different types. In particular, dissertations on the study
of toponyms and anthroponyms were defended, and
monographs and dictionaries were created.
In Turkology there are a number of works devoted to
the study of proper names. Academicians V.V. Radlov,
V.A. Gordlevsky, N.A. Baskakov, G.F. Sattorov, T.
Dzhonuzakov, E. Abdiev, Kh. Bektemirov, I.
Khudoiberdiev, and other scientists worked effectively
in this area. In particular, N.A. Baskakov proved that
the names of more than a hundred people actively
used today in the Uzbek language are of Turkic origin
[Baskakov. 1970: 98-103].
The socio-historical approach to the study of proper
names was an important area of onomastic research in
the last century, and V.D. Bondaletov, N.V. Podolskaya,
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A.M.
Selishchev,
A.V.
Researchers
such
as
Superanskaya have done remarkable work in this
direction. A.F., who also played an important role in
this area. Losev, V.N. Toporov, T.V. Toporova, L.V.
Uspensky, P. Recognizing the philosophical works of
Florensky and others, we can say that the focus of all
such works is the study of Man and his name, the
influence of the name on the inner world of man and
the definition of the interaction of man with the
universe.
XXI at the turn of the century, the boundaries of proper
names expanded due to anthropocentric changes in
science. The main landmark of anthropocentrism is
interdisciplinary active research [Borzenkov 2007;
Vuketich 2012; Zobova 1994; Kravchenko 2013;
Nozdrina 2009; Orudzhev 2006; Popper 2012; Vollmer
1989; Khomyakova 2003; Yudin 2007] should have
focused on the need. As a result of the change in the
common plural, the study of nouns as a specific group
of words designed to distinguish an object from a
number of homogeneous ones has given way to
studies that explore these linguistic units through a
cultural prism into the form of a conceptual and
informational entity. Currently, S.I. Garagul, D.B.
Gudkov, Yu.N. Karaulov, O.A. Leonovich, V.S. Mukhina,
E.A. Nakhimova, V.A. Nikonova, S.M. Pak, V.N. As
reflected in the work of Toporov and many other
researchers, famous horses actively interact with
disciplines such as philosophy, social ethnography,
cultural studies, psycholinguistics, and psychology.
When studying nouns known in the West, mainly J.S.
Mill's ideas dominate, and proper names are often
understood as semantically meaningless characters,
which J. Butler [Butler 2012] argues negatively affects
the development of science. At the same time, it is
worth noting that the socio-historical approach to the
study of names has been studied quite deeply, with an
emphasis on the origin of names and their meaning in
society (R.D. Alford, R. Dunkling, S. Clark, E.D. (Lawson,
R. McKinley, H. E. Wilkinson, A. Fowler, P. Hanks, S. J.
Harrison) .
In Turkology there are a number of works devoted to
the study of proper names. Academicians V.V. Radlov,
V.A. Gordlevsky, N.A. Baskakov, G.F. Sattorov, T.
Dzhonuzakov, and other scientists worked effectively
in this area. In particular, N.A. Baskakov proved that
the names of more than a hundred people, now
actively used in the Russian language, are of Turkic
origin. [Baskakov 1970].
In Uzbek linguistics, the study of anthroponymic issues
of famous hors proper nouns and their scientific
research have their own history. S.Ibragimov,
E.Begmatov,
R.Kungurov,
A.Mukhtorov,
D.Abdurakhmonov, E.Kilichev, G.Sattorov, and others
have published a number of articles and monographs
in this area.
Volume 03 Issue 09-2023
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Interest in studying the linguistic features of Uzbek
anthroponyms arose mainly in the 1960s. First, D.
Abdurakhmanov's article "Naming" was published
[Abdurakhmanov 1960]. Then prof. F. Abdullaev
published valuable materials on the features of the
reduction of names in the Khorezm dialects and
scientifically substantiated them [Abdurakhmanov
1980]. It was during this period that A. Ishaev “On
nicknames in the Mangit dialect”, S. Ibragimov and N.
Mamatov “On the spelling of names and surnames”,
Kh. Bektemirov “From the history of the study of
names” [Bektemirov 1969].
In particular, the article "Actual problems of the Uzbek
historical nomenclature", written under the guidance
of E. Begmatov, sets specific tasks for researchers
involved in Uzbek anthroponymy, which is currently
one of the most proper names in the Uzbek language.
Anthroponymy is a branch of anthropology that
studies the names of people. Anthroponymy is
developing as a field of study of the origin and
development of names, the nominal properties of
names, the motivational basis of naming, and the role
of linguistic and non-linguistic principles.
The word anthroponym comes from the Greek
ánthrōpos
- a person, and ónyma - a name, the sum of
the meanings of nouns. Anthroponymy is the study of
names, surnames, nicknames, nicknames, and
cryptonyms (nicknames) of proper names. The ethnic
groups that existed in each period have their own
anthroponymic, that is, a list of names. All
anthroponyms together are called anthroponyms.
While theoretical anthroponymy deals with such issues
as the laws of the emergence and development of
anthroponyms, their structure, system, models of
anthroponyms, historical layers in the belonging of
anthroponyms to an ethnic group, the interaction of
languages in anthroponymy, the principle that
practical anthroponymy should follow methods of
giving in several languages, as well as the problems of
compiling anthroponymic dictionaries.
As the well-known linguist V. N. Nikonov noted:
“Anthroponymy is happy with the presence of
inseparable practical and theoretical tasks” [Nikonov
259]. Hence the interest in anthroponyms, the study of
which has an ancient history. Thousands of works have
been written in his honor over the centuries. As a
result, anthroponymy arose - a separate branch of
linguistics that studies human names. This science is an
integral part of such proper names as toponymy,
ethnonymy, economics, homonymy.
Names can give specific information about their object.
Professor A. V. Superanskaya notes three types of this
information: 1) language: 2) speech; and 3)
encyclopedia. As a unit of language, they serve to
designate individuals, to separate individuals from one
another. Verbal information expresses the attitude of
the speaker to the name. For example: "When I hear
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Hitler's name, I get angry." Although the speaker did
not have a clear idea of the personality of Hitler, it is
easy to see that he had a negative attitude towards his
name [Superanskaya 2004].
Studies of anthroponyms are focused on the essence
of motivation, the semantic structure of the word
anthroponym, the etymology of anthroponyms, the
structure of proper names, the causes of names,
needs, desires, and other features, the semantic and
contextual meaning of the word. names, the
relationship of names to the era. The appearance of
famous horses is associated with many linguistic and
non-linguistic factors. For this reason, the well-known
researcher of nouns is required to use the scientific
methods of disciplines other than linguistics, its
achievements, in the analysis of names. This creates a
connection between the field of anthroponymy and
other social and natural sciences. This connection can
be seen in the following: anthroponymy and
lexicology,
anthroponymy
and
etymology,
anthroponymy and dialectology, anthroponymy and
geography,
anthroponymy
and
lexicography,
anthroponymy and lexicography, anthroponymy and
history, anthroponymy and history, anthroponymy and
history, anthroponymy and cartography.
Analytical methods associated with the study of proper
nouns can be divided into three groups:
1. Analysis of terms related to onomastic theories:
scientific toponymy, onomastic direction, onomastic
research, the principle of restoring historical names,
historical and thymological direction, methodology of
proper names, onomastic laws, sand pecial proper
names.
2. Scientific directions in the study of proper names: an
ethnography
of
names,
different
motifs
of
anthroponyms, semantics of anthroponyms, analysis
of anthroponyms from the point of view of time, social
origin of anthroponyms, connection of anthroponyms
with the environment, cartographic toponymy,
onomastic
lexicography,
toponymic
toponymy,
toponymy studies, historical and etymological study
toponyms, encyclopedic dictionary of toponyms,
etymological dictionary of toponyms, etymological
study of toponyms, etc.
3.
Scientific
research
methods:
onomastic
classification,
anthropogenic
classification,
anthropogenic
stratification,
chronological
classification, extralinguistic classification, aesthetic
classification, and others.
Naming is not a spontaneous phenomenon, but a
process that must comply with certain linguistic and
non-linguistic laws, needs, and requirements. The
features of this process are indicated in onomastic
studies in certain terms:
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1. Terms that generally express the concept of
nomination: naming, nomination, function of
nomination, nomination, memorization, onomastic
nomination, nomination, culture of nomination, art of
nomination, etc. lovers_
2. Concepts related to the method of naming: naming
up to four genealogies, naming up to six genealogies,
referring to a surname, or nickname, naming objects
separately, naming after the father, official naming,
Arabic naming, naming by two names, naming after
people, plurality, neighborhood, etc.
3. The process and patterns of nomination:
toponymization of the tion - the transition of a related
word (name) to the nomination system, changing its
function, turning it into toponymy.
4. Phytonymization - the process of transition of a
plant-appeal into a proper name (Lil and - Pearl, Lily).
We will base our study on anthroponymy and
etymology and will focus on determining the true
meaning
and
endpoint
of
personal
names.
Anthroponyms are combined into a lexical system
(system) with their own common and specific features.
It serves to distinguish individuals by combining
linguistic speech and encyclopedic information
(meanings).
Anthroponyms occupy a special place in the vocabulary
of the language. This place can be defined as the most
marginal and empty circle of lexemes "man", "man",
and "woman". The presence of anthroponymic fields
and empty circles for the lexemes "man", "man", and
"woman" is the main opportunity to live in the
linguistic system of anthroponyms and in the cognitive
(normative-expressive) functions of each person in
speech activity. . Each person realizes this opportunity
based on their conditions, needs, and features of
opportunities and independently fills in the
anthroponymic circle of these lexemes. Therefore, the
more empty the anthroponym in the universal system,
the richer, more specific, and more mysterious the
information for each person.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, we can say that words in the category of
nouns have the ability to perform two different
semiological functions, and, in addition to naming
objects, they also perform the function of describing
them. The entry of these functions into a single whole
leads to the formation of specific predicative-
attributive compounds.
Speaking about the semantic features of nouns, first of
all, it is necessary to distinguish their place among
nominative units and denotative meanings, which are
activated by their participation in speech structures. In
the first case, the denotation is a generalized
representation of the object (or subject class) in reality
as the object of the term, and in the second, the
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denotative linguistic sign interacts with the object in
the speech process, i.e. its referent.
REFERENCES
1.
1.Alford R.D., Fowler A., Clarke S., Dunkling L.,
McKinley R.A., Hanks P., Harrison Simon J., Lawson
Edwin D., Wilkinson.
2.
Danilina N.V. Nizhny Novgorod anthroponymy of
the XIV-XVII centuries. - Gorky, 1986. - p. 24.
3.
3.Ginatulin M.M. To the study of words and lexical
units. - Alma-ata, 1973. - p. 27.
4.
4.Naumov V.G. Phenomena of motivation in the
dialect system (lexicological aspect). - Tomsk, 1985.
- p. 17.
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Nizomova, M. B. (2023). Social Classification and
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Baratboyevna, N. M. (2021). Current research
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