Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
29
American Journal Of Philological Sciences
(ISSN
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2771-2273)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
P
AGES
:
29-37
SJIF
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FACTOR
(2022:
5.
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(2023:
6.
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OCLC
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1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
This article provides opinions and recommendations on the linguistic examination of the text of normative legal
documents in the Uzbek language to assess their compliance with the spelling rules, to avoid spelling mistakes in the
drafts of normative legal documents, and to prevent such shortcomings. opinions were also expressed about the
importance of foreign experience.
KEYWORDS
Regulatory legal document, project, spelling, initials, artificial intelligence.
INTRODUCTION
In the linguistic examination of the text of normative
legal documents in the Uzbek language, let's try to
determine the state language, its essence and limits
before giving opinions and recommendations on the
issue of assessing their compliance with spelling rules.
On amendments and additions to the law "ON THE
STATE LANGUAGE OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN"
(Notice of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan,
1995, No. 12, Article 257; Republic of Uzbekistan
Collection of legal documents, 2004, No. 51, Article 514;
2010, No. 37, Article 313; 2011, No. 41, Article 449; 2017,
No. 37 , Article 978; QHMMB, 04.12.2020, No.
03/20/653/1592;
21.04.2021,
No.
03/21/683/0375)
Improvement of the process of consistent introduction
of the state language and based on the Latin script in
order to ensure a perfect transition to the Uzbek
Research Article
SPELLING RULES IN LEGAL DOCUMENTS: PROBLEM, CAUSE AND
SOLUTION
Submission Date:
May 07, 2023,
Accepted Date:
May 12, 2023,
Published Date:
May 17, 2023
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajps/Volume03Issue05-06
Murtazayev Abror Odilovich
F.F.F.D (Phd) Tsuull Head Teacher, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ajps
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
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Publisher:
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Servi
alphabet, the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan
decides: Vedomosti of the Soviet Union, 1989, No. 26-
28, Article 453) with changes and additions, its new
edition is approved (attached). As stated in Article 1 of
this law, it is marked as "The state language of the
Republic of Uzbekistan is the Uzbek language."
MAIN PART
In the spheres where the state language is officially
valid, the current scientific rules and norms of the
Uzbek literary language are observed. The state
ensures the enrichment and improvement of the
Uzbek language, including the introduction of
universally recognized scientific-technical and socio-
political terms.
"THE STATE LANGUAGE is the official language of a
particular country for law-making, executive and
judicial authorities. Usually, in multinational countries,
for example, India, Canada, Switzerland, which
language or languages are official is determined in their
constitutions. In most countries, the official language
and the State language are exactly the same. Only in
some countries the official language status differs
from the State language status. For example, in
Switzerland, according to the constitution, German,
French, Italian are official languages; German, French,
Italian languages
–
are considered as the state
language." [regulation.gov.uz/oz/d/78701], where it is
stated that the official language is the official language
used in business and government offices, and it is not
clearly stated which methods the official language
covers . That is, according to this law, the state
language is the Uzbek language, and the Uzbek
language includes 5 styles: colloquial, artistic, scientific,
official and journalistic. Abstraction is right here. That
is, according to the Law "On the State Language", in all
state offices in the Republic of Uzbekistan, according
to the judgment that "business is conducted in the
state language", if the case is being heard, the state
language is the Uzbek language. The Uzbek language
combines 5 styles, and it is legally possible to work in
state offices in the colloquial style, artistic style, or a
mixture of all styles. The linguist scientist Sh.
Kuchimov, who conducted the first and most valuable
research on the language of law, wrote in his research
work, "The definition given by Academician V.
Vinogradov is even more complete, which most
scientists It is the selection and combination of the
means of use in this field, understood by the person,
characteristic of a certain field, in relation to other
similar means of expression in the practice of social
speech, within the framework of this or that universal,
national language. [Kuchimov Sh. 2004., 121.], "These
task styles are characteristic of a certain social
activity." [Kuchimov Sh. 2004., 121.] states. For
example, if the artistic style serves to create a novel,
story, short story, and other sources, to share aesthetic
pleasure with people, the journalistic style, the style of
conveying information sent through mass media, the
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scientific style represents the issues of science, and the
official style is the state the method used in the office.
Sh. Kuchimov's doctoral research work entitled
"Scientific-theoretical problems of expressing legal
norms
in
Uzbek"
(linguistic-legal
analysis)
"Determining the place of legislative style against the
background of literary language" V.D. Bondaletova,
S.S. Vartapetova, E.N. Kushlina, N.A. The Leonovas
divide the official work style into the following groups:
1. Legislative style; 2. Different styles of working
papers; 3. The style of diplomatic working papers."
[Kuchimov Sh. 2022., 202.] quoted.
He emphasizes that the legislative method is the most
basic type of methods included in the scope of the
official working method, and emphasizes that it serves
only the sphere of social activity of the society that is
related to law. "Legislative style - write the authors of
the book "Language of the Law", determines the way
of formation and development of all sub-styles
included in the scope of official work style, it is
reflected in the methodology and lexicon of the text of
various working papers of the legislative style. It
affects the form and content of these working papers,
serves as an example of departmental documents and
administrative proceedings. [Bondaletova V.D. 1994.,
14] that, against the background of the integrated
literary language, the legislative style should be
distinguished and studied separately from the official
style of work, and when this is called the official style
of work, only official work papers (application, receipt,
biography, etc.) based on the fact that the scope of the
style is limited by understanding. Emphasizing that it
expresses the content of a purely legal event,
phenomenon, and norms in the legislative style, he
notes the conclusion that this issue is so complex and
multifaceted that the means of expressing it cannot be
resolved within the framework of the official
procedure, and Professor A. Ushakov's opinion that
"Legislative method is a certain scientific direction
between jurisprudence and linguistics, and accordingly
it should be recognized as an independent method.
[Kuchimov Sh. 202.] In our opinion, it is necessary to
study the legal language as a separate issue, regulate
its special methodological features, and scientifically
record that it is a special style. However, what exactly
is the limit of "business is conducted in the state
language"? style, we believe that it is necessary to
clearly express the official, scientific and journalistic
methods of work in educational organizations, to
distinguish between the concepts of "State language"
and "National language", and not to mix them up.
During the linguistic examination of the text of the
normative-legal document, in the assessment of their
compliance with the spelling rules, the decision of the
Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan No.
339 of August 24, 1995 "On approval of the basic
spelling rules of the Uzbek language" and the decision
of February 2, 2021 "Latin "On measures to ensure a
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gradual transition to the Uzbek alphabet based on the
script" serves as a legal and scientific basis for the
regulation of spelling rules. When we analyzed the
draft documents on regulation.gov.uz, the discussion
portal of the draft normative legal documents adopted
in the Republic of Uzbekistan, we witnessed that the
draft normative legal documents under discussion are
still written in Cyrillic alphabet, which is legally
deprecated. For example, "Order of the Minister of
Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan on the approval
of the regulation on the procedure for including drugs
in the category of prescription and non-prescription
drugs" [regulation.gov.uz]
The decision of February 2, 2021 "On measures to ensure a step-by-step complete transition to the Uzbek alphabet
based on the Latin script" In paragraph 21 of the "ROAD MAP" on ensuring smooth transition, starting from January
1, 2023, "Regardless of the organizational and legal form, administrative documents and other documents in all
organizations will be based on the Latin script. Full implementation of the practice of development, adoption and
publication in the Uzbek alphabet. To ensure the complete transition of state bodies and other organizations to the
Uzbek alphabet based on the Latin script." Although it has been established, even the draft decision of the Cabinet of
Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan is given in the Cyrillic alphabet.
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"At the same time, a number of outdated and obsolete
requirements and conditions for the establishment of
legal entities, including business entities, and
organizational and legal forms of legal entities that
have lost their relevance in practice remain today." In
this paragraph, entrepreneurship(tadbirkolik) is
written in the style of entrepreneurship(tadbirkolik),
and there is a spelling error. ""23 of the same draft
decision. Important changes and additions to the rules
of securities trading on the stock exchange, which
affect the members of the stock exchange and listed
companies, will be discussed on the stock exchange
website at least fifteen days before their approval.
[https://regulation.gov.uz/oz/d/78634]
the
word
leasing is written incorrectly.
""When the value of the chartered fund of a limited
liability company is increased by non-monetary
contributions that are more than ten thousand times
the amount of the base calculation, a statement drawn
up by the appraising organization on the assessment of
these contributions shall be submitted";" of "v)
position 7-2-2 of Annex 9 should be stated in the
following
version:"
[https://regulation.gov.uz/oz/d/78634]
the
word
statement in the combination should be stated(bayo
etilsin) in the form of a statement. In the same draft
normative legal document, "29. Decisions of the
Cabinet of Ministers dated September 28, 2022" aimed
at
simplifying
the
provision
of
public
services(qo‘rsatishni), reducing bureaucratic obstacles
and developing the national system of public services
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in paragraph 2 of the appendix to the decision No. 541
on
amendments
and
additions:"
[https://regulation.gov.uz/oz/d/78634] Typing error.
"LAW OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN On
amendments and additions to some legal documents
of the Republic of Uzbekistan in connection with the
further improvement of the legal basis of corporate
relations (id-78624)" 6) Clause 2 of Article 15 should be
deleted;" the wording of the article was given in the
style of article, and a spelling mistake was made. In the
same draft document, "CHAPTER 14 OPERATIONAL
MANAGEMENT RIGHTS"; 14) The text of Article 178
should be stated in the following version:" in
[https://regulation.gov.uz/oz/d/78634], a spelling error
was made by writing the word of the same article in the
style of article . In the draft of the same document, "13)
from the first part of Article 27, the words "but not less
than fifteen percent of its authorized fund (authorized
capital)" shall be deleted;" The word removed is
written in the style of removed(tashlanlansin), and a
spelling error was made.
DECISION OF THE COURT OF MINISTERS OF THE
REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
On measures to establish
systematic relations between science and industry in
the field of "green" technologies in the Republic of
Uzbekistan ID-78467 The program of measures to
improve systematic relations between science and
industry regarding innovative "green" technologies in
the Republic(Respublikasidainnovatsion) should be
approved in accordance with Annex 2." In
[https://regulation.gov.uz/oz/d/78634],
the
words
"innovative" were added in the Republic, and this is a
technical error, not knowing how to separate the two
words. is a spelling mistake. In this draft document
"2. Analysis of damage caused to the ecology and
environment in the technological process. There are
spelling errors related to the writing of the words
"Development of project-proposals for reducing the
amount of waste released into the environment."
At this point, we think it is appropriate to pay attention
to one aspect. "Writing of capital letters" in "Basic
spelling rules of Uzbek orthography" (approved on
April 4, 1956). section, the rules for writing with capital
letters are given, and none of the clauses of this section
(paragraphs 63-71) state that all letters are written with
capital letters when writing with capital letters.
Similarly, in the "Basic spelling rules of the Uzbek
language" approved by the decision of the Cabinet of
Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated August
24, 1995 No. 339 "On approval of the basic spelling
rules of the Uzbek language", the rules for writing with
capital letters include all there is no rule that the letters
are written with a capital letter. That is, there is no
scientific basis for the fact that all letters can be written
with capital letters in the drafts of the above-
mentioned normative legal documents and from
various other places, including the names of ministries,
departments and organizations, and this is incorrect. If
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there is a need for this situation, for example, "for
design" or for other convenience, it is necessary to
solve this problem by introducing a special rule in the
form of "in the following cases, all letters are written
with capital letters:".
In assessing compliance with spelling rules during
linguistic examination of legal drafts
The decision of the President of the Republic of
Uzbekistan dated June 26, 2018 No. Pd-3807 "On
measures to support the establishment of the People's
Diplomacy Center of the Shanghai Cooperation
Organization in Uzbekistan" also contains a number of
spelling mistakes . For example, "Implementation of
the initiatives and proposals put forward by the
Republic of Uzbekistan at the meeting of the Council of
Leaders of the SCO member states on June 9, 2017 in
Astana, as well as the five priority directions of the
development of the Republic of Uzbekistan in 2017-
2021." in order to make full use of the mechanisms of
public diplomacy in the successful implementation of
the tasks of the Strategy of Actions:" in each
designating pronoun, "...Ministry of Foreign Affairs,
Ministry of Culture, Ministry of Higher and Secondary
Special Education, Ministry of Physical Education and
Sports," "The proposals on establishing the People's
Diplomacy Center (hereinafter referred to as the
Center) should be approved, and the following should
be defined as the main tasks and directions of the
Center's activity:" it can be seen that there are spelling
mistakes related to writing the following word in the
style of the tunes. Also, in this decision, the analytical
word "...to prepare information and analytical
materials about the achievements of the SCO countries
in the cultural and humanitarian sphere and publish
them regularly"; "non-governmental organizations,
commercial banks and other organizations Grants
allocated to support the activities of the center; In the
case of spelling errors in the word "non-government",
as well as the word "outside", the word "furniture" is
"furniture", and the word "providing" is written with a
symbol instead of the stop sign in the word "providing"
to the lex.uz regulatory legal documents portal.
placed. At this point, we would like to emphasize that
there is an exception to the Latin spelling of the SCO
abbreviation. That is, there is no problem in writing the
SCO in the Cyrillic alphabet, but if it is written in Latin,
it should be written in the SCO style so that it is not
read as SCO, but as SCO.
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Servi
CONCLUSION
1-table.
N
Basic spelling rules
When there is an error
–
is placed
If there is no mistake
+
is placed
1
Spelling of vowels
2
Spelling of consonants
3
Spelling of base and additions
4
Adding
5
Writing with a dash
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6
Writing separately
7
Spelling of capital letters
8
Transfer rules
CONCLUSION
We believe that it is appropriate to check whether
there are any errors in each item of the spelling rules
based on the above table when evaluating the
compliance of draft regulatory legal documents with
spelling rules.
In this matter, we can consider the best and modern
approach to reduce the human factor and implement it
through artificial intelligence in order to achieve error-
free operation.
REFERENCES
1.
Кўчимов Ш.
Қ
онун
тили
лингвистикаси
.
Монография
.
Тошкент
.2022.
–Б
.121
2.
Кўчимов Ш.
Ҳ
у
қ
у
қ
ий
нормаларни
ўзбек
тилида
ифодалашнинг
илмий
-
назарий
муаммолари
(
лингво
-
юридик
та
ҳ
лил
)
Дисс
...
ф
.
ф
.
д. Тошкент. 2004. –
Б.202.
3.
Бондалетова В.Д., Вартапетова С.С., Кушлина
Э.И., Леонова Н.А. 1994.–
Б.88. Язык закона, –
Б. 14.
Internet resources
1.
https://regulation.gov.uz/oz/d/78701
2.
https://qomus.info/encyclopedia/cat-d/davlat-
tili-uz/
