Volume 02 Issue 12-2022
8
American Journal Of Philological Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2273)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
12
Pages:
08-11
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2022:
5.
445
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.963
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
This article describes the origin of the German language, which language group it previously belonged to, in which
countries it was first used, and from what period it was used. In addition, detailed information on the number of
German speakers, active methods of teaching the German language, various teaching methods and teaching methods
used in practice is provided.
KEYWORDS
German language; method; style; methodology; manual; passive method; active method; interactive method.
INTRODUCTION
The German language belongs to the western group of
Germanic languages and is currently used as the
mother tongue of the peoples living in the following
countries. Including in the Federal Republic of
Germany, Austria, Luxembourg. More than 80 million
people speak German in the Federal Republic of
Germany, 7 million in Austria, 1 million in the eastern
regions of France, and 400 thousand in Luxembourg.
Research Article
ORIGIN OF THE GERMAN LANGUAGE. ACTIVE WORK METHODS,
METHODS AND TECHNIQUES IN TEACHING GERMAN LANGUAGE
Submission Date:
December 07, 2022,
Accepted Date:
December 13, 2022,
Published Date:
December 18, 2022
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajps/Volume02Issue12-02
Jorayeva Yulduz Roziklovna
Institute Of Counter-Engineering Economics, German Language Teacher, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ajps
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 02 Issue 12-2022
9
American Journal Of Philological Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2273)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
12
Pages:
08-11
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2022:
5.
445
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.963
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
German speakers can also be found in Hungary,
Romania, Yugoslavia, USA, Brazil and Argentina. Thus,
German is second only to English in terms of the
number of speakers among the Germanic languages.
The German people and the German language
emerged from the West Germanic tribes and their
languages, which were very close to each other, known
as the Franks, Allemans and Bavarians, in the early
Middle Ages, that is, in the 5th - 11th centuries. The main
role in the emergence of the German people was
played by the Franks. It is known from the history of
the Germans that the state created by the Franks was
of decisive importance in the territory of the Frankish
state for several centuries, in the territory of which two
national languages: French and German appeared and
developed. For a long time, these languages served as
a means of communication between people who did
not have their own writing, using only oral speech. The
language of the German people, as we said above,
develops and develops as the language of the western
Germanic tribes, and the Germanic tribes speaking this
language live in the eastern regions of the Frankish
state.
The total number of speakers is more than 110 million
people. The German language is based on the dialects
of West Germanic tribes such as Frankish, Saxon,
Thuringian, Alemannic, Bavarian and is divided into
Low German, Middle German and South German
dialects, and each dialect group is divided into western
and eastern groups. In the history of the development
of the German language, the pre-national and national
language periods are distinguished; The 16th and 17th
centuries are a transitional period. The formation of
the current literary language norms was mainly
completed at the end of the 18th century, and the
grammatical system and spelling were stabilized
during this period.
In the current phonological system of the German
language, monophthongs and diphthongs make up 45
percent (16 vowel phonemes and 3 diphthongs);
consonant system consists of 18 consonant phonemes
and 2 mixed sounds. All phonemes differ from each
other in terms of the place of formation, method and
pronunciation, and have certain characteristics.
Grammatical construction is characterized by analytical
and synthetic features. For example, in nouns, the
gender and agreement forms are mainly expressed
analytically, and the number category is expressed
synthetically. This situation is also observed in the
expression of forms in other word groups. The main
type of sentence is verb-centered ran. The use of
participles expressed from artificial, compound verbs
in the form of ran in the distant position is a feature of
the German language.
The word-formation system is well developed; It is
widely used to form a noun (mainly term) by adding a
word. In addition to the original German words, the
dictionary contains many words borrowed from Latin,
Volume 02 Issue 12-2022
10
American Journal Of Philological Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2273)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
12
Pages:
08-11
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2022:
5.
445
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.963
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
French, Italian, English and other languages. The script
is based on Latin graphics.
About teaching methods in German;
The passive method is a form of interaction between
students and the teacher, in which the teacher is the
main participant and manager of the lesson, and the
students act as passive listeners, following the
teacher's instructions. In passive lessons, the teacher
communicates with students through inquiry,
independent, control work, tests, etc. It is considered
a passive method in terms of the effectiveness of
modern pedagogical technologies and learning
material by students. the most ineffective, but
nevertheless it also has some positive aspects.
Active method is a form of interaction between
students and teachers, in which the teacher and
students interact with each other during the lesson,
and here the students are passive. are not listeners, but
active participants of the lesson. If in a passive lesson
the teacher is the main character and the leader of the
lesson, then the teacher and students have equal rights
here.
Interactive method Interactive ("Inter" is mutual, "act"
means to act) - to interact, to be in a conversational
style. In other words, in contrast to active methods,
interactive methods focus on wider interaction of
students not only with the teacher, but also with each
other and the priority of student activity in the learning
process.
When using active methods of teaching, the student's
role changes - he turns from an obedient memory
device to an active participant in the learning process.
This new role and its characteristic features make it
possible to form an active person with all the necessary
skills and qualities of a modern successful person.
Interactive education helps students: - develop
personal thinking; - awareness of participation in
common work; - forming the position of an active
subject in educational activities; - development of
communication skills; - ethical acceptance of norms
and rules of joint activity; - increasing cognitive activity.
class: - formation of the class as a group team; -
increasing cognitive interest; - development of analysis
and introspection skills in the process of group
thinking; to the teacher: - non-standard attitude to the
organization of the educational process; - formation of
motivational readiness for interpersonal relations not
only in education, but also in other situations.
Differences In contrast to active methods, interactive
methods are focused on wider interaction of students
not only with the teacher, but also with each other and
the dominance of student activity in the learning
process. In interactive lessons, the role of the teacher
is reduced to the direction of the student's activity to
achieve the lesson goal. The teacher also develops a
Volume 02 Issue 12-2022
11
American Journal Of Philological Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2273)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
12
Pages:
08-11
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2022:
5.
445
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.963
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
lesson plan (usually these are interactive exercises and
assignments during which the student learns the
material).
CONCLUSION
Thus, the term "Active methods of education" was
widespread in the second half of the 20th century and
refers to certain group teaching methods that
complement
traditional
methods,
primarily
explanatory illustrative teaching methods, by changing
the position of students. is a unique common sign.
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Бах. А. История немецкого языка (перевод с
немецкого) . М., 1956.
3.
Гухман М . М . От языка немецкой народности к
немецкому национальному языку. Ч. 1
-2, 1955-59.
4.
Жирмунский В. М. История немецкого языка. М.,
1965.
5.
Зиндер Л. Р., Строева Т . В. Историческая
фонетика немецкого языка. М.
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Л.,
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