Volume 02 Issue 06-2022
7
American Journal Of Philological Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2273)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
06
Pages:
07-10
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2022:
5.
445
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.963
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
This article describes the study of the topic synonymy and rhythm in the works of domestic and foreign linguists.
Synonymy demonstrates the richness and diversity of the language. The presence of a large number of synonyms
creates ample opportunities for the transmission of thoughts and feelings, makes speech flexible and expressive. The
richer the lexical synonymy, the more possibilities of semantic expression, the higher the expressive potential of the
language. N. M. Karamzin considers synonyms a source of language enrichment:"
KEYWORDS
Synonymy, semantic-symbolic, emotional-stylistic and functional-stylistic synonyms, monosyllabic, polysyllabic.
INTRODUCTION
Philologists of the first half of the nineteenth century
believed that there could be no "unambiguous", that
is, identical in meaning, words in the language, and
defined synonyms as "similar", "similar in meaning"
words, took into account the expressive features of
the word, its belonging to a certain style ("syllable"). In
the first half of the twentieth century, G. O. Vinokur
argued that in living speech "it is impossible to find a
single position in which it would be all the same how to
say: horse or horse, child or child, road or path. Thus,
synonyms were understood as words of close, but not
identical meaning, while it was the presence of
Research Article
THE STUDY OF THE TOPIC SYNONYMY AND RHYTHM IN THE WORKS OF
DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN LINGUISTS
Submission Date:
May 23, 2022,
Accepted Date:
June 03, 2022,
Published Date:
June 14, 2022
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajps/Volume02Issue06-02
Sevara F. Alimova
Lecturer, Department of "Chinese Philology" Tashkent State University of Oriental Studies, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ajps
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 02 Issue 06-2022
8
American Journal Of Philological Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2273)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
06
Pages:
07-10
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2022:
5.
445
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.963
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
differences between synonyms that was recognized as
the key to their life in the language.
THE MAIN RESULTS AND FINDINGS
A significant study of synonyms was also conducted by
Uzbek, Russian and European linguists. It is especially
important to note the contribution of Russian linguists.
A. A. Bragin writes: "We take as the basis of synonymy
the proximity of meanings expressing shades of one
concept. Thus, the differentiating role of synonyms is
brought to the fore, not only the common meaning of
synonymous words is highlighted, but also even more
important distinguishing features of each of the
synonyms."
Synonymy demonstrates the richness and diversity of
the language. The presence of a large number of
synonyms creates ample opportunities for the
transmission of thoughts and feelings, makes speech
flexible and expressive. The richer the lexical
synonymy, the more possibilities of semantic
expression, the higher the expressive potential of the
language. N. M. Karamzin considers synonyms a source
of language enrichment:"A rich language is one in
which you will find words not only to denote the main
ideas, but also to explain their differences..."
We can also find a number of comments directly on
Chinese synonyms in textbooks, textbooks and studies
of Russian linguists. For example, in the "Handbook of
Chinese Lexicology" by V.I. Gorelov, synonyms are
expressed by the term "tongyici", synonyms are
defined as words expressing the same concept. The
classification of synonyms is mainly based on their two
properties - distinguishing and differentiating
(grading) properties. According to these signs, Chinese
synonyms are divided into three types: semantic-
symbolic, emotional-stylistic and functional-stylistic
synonyms.
Semantic-symbolic synonyms can distinguish many
features, including explicit or implicit concepts, and
sometimes features of human and animal concepts.
For example:
隐藏
[y
ǐ
ncán] - hide (in relation to people
and objects) and
隐瞒
[ynmán] - hide (in relation to
abstract concepts).The function of emotional and
methodological synonyms is to convey the main
meaning of the subject.
In addition, it is a subjective assessment of the word
and an increase in the emotional coloring of the word.
Thus, they perform an emotionally differentiating
function. For example:
团结
[tuánjié] - combine
(includes neutral vocabulary);
勾
结
[gōujié] - find,
stumble (this is a negative coloring);
勾串
[gōuchuàn] -
conspire,
agree
(there
is
a
negative
coloring).Functional and methodological synonyms
define additional meanings. The main function of these
synonyms is to give stylistic coloring to an expression
that performs the function of stylistic differentiation.
For the Chinese, Putonghua is characterized by
synonymous pairs originating from Wenyang.In the
following examples, the words used in putunhua are
connected with venianisms
消
灭
[xiāomiè] (
歼灭
[jiānmiè]) - to destroy;
埋葬
[máizàng] (
安
[ [aznzàng])
- to bury, to bury.
Another Russian linguist A.L.Semenas in his manual on
Chinese vocabulary analyzed synonyms from the point
of view of their division into mainly formal types. In
Chinese, synonyms are divided into several types
according to their form structure. When classifying
them, it is important to first consider how many
syllables there are in a word, and then whether there
are any common or different elements.
Volume 02 Issue 06-2022
9
American Journal Of Philological Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2273)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
06
Pages:
07-10
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2022:
5.
445
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.963
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
The first group includes synonyms expressed in
monosyllabic words. The number of monosyllabic
synonyms in Chinese is not so large compared to other
groups. Many of them belong to the main dictionary.
For example:
看
[kàn] - to look,
见
[jiàn] - to see,
望
[wàng] - to look twice.
The second group includes synonyms represented by
monosyllabic and polysyllabic words.Such synonyms
themselves are also divided into two subgroups. 1.
Synonyms that do not have a common component. For
example:
吹
[chuī] - to brag,
夸口
[kuāku] - to boast.2.
Synonyms of a partially compatible component. For
example:
飞
[fēi] - to fly,
飞翔
[fēixiáng] - to circle (in
the air). Synonyms of the second group often belong
to the category of nouns, and in this case they mean
the same kind of objects, which means that there are
relatively few synonyms in the verb group.
The third group includes polysyllabic words consisting
of two or more syllables. They are also divided into
three groups. 1. Synonyms that do not have a common
component, that is, different components. A small
number of synonyms in this group are words with the
same meaning, that is, absolute synonyms. For
example:
明白
[míngbái] - to understand, to
comprehend;
清楚
[qīngchu] - to comprehend.
In the article by E.Y. Sidelnikova "Modern Chinese
synonymy" (using the example of the adverb
还
hái), it
is emphasized that synonyms should have the
following characteristics:
Synonyms in the narrow sense of the word should
have the same interpretation in the dictionary, i.e.
be translated into the same expression of the
semantic language, reflect the same concept,
object or phenomenon.
Must have the same number of active semantic
valences.
Must belong to the same (deep) part of speech.
All participants of the same SR should be
synonymous with each other, but this does not
oblige them to be interchangeable in speech turns.
Considerable work on the analysis of synonyms has
been carried out and continues in Uzbek linguistics.
The first synonymic dictionary in Uzbek linguistics,
created on the basis of a separate written monumental
language, is a dictionary of synonyms used in
Boburnom. The dictionary was compiled by Mirza
Ahmad Alimov and contains interesting ideas about
language affiliation, grammatical forms, stylistic
features of individual words that form a number of
synonyms in the dictionary. Among the linguists who
have made a significant contribution to the
lexicography of the Uzbek language in general, Doctor
of Philosophy. Ergash Umarov, academician Azim
Khodjaev, Doctor of Philosophy. Olim Usmon, Doctor
of Philosophy. Zokir Marupov, you can refer to such
scientists as Doctor of Philosophy Abduvakhob
Madaliev.
CONCLUSION
As a result, we came to the conclusion that synonyms
are an important part of the vocabulary of the
language, these are words that have different forms
and pronunciation, but their meanings are very close,
they are synonyms. The phenomenon of synonymy
means that words close to each other differ in form.
In Chinese, synonyms are expressed by the concepts
同
义词
[tóngyìcí],
等
义词
[děngyìcí],
近
义词
[jìnyìcí], and
they have different meanings.A review of the works of
Chinese linguists showed that the term
等
义词
[děngyìcí] is used more in the sense of an absolute
Volume 02 Issue 06-2022
10
American Journal Of Philological Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2273)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
06
Pages:
07-10
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2022:
5.
445
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.963
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
synonym, and
同
义词
[tóngyìcí] and
近
义词
[jìnyìcí] - in
the sense of lexical synonyms.
Analysis of scientific works of Uzbek, Russian,
European and Chinese linguists has shown that most of
them give the same definition of the concept of
synonymy.
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1.
Gorelov VI "Lexicology of the Chinese language",
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2.
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lingvisticheskiy
entsklopedicheskiy
slovar, M. 2002 (LES)
4.
Kuznetsov P.S. Morphological classification
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刘月
华，翻文古
”
实用汉语语法
”
北京
2007.
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何世达
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”
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сборника: МЮ Авдониной, СР Агабабян, ВМ
Бухарову, ГМ Василь, 86.
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Ziyamukhamedov, J. (2022). PU Sungling's
Creative Legacy as a Classic Example of Medieval
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