American Journal Of Philological Sciences
104
https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajps
VOLUME
Vol.05 Issue 03 2025
PAGE NO.
104-106
10.37547/ajps/Volume05Issue03-26
Adaptation of legal language to international standards
Kurbanova E'zoza Shuhrat kizi
DSc student at GulSU, Associate Professor at Tashkent, University of Applied Sciences, PhD, Uzbekistan
Received:
22 January 2025;
Accepted:
26 February 2025;
Published:
25 March 2025
Abstract
:
The article discusses the issue of adapting legal language to international standards. The
implementation of the adaptation of legal language to international standards is scientifically described based on
the structure of the sentences used and the entire text, as well as the content of the text.
Keywords:
International standards, legal language, legalese, structure of law, legal terminology.
Introduction:
There is no pure language in the world
that has not adopted a lexical unit from another
language. The adoption of lexical units from one
language to another is a normal phenomenon. It is also
true that in the era of rapidly changing globalization,
concepts related to scientific fields and lexical units
expressing them are entering our language. “Often,
new concepts enter with their own names, that is, with
appropriate terms. Adopted terms used in various
fields and the international terminological elements
contained in them are taking a firm place in our
dictionaries
.” This process includes not only the
adoption of lexemes, but also the introduction of
speech norms of a particular field into the language
system. It is worth noting the adoption of international
standards by relevant international organizations.
“Standard terminology, symbols, product packaging,
markings, as well as rules can be established.
International standards may consist of norms that are
valid not on a global scale, but in specific regions.
”
International standards are more widely used in the
economic sphere. However, the increase in interstate
relations in the legal sphere has led to the need to
adapt the text of laws and the language of legal
documents to international standards. It should be
noted that international standards do not impose an
obligation on the country to formulate all documents
based on international standards. In this regard,
SAGolubok
expresses
the
following
opinion:
“international standards require participating
states to
generalize certain concepts to a minimum level
.” It is
understood that international standards facilitate the
relations of specialists in the field at the international
and local levels.
There are types of legal instruments that are
internationally valid, and the laws of a particular
country are adapted to them. For example, the
Republic of Uzbekistan has ratified dozens of
international treaties on human rights. The
Constitution of our country also includes special norms
regarding international instruments and relations with
them:
“
If an international treaty of the Republic of Uzbekistan
establishes rules other than those provided for in the
law of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the rules of the
international treaty of the Republic of Uzbekistan shall
apply.
”
Also, Article 32 of the Law “On Regulatory Legal Acts of
the Republic of Uzbekistan” states that the draft law
will not be discussed and considered if there is no
comparative table indicating the study of international
documents and principles, definitions, and rules of
foreign countries. All this indicates the importance of
international standards in legal texts and legal language
in general.
As efforts are being made to build a democratic legal
state and develop civil society, it is effective to rely on
international experience in the process of ensuring the
primacy of laws, without restricting human rights and
freedoms. In the process of regulating the issue of legal
language, developing the field, strengthening the
integration of linguistics and law, and developing legal
discourse norms, basing our country on international
standards is even more relevant today, when it comes
to the world. The issue of adapting legal texts and legal
American Journal Of Philological Sciences
105
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American Journal Of Philological Sciences (ISSN
–
2771-2273)
language to international standards is studied by a
relatively new scientific direction - jurislinguistics.
The appendix to the Law “On Normative and Legal Acts
of the Republic of Uzbekistan” states that the main
principles of normative and legal acts are “the clarity
and rigor of the legal form, the fluency and
comprehensibility of the language, the completeness of
the legal regulation of the relevant sphere of relations,
the use of proven terms, concepts and expressions, the
maximum clarity and conciseness of the definition of
norms” . All of the listed pr
inciples in the preparation
of the draft law were, of course, developed based on
foreign experience. The adaptation of legal language to
international standards should not be at the expense of
a
decrease
in
the content
and
level of
comprehensibility of the texts. In this case, attention is
paid to the preservation of the legal, logical and
linguistic perfection of legal texts, while at the same
time meeting international requirements. In fact, one
of the tools that act as a catalyst for the effectiveness
of legal language can be their compliance with
international standards. Most draft laws prepared
without taking into account international standards are
not free from certain shortcomings.
The adaptation of legal language to international
standards occurs on two grounds:
1) in terms of the sentences used and the structure of
the entire text. In this case, the form of the draft law is
created based on international standards. The issue of
the structure of the legal language began to be
discussed in a number of European countries in the
1940s. By the end of the 20th century, legal language
began to be distinguished by several features. The
views of the German scientist W. Otto on this issue
became more widespread. The scientist divides legal
language into several parts: 1) the language of the law;
2) the language of court decisions; 3) the scientific
language of the legal sphere; 4) official-departmental
language; 5) the language of departmental jargons. It
was noted that the language of the law includes lexical
units that are understandable to everyone, while the
language of departmental jargons is used in
conversations on informal legal issues. As a result of
such studies, the structure of legal language began to
acquire its own uniqueness. In general, the structural
aspects of legal language are based on the dichotomy
of the legal and linguistic spheres. Each of the above-
mentioned elements of the structure of legal language
has its own lexical and syntactic features. Also, each of
them is formed through a certain structural system. For
example, laws consist of chapters and articles. In the
legal discourse on the application of the law, the
paragraphs of the relevant chapter and article are also
mentioned. Also, the text of the law includes
information about the organization that adopted it, the
date, and the person who signed it (the president). The
listed aspects are considered structural norms for the
laws of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Of course, such a
structure of legal texts is based on international
standards. Such a structural view of the laws of our
country is consistent with the structure of the laws of
several countries of the world.
2) in terms of the content of the text. The compliance
of the legal language with international standards in
terms of content is also one of the important indicators
of a country's approach to the world. Along with the
country's internal laws and regulations in the legal
sphere, there are also generally accepted standards.
For example, the fact that human rights and freedoms
are the highest value is considered a normative legal
view in all democratic states. The Republic of
Uzbekistan, as a legal democratic state, guarantees the
rights and freedoms of citizens. Therefore, the laws and
legal and regulatory documents of our country are
being harmonized with the laws of democratic states of
the world. For example, the right to life is one of the
personal rights of a person and no one has the right to
deprive him of it. The abolition of the death penalty in
Uzbekistan in 2005 was one of the next steps towards
harmonizing the content and essence of our laws with
international standards. Our opinion is also supported
by the fact that the text of the law on this issue
considers the abolition of the death penalty as part of
the process of "the most important task of reforming
the judicial system of the Republic of Uzbekistan - the
gradual liberalization of criminal, criminal procedural
legislation, and the criminal punishment system." It
turns out that the adaptation of legal language to
international standards will bring our state's relations
with countries of the world to a new level. It will change
the worldview of our population in international
relations. It will facilitate its adaptation to the laws of
other countries.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, it can be said that international
standards are also used for regulatory legal acts in the
legal sphere. In particular, draft laws are not considered
without studying them on the basis of international
experience. Moreover, in our country, laws are formed
on the basis of international standards by their
structural nature. The adaptation of legal language to
international standards is carried out based on the
aspects of the sentences used and the structure of the
entire text, as well as the content of the text. It should
be noted that the existence of international standards
does not necessarily require compliance of all legal acts
with them.
American Journal Of Philological Sciences
106
https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajps
American Journal Of Philological Sciences (ISSN
–
2771-2273)
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