American Journal Of Philological Sciences
242
https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajps
VOLUME
Vol.05 Issue04 2025
PAGE NO.
242-245
10.37547/ajps/Volume05Issue04-62
Theoretical Issues of Mastering Language Levels
Ergashev Doniyor Dovranovich
English Language Teacher, Department Of "Interfaculty Foreign Languages." Non-Governmental Higher Educational Organization
"Alfraganus University", Uzbekistan
Received:
25 February 2025;
Accepted:
21 March 2025;
Published:
24 April 2025
Abstract:
This article analyzes the content of the main levels in linguistics - phonetic, lexical, grammatical,
syntactic, and pragmatic levels, as well as the problems encountered in the process of their assimilation.
Linguodidactic and psycholinguistic factors influencing the study of each level are highlighted. Modern
approaches, teaching methods, and technologies are also considered as a means of effective mastery of language
levels. The importance of a tiered approach in the process of language learning and the problems encountered in
mastering each level are analyzed. In particular, the content of phonetic, lexical, grammatical, syntactic, and
pragmatic levels, methods of working with them, and their role in the formation of language competencies in
students are highlighted. At each level, existing methodological approaches, the use of interactive technologies,
and their effectiveness are discussed. At the end of the article, practical recommendations for effective mastery
of language levels will be given.
Keywords:
Language levels, phonetics, lexicon, grammar, syntax, pragmatics, language learning, methodology,
linguistics, native language, linguistics.
Introduction:
Language is the main tool of human
thought and the culture of society. Each language has a
complex structure, which is studied through certain
levels: phonetic, morphological, lexical, grammatical,
syntactic, and pragmatic. In the process of language
learning, each level should be mastered and perfected
at a separate stage. However, there are many
psychological, methodological, and technological
problems in this process. This article describes
important aspects of language level acquisition and
suggestions for their elimination.
Each language has its own levels, through which the
substantive and formal aspects of the language are
expressed. In linguistics, phonetic, lexical, grammatical,
syntactic, and pragmatic levels are mainly studied as a
separate system. Each of these levels has its own
structural and functional features and plays an
important role in the perfect mastery of the language.
In the process of language learning, it is required to
consistently and deeply master each level. However,
this process depends on many factors - teaching
methodology, the learner's age and level of language
proficiency, as well as the possibilities of using
technological tools. Due to the growing demand for
learning foreign languages in today's era of
globalization, the issue of effective mastery of language
levels is recognized as a pressing scientific and practical
problem.
In this article, methodological, linguistic, and
psychological factors influencing the acquisition of
language levels are analyzed, existing problems and
ways to solve them are studied. The goal is to increase
efficiency through in-depth analysis of the language
learning process based on levels and the integration of
modern approaches into the educational process.
RESULTS
The Uzbek language teaching subject prepares
students to draw general conclusions from observing
language materials, theoretical definitions and rules,
and based on these, oral and written speech
communication,
correct
writing
and
correct
pronunciation. Students enter into live speech
communication by practically mastering correct
pronunciation and correct writing based on theoretical
information, derive elementary theoretical rules by
observing and analyzing language materials, and
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American Journal Of Philological Sciences (ISSN
–
2771-2273)
consciously apply the learned and mastered theoretical
rules to practice. The formation of phonetic and graphic
skills is also based on this principle. Teaching phonetics
and phonology, graphics in their interrelationship
methodologically
serves
as
a
scientific
and
methodological basis for the formation of the following
skills. Phonetics and graphics play a significant role in
mastering spelling skills based on phonetic principles .
The phonetic level is related to the sound system,
stress, and intonation of the language and plays an
important role in the correct formation of
pronunciation.
Many
learners
have
difficulty
developing phonetic differences and phonemic
hearing. Audiolinguistic methods, audio lessons, and
interactive applications can help with this.
At the lexical level, students have difficulty
remembering
the
meaning
of
new
words,
phraseological units, and expressions. Contextual study
of words, visual images, and connotational approaches
alleviate this problem.
The grammatical level depends on the structure of the
language and includes such elements as tenses,
genders, numbers, and cases. Syntax, on the other
hand, forms the structure of a sentence. Many
students, tired of the multitude of rules, cannot apply
them in practice. In this regard, the "learning by doing"
and competency-based approach are effective.
Pragmatics covers the social and cultural aspects of
language in the process of communication. Mastering
such concepts as secondary meanings, irony, will,
sarcasm requires high cultural literacy from the
language learner. This level can be reinforced through
drama, role-playing, and multimedia.
Language, by its very nature, is a multifaceted and
complex system. The process of studying it is carried
out in stages based on levels. When mastering each
level, specific methods, techniques, and approaches
should be applied.
The phonetic level includes the system of language
sounds, stress, intonation, and articulation. When
mastering this level, it is necessary to correctly form
pronunciation and pay attention to phonemic
differences.
Problems:
➢
Influence of the phonetics of the native
language (interference);
➢
Difficulties in distinguishing between
sounds;
➢
Inability to use intonation correctly.
Solutions:
➢
Use of the audiolingual method;
➢
Phonetic dictations and pronunciation
exercises;
➢
Interactive activities through mobile
applications (for example: Elsa, Forvo, italki).
The lexical level consists of the vocabulary of
the language, phraseological units, terms, and stable
combinations.
Problems:
➢
Lack of context in word memorization;
➢
Inability to distinguish between
synonyms and antonyms;
➢
Incorrect
use
of
phrases.
Solutions:
➢
Contextual learning (words are learned
in a story or situation);
➢
Visual cards and flashcards;
➢
Increasing activity through game-
based activities.
The grammatical level encompasses aspects
such as the morphological structure of language, tense,
gender, number, person, case, and verb forms.
Problems:
➢
Numerous and complex rules;
➢
Inability
to
apply
theoretical
knowledge in practice;
➢
The grammatical model of each
language
should
be
different.
Solutions:
➢
Combination
of
inductive
and
deductive approaches;
American Journal Of Philological Sciences
244
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American Journal Of Philological Sciences (ISSN
–
2771-2273)
➢
Interactive
grammar
exercises
(Kahoot, Quizlet);
➢
Exercise based on model sentences.
Syntax studies sentence structure, sentence
parts,
and
their
interrelationships.
Problems:
➢
Violation of word order in sentence
construction;
➢
Incorrect construction of complex
sentences;
➢
Understanding the role of parts of
speech.
Solutions:
➢
Construction and analysis of model
sentences;
➢
Exercises for sentence reconstruction;
➢
Using sentences in a conversational
situation.
The view that language consists of several
interconnected and interdependent layers has a long
history. In particular, the division of the structure of
language into three parts in traditional linguistics,
lexical and grammatical parts, and the division of
linguistics, which studies these parts, into three
sections, is a vivid example of understanding language
as a whole of such layers. But before the formation of
systemic-structural linguistics, such an understanding
of the internal structure of language as a layer was the
first results of practical observation, and the
stratification of language was not scientifically
substantiated. The formation and development of
systemic-structural
linguistics
scientifically
substantiated the peculiarity of the internal structure
of language, the gradual development of internal
structural units from simple to complex, the fact that
the unit of the lower level shows its function within the
unit of the higher level. The emergence of the concept
of the linguistic level was prompted by the recognition
of the dual nature of language, the fact that each of the
formal and substantive aspects has its own internal
structure, that each of them is a small system consisting
of the relationship of its internal organs, thus, the
structure of language is in the order of a system of
systems, and the relationship between them drives the
language mechanism. Although the concept of the
linguistic level was later recognized by a number of
linguists, this term began to be used in a very broad
sense.
CONCLUSIONS
Making a language perfectly is a complex and step-by-
step process, and each of its levels: phonetic, lexical,
grammatical, syntactic, and pragmatic components are
important for the learner. The analysis showed that
there are specific problems in mastering each level:
pronunciation at the phonetic level, increasing
vocabulary at the lexical level, correct application at the
grammatical and syntactic levels, and communication
appropriate to the context at the pragmatic level.
In the context of today's digital education, interactive
technologies, multimedia tools, modern teaching
methods, and individual approaches are of great
importance for overcoming these problems. As a result
of using separate classes for each level, tasks organized
on the basis of real-life situations, role-playing games,
and a virtual learning environment, the effectiveness of
language teaching increases.
Mastering language levels is a complex, but very
important process for both the language teacher and
the learner. Each level requires a unique approach,
methods, and tools. We offer the following
suggestions:
•
Textbooks should include a system of
independent exercises for each level.
•
The widespread use of multimedia and AI tools
(e.g., ChatGPT, Duolingo, LingQ) contributes to faster
mastery of language levels.
•
Through interactive activities with students:
role-playing games, dramatic exercises, video
discussions, pragmatic and syntactic levels are
effectively formed.
•
Diagnostic tests and mechanisms for final
assessment should be developed for each level.
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58.
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Abduazizov, A. A. (2019). Fundamentals of linguistics.
Tashkent: "Science and Technology."
Soliyev, A. (2021). "Formation of Phonetic Competence
in Language Teaching." Philology Problems, No. 3, 52-
58.
American Journal Of Philological Sciences
245
https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajps
American Journal Of Philological Sciences (ISSN
–
2771-2273)
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