American Journal Of Philological Sciences
172
https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajps
VOLUME
Vol.05 Issue04 2025
PAGE NO.
172-174
10.37547/ajps/Volume05Issue04-42
Ethnopedagogical And Ethnofolkloristic Features of
Karakalpak Children's Games Folklore
Quwandiq Biysenbaev
Doctoral student, Nukus State Pedagogical Institute named after Ajiniyaz, Uzbekistan
Received:
23 February 2025;
Accepted:
19 March 2025;
Published:
22 April 2025
Abstract:
The article emphasizes the educational aspects of game songs belonging to Karakalpak folklore,
including children's game folklore, as an independent genre. Ethno-pedagogical features of children's game
folklore are also analyzed.
Keywords:
Children's game folklore, ethnopedagogy, ethnofolkloristics, game songs, educational aspects.
Introduction:
In world literary studies, research is
currently being conducted on the genesis of children's
folklore and written literature, the tendency of literary
connections and mutual creative influence in children's
literature, and the evolution of lyrical genres and poetic
forms in children's poetry in the following areas:
identifying the typology of literary fairy tales in world
children's literature; clarifying the genre characteristics
of 21st-century children's literature; identifying the
principles of development and concepts of
development of children's poetry, prose, and drama;
creating a comparative theory of the composition of
genres in world children's literature in order to identify
the specific artistic and aesthetic characteristics of
artistic traditions that determine the principles of
renewal of modern children's literature.
Karakalpak children's literature, nourished by its own
internal sources and the wellsprings of world literature,
has developed as a distinct form of literature.
Today, in the world folklore science, special attention is
paid to the process of emergence and identification of
the historical-poetic, evolutionary development path of
genres of folk oral creativity created for the purpose of
cultivating children's literary consciousness and
aesthetic taste. The ethnopedagogical disclosure of
lyrical examples of folklore for young children is of
historical importance in revealing the foundations of
ethnofolkloristics, in the integrative development of
folk oral creativity with such disciplines as pedagogy
and ethnography. Folklore is one of the main sources in
restoring the national values of our people that have
been formed over many centuries. One of such urgent
issues is the study of children's folklore, which is a part
of it, in the context of adult folklore.
METHODS
In all genres of folklore created by the Karakalpak
people over the centuries, the difficult life of the people
is reflected to the same extent. All this is instilled into
life through folk songs. So, the people who created
children's literature set a goal to give elementary
concepts and advice to their most beloved children
from the world, our society, economy, politics, culture,
depending on their age. Thus, they created songs from
children's lives. They are part of children's folklore. That
is why each of the children's songs has its own separate
history, sources of origin. Each song has its own unique
characteristics, content, idea, artistic features,
character, educational features.
Regarding children's literature that emerged under the
influence of folklore, N. Davkaraev, Q. Ayimbetov, I.
Qurbanbaev, and Q. Makhsetov have expressed their
views and concepts and classified them in Karakalpak
literary studies and folklore studies.
N. Davkaraev, regarding the specifics of children's
songs, states: "These specifics are, first of all, that they
are sung in a collective manner, secondly, that they are
performed as folk games, thirdly, that they are sung in
a question-and-answer form, that they are thematically
diverse" and divides them into types and genres [2:136-
137]. The scientist studies the issues of performers of
American Journal Of Philological Sciences
173
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American Journal Of Philological Sciences (ISSN
–
2771-2273)
children's literature in folklore, the order of
performance, and their role in developing children's
thinking.
Q.Ayimbetov writes that "playful songs are children's
games, and when children play as a team, some of the
games are performed with poetic songs" [1:23-24].
Games such as "Teppek", "Manglay shertpek",
"Avelemen-duvelemen", "Ang'alaq", "Arpa-gurpe",
"Qasharman", "Yashirinbak", "Go-kek", which are
included in the oral literature of the Karakalpak people,
which are built in the form of games, strengthen the
unity, friendship, and harmony of children, and
secondly, if one knows what games the children of the
Karakalpak people played in the past, and thirdly, one
understands the educational significance of these
games.
RESULTS
The examples of Karakalpak children's games folklore
recorded and published in books for children to date
(“Túlkishek”,
“Hákke
qayda”,
“Áwelemen
-
dúwelemen”, “Aq terekpe, kók terekpe”, “Gaq
-
ģaq
-
ģarģalar”, “Túye, túye –
túyeler”, “Sonar, sonar –
kansonar”, “Qalıń
-
qalıń qat temir”, “Kim küshli”,
“Kumırsqa
-
ha kumyrsqa”, “Ay
-barmaq-
abay barmaq”,
“Kayda
-
kayda barasan”, “Úrk
er, Úrker
–
shoq zuldız”,
“bala,
bala
-
balpaq…”,
“Haywanlar
kalayınsha
dawıslaydı”, “Quwır
-
quwır quwırmash”, “Shır aylanba”,
“Bas barmaq, balan üyrek”) are the main objects of
research in this field.
Analyzing such children's games folklore in Karakalpak
children's folklore, the following conclusions can be
drawn:
Karakalpak children's games folklore, as one of the
traditional, independent genres of Karakalpak
children's folklore, fully demonstrates all the poetic
features inherent in folk songs. It has its own special
place among the genres of Karakalpak folklore. Word
games songs, which are one of the expressive oral
forms, are one of the important sources in the study of
children's songs;
Karakalpak children's games folklore opens up the
possibility of its own separate view in terms of its
specific genre features, poetic form, internal content,
system of images, system of motifs and method of
depiction. Word games are seen as a complete poetic
system through certain genre features, literary and
compositional
features,
linguopoetics,
song
construction, meter and rhyme system specific aspects.
The dramatic nature of word games is one of the main
features that distinguish them from other children's
songs;
Karakalpak children's game folklore opens the way to a
correct assessment of the genetic connection between
children's folklore and adult folklore as moving,
question-and-answer songs created by adults for
children. It is noticeable that historical events, fairy
tales and legends were an important basis for their
creation. Therefore, recording and studying separately
samples of the wordgames genre is important not only
in creating a complete understanding of the genres of
Karakalpak folklore, but also in proving their interaction
with adult folklore, as well as in proving that there is an
interaction in the formation of other genres in
children's folklore;
The performance of Karakalpak children's games
folklore takes two forms. By adults to the child and
when the children are performing games actions
among themselves. It is created and performed by
adults for two purposes, firstly, to interest children in
life events, living, and teaching them about big life, and
secondly, to entertain and games with children. In the
first purpose, the games actions are few, in the second
purpose, the games is rich in actions;
In Karakalpak children's games folklore, it is seen that
traditional images that are close and understandable to
children are mainly used. As images, animals, birds,
plants and the child himself directly participate in the
events;
word games songs begin to be performed for children
at a time when the cradle period ends and their games
activity is increasing. Word games serve as an
important tool in introducing a child to his loved ones
and the external environment around him, social life,
the animal world, the plant world, and preparing him
to enter into relations with the outside world;
Karakalpak children's games folklore is designed for
young children, so it is created in a more simple and
understandable language, in a concise form, suitable
for games. In them, events are described through
questions;
Folk pedagogy has long paid great attention to ensuring
that the child is mentally and physically mature,
responsive, resourceful, and interested in events.
Therefore, even a special folk song system - word
games - has been formed in this regard.
Children's play songs or other works intended for
children are closely related to games. The reason is
that, while playing various games, children, firstly,
physically train their bodies, and secondly, they, adding
to these games, perform various songs and other
literary works, develop their thinking, in other words,
satisfy their spiritual needs. Valuable ideas have been
expressed by literary theorists about the harmony of
literary creativity and play.
American Journal Of Philological Sciences
174
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American Journal Of Philological Sciences (ISSN
–
2771-2273)
The song " Aq terek pe, kók terek " is a folkloric
example:
Aq terek pe, kók terek,
Bizden sizge kim kerek,- deydi.
Ekinshi topardaģi balalar:
Aydı
-
aydın jol kerek,
Sheber-sheber qol kerek,
Kim ádepli tártipli,
Bolsa bizge sol kerek.
The song continues in this form, calling out the name of
a child. If the child runs and writes down the hands of
the second ball, he takes the child whose hand is
written down with him to his ball. If he cannot break
away, he himself goes to this ball and joins it.
Depending on the abilities and individuality of the child
being called out in the song, improvisation is used in the
lyrics of the song.
As a writer and scientist, I. Kurbanbaev, relying on the
experiences of universal world children's literature,
dwells on the following final, necessary specific
features of Karakalpak children's literature: "Works
intended for children mainly have the following four
different features: first, the clarity of direction, idea,
description, so that children quickly perceive the
essence of the story; simplicity of descriptive skills,
their quick impact on children's senses, ability to
awaken their sense of beauty; secondly, the essence of
the work should be easily and skillfully constructed,
developing from simple to complex, and the clarity of
the characters' behavior in order for children to quickly
understand it; thirdly, the events, the plot, should be
described in a truthful manner with subtle, beautiful
sensations that should quickly affect the inner world of
children and leave long-lasting impressions in their
minds. Because such works should educate children for
a bright future and courage with their beautiful
sensations... [4]
By giving such examples, we would like to fully support
these ideas of the scientist and emphasize once again
their scientific, theoretical and literary methodological
significance for the education of young adolescents and
the future generation.
Men apamnıń tuńǵıshıman,
Jawma kúnim, jawma!
Qazan qırar qırǵıshıman,
Jawma kúnim jawma!
Of course, teaching these to children expands their
understanding of phenomena.
In addition to these, children's and humorous songs
such as "Hakke qayda?", "Avelemen, duvelemen!" and
others have a strong impact on students and are a great
lesson for students of fine literature, and all of them are
seen as active symbols of children's folklore.
CONCLUSION
In folk pedagogy, great attention has long been paid to
ensuring that children are mentally and physically
mature, responsive, resourceful, and interested in
phenomena. That is why a special folk song system has
even been formed in this regard - children's play songs.
That is why children's play songs have both an
educational and educational purpose in the direction of
aesthetic education - to convey to the child's
consciousness. Children's play songs, as an integral part
of folk pedagogy, have passed a unique stage of
spiritual and literary development. By studying them,
one can not only identify the types of traditional
children's songs found in the oral art of the people, but
also learn more about the unique poetic development
of children's folklore.
REFERENCES
Айымбетов Қ. Халық даналығы. –
Нөкис:
Қарақалпақстан, 1988. –
Б. 23
-24.
Дәўқараев
Н.
Шығармалары.
–
Нөкис:
Қарақалпақстан, 1997. –
Т. II. –
Б. 136
-137.
Keńesbay Allambergenov, Ismayl Qurbanbaev, Sarsen
Kazaxbaev Qaraqalpaq balalar ádebiyatı tariyxı (Oqıw
qollanba). - Tashkent: «Tafakkur avlodi», 2020.
Қурбанбаев И. Қарақалпак балалар әдебияты.
-
Нөкис: «Билим», 1992.
