Volume 03 Issue 12-2023
154
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
12
P
AGES
:
154-159
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
(2023:
7.
164
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
In this article, in order to prepare mentally retarded children for social household life, conduct correctional
educational, educational, developmental work with disabled children, adapt them to the social society, use their
opportunities, bring them to adulthood so that they can serve themselves and benefit the society to a certain extent.
Attention is paid to the importance of the role of the family, which is one of the most urgent issues of every country.
KEYWORDS
Psychologist, special education, mentally retarded, expert, pedagogue, disabled.
INTRODUCTION
Research Article
SPECIFIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MENTAL AND PHYSICAL
DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN WITH MENTAL IMPAIRMENT
Submission Date:
December 07, 2023,
Accepted Date:
December 12, 2023,
Published Date:
December 17, 2023
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajsshr/Volume03Issue12-20
L.Sh.Nurmuhamedova
Associate professor, PhD, at Tashkent State Pedagogical Institute named after Nizami, Uzbekistan
Xabibullayeva Orungul Nurmuxammedovna
1st year master's student at Special pedagogy and Inclusive Education faculty, Oligophrenopedagogy,
Uzbekistan
Xudaynazarova Noila Raxmatjon qizi
1st year master's student at Special pedagogy and Inclusive Education faculty, Oligophrenopedagogy,
Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ajsshr
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 03 Issue 12-2023
155
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
12
P
AGES
:
154-159
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
(2023:
7.
164
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
Conducting correctional educational, educational and
developmental work with disabled children, adapting
them to social society, bringing them to adulthood so
that they can serve themselves and benefit society to a
certain extent is one of the most urgent issues of every
country. After all, according to the words of our
president Sh. M. Mirziyoyev, "The spirituality of any
nation is determined by its attention to disabled people
living in this society."
Considered by the President of our Republic as the
highest priority of the state policy, the Decision No. PD-
4860 "On measures to further improve the system of
education for children with special educational needs"
and the Cabinet of Ministers "Special Education It was
reflected in the decision No. 638 "On approval of
normative legal documents related to education of
children with special needs". As a result of these works,
all aspects of inclusive education, methods of
implementation, goals and tasks, reforms in this area
are included in the Regulation "On the procedure for
organizing inclusive education in general secondary
education organizations", 2020-2025 Concept of
development of inclusive education in the system of
public education in 2020-2025, defined in the
"Roadmap" for the implementation of the concept of
development of inclusive education in the system of
public education in 2020-2021, Significant work is being
done on implementation.
In accordance with the practical results of the concept,
inclusive education was introduced in 135 general
secondary schools across the Republic, and more than
200 children with special needs were involved in
inclusive education.
Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan
dated December 1, 2017 "On measures to
fundamentally improve the system of state support for
persons with disabilities" No. PD-5270, dated April 29,
2019 "People of the Republic of Uzbekistan on the
approval of the concept of the development of the
education system until 2030" decrees No. PD-5712, No.
PD-4860 of October 13, 2020 "Measures for further
improvement of the education system for children
with special educational needs and Decision No. 638 of
the Cabinet of Ministers of October 12, 2021 "On
Approval of Regulatory Legal Documents Regarding
Education of Children with Special Educational Needs"
and other regulations A number of laws and decisions
of our state have included measures related to the full
education of children with special needs in the
implementation of the tasks defined in legal
documents, the support of the society, their
integration into the society along with the healthy
ones, and adaptation in social life. Currently, on the
initiative of the President, care is being taken in our
country to restore the health of mothers and children,
to provide education and training to children born with
disabilities, weak and other defects, and to raise them
Volume 03 Issue 12-2023
156
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
12
P
AGES
:
154-159
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
(2023:
7.
164
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
to become useful people for society. A number of laws
and decisions of our state have included measures
related to the full education of children with special
needs, the support of the society, their integration into
the society along with the healthy ones, and
adaptation in social life. Currently, on the initiative of
the President, care is being taken in our country to
restore the health of mothers and children, to provide
education and training to children born with
disabilities, weak and other defects, and to raise them
to become useful people for society. Russian
psychologist L. Ch. According to Ivanov, speech is
closely connected with thinking. Without speech, a
person cannot think without language tools. He says
that speech cannot be a language if there is no
thought. As can be seen from the above opinion of
Ivanov, speech and thought processes are closely
related to the mental development of a person. The
ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle emphasized that
the absence of one of the organs of human perception
or its violation does not allow the overall development
of the wholeness and wholeness, and evaluates the
auditory analyzer as follows: , hearing is an important
organ of understanding the world around. In
connection with this, it can be said that a person who
has not heard since birth is naturally dumb." G.N.
Mersiyanova, G.M. Dulnev, V.I. Antipov, V.I. Karvyalis,
Ya. Ya. Kravalis, S.L. Mirsky, Ye.A. Kovaleva, V.F.
Machikhina, N.P. Pavlova, V.A. Shinkarenko, I.P.
Former Soviet scientists like Freytag conducted
scientific research on issues such as education and
upbringing of mentally retarded children in our
republic, elimination of their defects, pedagogical
features of raising a disabled child in the family S. Sh.
Aytmetova, L.R. Mominova, I.G. Radisheva, G.B.
Shoumarov, D.A. Gordienko, S.G. Kim, A. Soatov, V.S.
Rakhmonova, Z. B. Em, G.A. Sodikova, R.Sh.
Shomakhmudova, P.M. Polatova, D.A. Nurkeldiyeva,
M.P. Khamidova, L.Sh. Nurmukhamedova, Sh.M.
Researched in Amirsaidovaar's research. As a result of
research studies and their analysis, the formation and
activation of the cognitive activity of mentally retarded
children is very complex and requires a systematic
approach. The education system implemented in each
country is based on certain goals. The tasks of
independence today require updating the content of
the education system. This creates the need to connect
social education and family education in a meaningful
way. Since special correctional pedagogy is a
component of general pedagogy, these tasks have
become the priority tasks of this field, and their
implementation is to search for new methods and
ways of organically connecting special pedagogy with
family education and social education. -requires
conducting practical research. The development of the
state and society, its prospects are determined by the
physical fitness and health of citizens living in this state.
The birth of an unhealthy and disabled child, expected
with good dreams, is a tragedy for any family.
Volume 03 Issue 12-2023
157
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
12
P
AGES
:
154-159
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
(2023:
7.
164
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
The sharp and conflicting changes in the social,
political, economic, and ecological spheres that have
entered our lives in recent years have fundamentally
changed it. We want to mention that it also leads to the
increase of children with physical and mental
disabilities, which is the goal of our topic. According to
UN data, there are about 450 million children with
disabilities worldwide. According to UNESCO data,
among them there are around 200 million children in
need of special assistance. The adoption of state
documents on the life of young people and their social
protection in our republic is a fundamental change of
attention to young people in the life of an independent
state. shows that it has changed. The remarkable
aspect of the policy being conducted in this area is that
the future of the young country is in the hands of the
healthy generation, and this policy is not recognized
even by the representatives of foreign countries. After
all, "Implementation of the rules of social justice means
ensuring the socially protected and guaranteed rights
of the most vulnerable sections of the population - the
elderly, the disabled, orphans, families with many
children, and students" (4) of our country. It is
instructive in all respects that it constitutes the essence
of his policy in the social and spiritual sphere. The
social, economic, and environmental changes taking
place in our society are causing an increase in the
number of children with physical and mental
disabilities. In documents such as the World
Declaration and the World Convention on the Rights of
the Child, as well as in Article 46 of the Constitution of
the Republic of Uzbekistan, in Articles 23 of the Law
"On Education" and in special laws, there is a defect in
physical or mental development. and establishment of
specialized educational institutions for education,
upbringing and treatment of children in need of long-
term treatment is emphasized. It is of great importance
to cooperate with the family, school and neighborhood
in the implementation of the elimination, correction
and development of disabilities in children in need of
assistance, and it is guaranteed by the state. Based on
these requirements, providing education to children in
need and adapting them to life requires special
knowledge and an approach that knows the
characteristics of a disabled child. The fact that one of
the main tasks is to educate mentally retarded
children, to prepare them for life as an active person,
but this problem is almost not sufficiently researched
from the scientific point of view, shows the relevance
of the selected problem. The pedagogical views of
scholars who lived in Asia are important. For example,
Abu Ali Ibn Sina's "Isharat", "Donishnama", "Hayy ibn
Yaqzan", "Solomon and Ibson", "Laws of Medicine",
"Tadbir ul- "Manozil" contains views on all forms of
education. These views have been a school for
educating children for hundreds of years. considers
secret to be the same environment for child education.
He notes that all good and bad behavior is formed as a
result of conditions, education, environment and
habituation.
Volume 03 Issue 12-2023
158
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
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2771-2141)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
12
P
AGES
:
154-159
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
(2023:
7.
164
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
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