Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
89
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
89-93
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
(2023:
7.
164
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
The article considers the psychological preparation of an athlete as an effective and conscious management of his
own personal psychological state in competition conditions and self-education of the will. The result of successful
sports achievements is largely determined by psychological preparation. This, in turn, is one of the most important
factors ensuring achievements in sports training.
KEYWORDS
Psychological training, sports psychologist, psychodiagnostics, strong-willed qualitie, psychological factor.
INTRODUCTION
One of the directions of improving sports training is the
use of achievements of sports psychology. Improving
the training of modern athletes is a multifaceted and
multifaceted task. It includes a number of areas,
including the improvement of technical and tactical
training, the search for new ways to improve the
athlete's performance. Coaches, psychologists and
athletes themselves are constantly searching for ways
that would ensure the maximum possible increase in
sports results. Modern psychological science has a
substantial arsenal of methods, technologies and tools
that can significantly influence the effectiveness of
training and competitive processes.
The main goal of psychological training is to develop
psychological personality traits and mental qualities
necessary for an athlete to achieve a high level of
Research Article
METHODS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL PREPARATION OF AN ATHLETE
Submission Date:
May 21, 2023,
Accepted Date:
May 26, 2023,
Published Date:
May 31, 2023
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajsshr/Volume03Issue05-16
Abdumadjidova Dildora Rakhmatullayevna
Phd, Psychologist Of The Sports Psychology Department Republican Scientific And Practical Center Of Sports
Medicine Under The National Olympic Committee Of The Republic Of Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ajsshr
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
90
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
89-93
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
(2023:
7.
164
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
athletic excellence, mental stability and readiness to
perform in responsible competitions.
The main task of psychological preparation for specific
competitions is to create in an athlete a state of mental
readiness to perform in competitions and help
maintain
it
during
wrestling.
Psychological
preparedness should be understood as the level of
development of a complex of mental qualities and
psychological properties and personality traits of an
athlete, on which the perfect and reliable performance
of sports activities in extreme conditions depend [2,
с.141].
The solution of the tasks of psychological preparation
of athletes is carried out with the help of appropriate
methods and means. Common means of psychological
preparation of athletes are: physical exercises; means
of technology;
tactics of this sport. Special psychological means:
1.
Psychological exercises, influences and influences.
2.
Organization of the psychological climate in the
sports team, group team actions.
3.
Psychological education of coaches and athletes.
4.
Psychological means of regulation and self-
regulation of mental state.
For the development and formation of mental
processes and functions of athletes, it is necessary to
use the following means, methods and techniques:
performing various exercises (physical, psychological,
etc.) against the background of fatigue, emotional
excitement, in conditions of time deficit and space
limitation, maximum physical effort, in conditions of
modeling sports activity.
For the development of tactical thinking
–
the
development and compilation of tactical options and
creative tasks, simulation of the enemy's game,
watching movies, videos, analysis of the training work
carried out, drawing up individual and team plans,
tasks for tactical actions.
For the education of moral and volitional qualities of an
athlete's personality and emotional stability, the
following are of paramount importance: personal
example of a coach, explanation, persuasion,
motivation to activity, encouragement, assignment,
discussion, punishment, punishment; various methods
of psychoregulation and self-regulation, exercises in
complicated conditions of activity [11, с. 67].
Recently, various technical means have been used to
solve the problems of psychological training in the
educational and training process, which can be divided
into three groups:
1. Various equipment and simulators.
2. Registration equipment.
3. Demonstration equipment (video recorder, movie
projector, etc.).
Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
91
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
89-93
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
(2023:
7.
164
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
Various equipment and simulators are intended for the
development of skills and the formation of specialized
perceptions (for the development of attention,
musculoskeletal sensitivity, etc.). Trainers with
recording equipment can use it as a means of urgent
information, studying various parameters - time, space,
the nature of movement, effort, etc. At the same time,
even modern equipment and equipment still do not
guarantee the effectiveness of psychological training.
The effectiveness is directly dependent on the creative
use of these tools in the process of psychological
preparation.
Conducting psychological training. Depending on the
type of sport and the specific tasks of psychological
training, various forms of classes are used: individual,
group, team.
1. The individual form of classes can be of two variants:
independent classes without a coach and under the
guidance of a coach. Individual classes can be held
simultaneously for all athletes of a team or group, but
everyone works according to their own plan.
2. The group form of classes involves the distribution
of all those engaged in a number of characteristics into
different groups, and each works according to its own
plan.
3. The team form of classes solves private and general
tasks subordinate to collective ones (psychological
climate, teamwork, compatibility, etc.).
According to the content of classes, they can be
thematic or complex.
The thematic lesson is devoted to one of the sections
of psychological training (for example, on the
development of attention distribution and switching).
A comprehensive lesson provides for the development
of several mental qualities. For example, the
development of tactical thinking, perception of time
and the formation of a number of strong-willed
qualities.
One of the very important sections of the work of a
psychologist is the organization and conduct of
psychological and educational work with a coach.
Psychological preparation for competitions in sports is
a psychological and pedagogical problem. It would
seem that not only psychological, but also pedagogical
aspects of it should be intensively developed by
specialists in the theory and methodology of sports
training, as well as by coaches of sports teams, at least
in order to generalize personal experience or
experience in implementing recommendations arising
from psychological research [15, с.319].
Psychological training is one of the aspects of the use
of scientific achievements of psychology, the
implementation of its means and methods to improve
the effectiveness of sports activities. In this regard,
psychological training is closely connected with the
Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
92
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
89-93
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
(2023:
7.
164
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
improvement of the psychological culture of sports,
with the interdisciplinary interaction of sports
sciences.
The steady and significant growth of sports
achievements, records, characteristic of world sports,
shows the insufficiency of three types of training
(physical,
technical,
tactical).
Modern
sports
competitions require a huge expenditure of not only
physical, but also mental energy from the participants.
Even a well-physically and technically trained athlete
cannot win if he has insufficiently developed the
necessary mental functions and psychological
personality traits. All this suggests the need for a
fourth type of athlete training
–
psychological.
The coach is of the most important importance in the
organization of appropriate psychological behavior
and training of an athlete at all stages. The main goal of
a coach is not so much winning competitions and
sporting achievements of the athlete he brings up, but
also
comprehensive
development,
education,
formation of a socially adaptable person capable of
making full use of the cultural heritage of the society in
which he lives, as well as striving for constant self
–
improvement and self-development. The achievement
of this goal is possible in the conditions of selection and
implementation by the coach of a system of principles,
methods and means of psychological preparation of
the athlete, the most suitable for each specific
situation [16, с.34]. Methods and means should be
selected depending on the goals set, the content
component, the nature of the impact (the trainee
himself or other participants in the psychological and
pedagogical impact). Accuracy, correctness and
timeliness of their selection and use are the key
competence of a good sports coach.
Let's consider a system of methods and means of
psychological preparation of an athlete, which can be
used by a coach for psychological preparation of an
athlete. Depending on the goals set, they are divided
into: mobilizing; corrective; relaxing.
1. Mobilizing
–
aimed at increasing mental tension,
intensification of intellectual and motor activity of the
trainee. The category of mobilizers includes such
verbal means as self-persuasion and self-denial. The
coach should train the athlete to use special exercises
for psychoregulation, abstraction and concentration of
attention. At the first stages, when mental strength is
insufficient, such physiological means of influence as
toning acupuncture, general and special sports
massage are possible.
2. Corrective, as a rule, refer to verbal methods of
influence and are in the form of extraneous
interference. These can be various ways of replacing
the athlete's existing anxiety about the possible
negative outcome of the competition by concentrating
on the technique of performing tactical movements,
methods of positive or negative motivation, methods
Volume 03 Issue 05-2023
93
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
05
Pages:
89-93
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
(2023:
7.
164
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
of rationalizing fears, consisting in deciphering all the
processes taking place and, as a result, reducing
anxiety about the unknown, methods of pumping
emotions, consisting in intentionally depicting anger,
happiness, rage, fear and their deactivation.
3. Relaxing
–
aimed at reducing the degree of tension,
both mental and physical, facilitate and accelerate the
processes of general mental and physiological
recovery. The trainer can use the following options for
athlete relaxation: complete relaxation, progressive
relaxation, consisting in alternating tension and
relaxation of the specified muscle groups, pauses of
psychoregulation, general or acupuncture soothing
massage.
The purpose of psychological training of an athlete in
improving the effectiveness of sports achievements
for all participants is the same - creating maximum
conditions for achieving sports results and helping in
the transition to the sport of higher achievements.
Unity of purpose for all participants is a necessary
feature in the organization of psychological support,
contributing to progress in a single direction and
creating an atmosphere of community.
Psychological preparation of athletes to achieve
maximum sports results in sports activities is a stage
aimed at creating a state of psychological readiness for
the competition in athletes, as well as the process of
widespread use of clearly designed methods and
techniques aimed at developing mental and moral
training of an athlete. The main factor of high-quality
psychological training is the maximum concentration
of all the potential capabilities of the athlete, all other
things being equal and approximately the same level of
professional skill. At all stages of the competition and
the training process, psychological readiness is
necessary. She instills the temper and form that every
athlete should have.
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General psychological preparation of an athlete for
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Tiunova, O.V. The use of various forms of
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Yurina, Yu. V. Sports psychology. Psychological
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