Volume 02 Issue 06-2022
43
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
06
Pages:
43-48
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.968
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
The article presents information about the role of thermal power plants in the development of the electric power
industry of Uzbekistan, the history of the TPP, modernization work carried out during the years of independence.
KEYWORDS
Electric power industry, electric power, electric sources, power station, fuel energy industry.
INTRODUCTION
In Uzbekistan, ekonomikietining expects to carry out
major repairs. Mr. yilarida Uzbekistan power
engineering of Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous
Region. Uning is compiled by loiha, kurilish-installation,
construction, repair and energy foidalanish existing
enterprise.
Research Article
THE ROLE OF THERMAL POWER PLANTS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE
ENERGY INDUSTRY OF UZBEKISTAN
Submission Date:
June 01, 2022,
Accepted Date:
June 12, 2022,
Published Date:
June 23, 2022
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajsshr/Volume02Issue06-09
Khakimova Shoira
PhD researcher, National University of Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ajsshr
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 02 Issue 06-2022
44
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
06
Pages:
43-48
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.968
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
MATERIAL AND RESEARCH METHODS
By 1993, due to the introduction of large production
capacities in thermal power plants, the installed
capacity of the electrical system reached 11 thousand.
52 billion a year. The possibility of generating more
than kWh of electricity was created [24].
As a result of the construction of large NPS, the
installed capacity of the energy system in Uzbekistan in
2005 reached 12.0 thousand MW.
Due to the great work done in Uzbekistan on the
electrification of production, the production of
electricity is growing from year to year. If in 2000 in
Uzbekistan 46 bln. kWh of electricity was produced,
compared to 49.3 billion kWh in 2002 alone [5, 165], an
average of 48-57 billion kWh per year in 2000-2007 [2,
17], and 51 billion kWh in 2009, 50.6 billion kWh in 2010
and 51.4 billion kWh in 2011. hours [11, 21]. By 2014, the
country produced 137,000 kWh of electricity per day.
This is 140 times more than the electricity generated in
1940 [13, 26].
Scientists and specialists of the energy industry of the
republic have developed the "Concept of development
of electric power of Uzbekistan". According to this
concept, in 2010 56 bln. kWh of electricity is generated.
At the same time, the main part of the growth was due
to thermal electricity.
From 1991 to 2017, the capacity of the main power
plants in Uzbekistan increased from 11 MW to 12.5 MW.
The development of electricity was accompanied by
the expansion of industrial production, modernization
and technical re-equipment of various sectors of the
economy (oil and gas), the creation of new energy-
intensive industries - railway engineering, automotive.
Geographically,
the
manufacturing
sector
is
characterized by high levels of concentration in two
regions: Syrdarya (accounting for about 1/3 of total
production) and Tashkent (about 40%) [9].
In 2010-2011, 11.5 mln. 37 thermal and hydroelectric
power plants with a capacity of kW. They generated
more than 55 billion kWh of electricity per year. The
length of power lines was more than 228 thousand
kilometers [7, 369]. The total capacity of the network
transformers was 42.6 MW [12, 30].
The share of thermal power plants in the installed
capacity of the energy system of Uzbekistan exceeds
85% [6, 146] and is 22.52% higher than the world average
[18, 70]. These thermal power plants generate 17 billion
kWh of electricity per year. m3 of natural gas is
consumed [20, 3].
The basis of the power system is large power plants
such as Syrdarya, Navoi, New Angren and Tashkent
Thermal Power Plant [17, 3]. These power plants are
equipped with more than 30 modern power units with
a unit capacity of 150 to 300 thousand kW [16, 14].
Natural gas is the main fuel for thermal power plants in
Uzbekistan. In 2002, natural gas accounted for 84.7% of
the total fuel used by thermal power plants, liquid fuel
oil for 11.1% and coal for 4.2%. From 2002 to 2012, the
number of electricity consumers in the country
increased from 1 million to 5.5 million. In 2012, the
demand for electricity amounted to 59.3 billion. kWh,
which is 66.7 billion in 2019. kWh. From this it can be
seen that the demand for electricity increased by 12%
during this period. In turn, the value of electricity
generated in 2012 amounted to 52.9 billion kWh, while
by 2019 it will produce 63.5 billion kWh. Based on these
figures, the electricity generated and the demand for it
differed by 12%, but by 2019 this figure had decreased
to 5% [15, 11-12].
Volume 02 Issue 06-2022
45
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
06
Pages:
43-48
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.968
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
The main demand is for industrial enterprises (about
40%) and agriculture (20-25%). The share of households
was 20-25%, while that of commercial organizations
was 5%.
The largest thermal power plants of the republic are
Syrdarya TPP with 3000 MW, Yangi-Angren TPP with
2100 MW, Tashkent TPP with 1920 MW, Navoi TPP with
1250 MW, Takhiatash TPP with 730 MW [3, 125] . They
are equipped with more than 30 modern power units,
each with a capacity of 150 MW to 300 MW [22, 9].
With the commissioning of 500 kW Sogdiana
substation with a total capacity of 1002 MVA in
Samarkand region, the quality of electricity supplied to
consumers has been improved, electricity transmission
losses have been reduced, electricity transmission
losses have been reduced by 200 million kWh [14, 11].
In December 2000, the Government of Uzbekistan
approved the "Plan for the development and
reconstruction of energy generating capacity in the
energy sector of the Republic for 2001-2010."
The plan envisages the renovation and reconstruction
of Syrdarya, Tashkent, Navoi thermal power plants,
Tashkent and Mubarek thermal power plants,
including the use of gas and gas turbine equipment.
Following the adoption of the plan, two units of the
Syrdarya TPP were re-commissioned (the unit's
capacity was increased to 360 MW) with a loan from
the European Bank for Reconstruction and
Development (ERRB). As a result, the capacity of each
block was brought to the project cost, ie 49 thousand
tons per year. fuel and energy savings of more than 60
MW [19, 25]. The Tashkent Thermal Power Plant
Renovation Project was implemented with a soft loan
from the Government of Japan. The commissioning of
Unit 1 of the Talimarjan Thermal Power Plant in 2005
with a capacity of 800 MW will reduce the energy
intensity of the Samarkand-Bukhara power grid and
will provide 320,000 kWh per year. fuel and energy are
being saved. At the same time, a 500 kV substation
with transformers with 1002 MV was put into operation
[4, 5-6].
In addition, Uzbekenergo has modernized a number of
thermal power plants:
1.
In 2001, at the expense of the EBRD, the first phase
of construction of two power units No. 7 and No. 8
of Syrdarya TPP was completed with Siemens for $
27.8 million. To increase the efficiency of the power
unit, the power unit control system was
reconstructed with the transition from mechanical
control to automation. As a result of the
reconstruction, the capacity of the power unit was
increased to the design capacity of 300 MW [1, 24].
By increasing the actual capacity of the units to 60
MW, reducing the specific fuel consumption to 40
g / kWh, the operating efficiency of the power units
was increased.
2.
According to the program developed on the basis
of the Resolution of the President of the Republic
of Uzbekistan "On priorities for the development
of industry of the Republic of Uzbekistan in 2011-
2015", major modernization projects have been
implemented at the Syrdarya TPP. In particular, in
accordance with the program, modernization and
reconstruction of 2 power units of the station was
carried out. As a result, their service life was
extended to 20 years. In addition, the $ 60 million
project saved more than 120,000 tons of fuel in
2015 alone, reducing costs by 10 percent. After this
modernization, the management and control of
the 1st boiler-turbine shop was transferred to an
automatic system [21, 1-2]. Due to these projects,
the company has the opportunity to generate an
additional 50 megawatts of electricity. In addition,
Volume 02 Issue 06-2022
46
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
06
Pages:
43-48
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.968
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
the amount of conventional fuel used to produce
one kWh of electricity has been reduced, and the
cost of this has been significantly reduced. As a
result, more than 30% of the electricity generated
in the country, ie an average of 15 billion kWh per
year, was generated at this station and delivered to
the economy and the population.
3.
In 2002, the Government of the Republic of
Uzbekistan and JBIC signed an agreement on the
modernization of the Tashkent TPP. Under the
agreement, the Japanese government has
allocated a soft loan of 24.955 million Japanese
yen. The project envisages the construction of a
combined heat and power plant with a capacity of
370 MW and 78 Gcal-hours of heat at the Tashkent
Thermal Power Plant. The project was completed
in 2007. The launch of the steam-gas plant has
resulted in an annual saving of 300 million m3 of
natural gas [19, 40].
4.
The Navoi TPP modernization project envisages
the construction of a modern steam and gas unit
with a capacity of 360 MW. The total cost of the
project is $ 232 million.
5.
The purpose of the investment project of Mubarek
TPP was to reconstruct and expand the existing
capacity of Mubarek TPP with the commissioning
of 2 gas-turbine units with a total capacity of 106.3
MW of electricity and 400 tons of steam per hour.
The total cost of the project, according to the
feasibility study, is $ 103.2 million.
6.
The main purpose of the modernization of the
main transmission lines was to effectively meet the
demand for electricity in Central Asia. The project
includes the rehabilitation of 500 kW substations
and distribution equipment, modernization of
dispatching
and
communication
facilities,
installation of cross-border meters and their
control systems. The Asian Development Bank has
provided $ 70 million and the EBRD $ 47.5 million
for the project.
In addition, in accordance with the program for the
development of the energy industry in 2009-2015, the
government has done a lot to build new energy
facilities,
power
transmission
lines
and
the
reconstruction of existing ones. In particular, the
power unit with a capacity of 800 MW at the Talimarjan
thermal power plant in 2005 and the thermal power
plant at the Navoi thermal power plant with a capacity
of 478 MW in 2012 ($ 351 million loan from the Fund for
Reconstruction and Development of Uzbekistan; with
its own funds, financed by $ 46.8 million in loans from
Uzbek banks) [26], a steam-gas plant was launched,
which will reduce conventional fuel consumption by 1.5
times and save 300 million cubic meters of natural gas.
Projects on construction of steam and gas equipment
with a capacity of 250 MW to 450 MW were
implemented at Talimarjan, Navoi and Takhiatash
thermal power plants [8, 2]. In addition, two steam and
gas power plants with a total capacity of 900 MW were
built in Turakurgan district.
Prospective projects implemented in the energy
system have also become an important factor in the
rapid development of production and improving the
welfare of the population. This can be clearly seen in
the example of large-scale measures taken on the
ground. In particular, the Turakurgan Thermal Power
Plant, built on 76 hectares in the village of Shohidon,
Turakurgan district, is one of such large projects. It is
planned to improve the power supply in the Fergana
Valley through this facility, the construction of which
began by a special decree of the President. The
necessary equipment for the station was provided by
the Japanese agency JICA. The first phase of the $ 1
billion 195.9 million project is scheduled to launch the
most modern steam and gas turbine with a capacity of
Volume 02 Issue 06-2022
47
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
06
Pages:
43-48
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.968
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
450 mV by 2017. [10] According to experts, in 2016, the
demand for electricity in the Fergana Valley regions
amounted to 1,700 MWh. By 2030, with population
growth and manufacturing sectors, this figure is
expected to reach 1,900 mV per hour. The capacity
generated at the Turakurgan thermal power plant fully
meets this need. Another important aspect is that
726.9 million cubic meters of natural gas are saved
annually thanks to the most advanced technologies.
Uzbekistan has Fergana, Mubarek and Tashkent
thermal power plants (TPPs), which generate heat at
the same time as electricity. Fergana Thermal Power
Plant has a capacity of 330,000 kW, Mubarek IEM 60,
Tashkent IEM 30,000 kW.
CONCLUSION
Energy is the lifeblood of the economy. Therefore, the
development of this sector is one of the most pressing
issues. Today, the country has power plants with a total
installed capacity of 14,000 megawatts, which will
reach 20,000 megawatts by 2030. In other words,
today's annual demand for electricity is 59-60 billion. At
a time when kWh, by 2030 this figure will reach 107
billion. kWh.
Also, as a result of the development of economic
sectors and the growing needs of the population in our
country, the demand for electricity is growing day by
day. In 2000, one household user used 114 kWh of
electricity per month, while in recent years this figure
has risen to 200 kWh. Today, the share of the
population in the total use of electricity in the country
has reached 26.5%. In 1990, this figure was 13.9 percent
[20, 3].
A stable and uninterrupted supply of energy resources
is essential for any economic development. Unless the
power supply is perfected, remote areas of Uzbekistan
will remain financially risky for entrepreneurs.
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48
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
06
Pages:
43-48
SJIF
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FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.968
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
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