The Problems of morpheme paradigmatics-and syntagmatics of the Uzbek language
The present research dedicated to the systematic-structural study of the Uzbek Language. It is the first monographical study in which the regularities of morpheme paradigmatics. and syntagmatics arc defined. Ihc starting point of the research is the principle "morpheme in the system of a language", envolving the principle "morpheme in the word composition"* In accordance with this, the morpheme is treated as a unit having a status.of one of the main and central units of a language.
The first chapter deals with the theoretical problems of paradigmatic sad syntagmatic relations in general, the principles of uniting associative units and the ways of their realization, the character of interaction of morpheme paradigm with morpheme functional-semantic fields.
In the dissertation the distinctive pccularities of this mca-' ning from other meanings of a language have been .revealed.
In Turkology following the traditions of indocuropcan languages preference is given to synthetic forms. But analytical forms cxc predominant in these languages. It is stressed that these pccularities must be taken into consideration "and-it gives opportunity reveal synthetical and analytical morphcmics in the composition of common morphcmics.
In the second chapter ("Problems of morpheme paradigmatics") the author researches the pccularities of morpheme idetity, the, correlation of a morpheme and a morph, the bounds and volume of 1 form and meaning variation of morpheme units, issues of varation and ir.variation, "copy" (duplicate) and "standardness" in the range of studied phenomena. It is stated that the morpheme inden-tity is based on synchronous, on the relatively symmetrical cor-' relation of -a form and a meaning, which is assumed to be "both as material and semantic likeness or closeness of variation and in-variation.
In Turkology, in Uzbek linguistics only roots and affixes arc related the object of morphcmics. In the present research the following units.-arc included in the object of mofphcmics: 1) roots and affixes; 2) word-roots as a mode of adjoining; 3) functional-semantic equivalents' of affixes; postpositions, affixes-particles, auxilary, modal and defective verbs, verb building elements; кил, эт, айла. бул, де. affixiods; 4) zero sorpheues; 5) morphcmc-"chamclcons"; the second part-of repetitions: чой-пой (tca-and likewise), нон-пон (bread and likewise); 6) sujerse. Rental means, supermorphemes; 7) reduplicative forms; 8) subciorph: 9) residual unique units. She roots and affixes, "word-roots", analytical and zero forma constitute the main body of mcrphcmics, other units have a status of units in the outlying districts the se units arc researched in morphoscmasiological, corphcmorphological, morphonological, morphosyntactio aspects as a material-ideal phenomena. In view of the fact that the language has a levelled stratification the meaning of morpheme is related the number -of main syntactical units, such as word-building, lexical, syntactical... meaning.
In the course of paradigmatic formation a new classification of morphemes is suggested in the research which includes the previous classification as a root and affixes form. All the morphemes of the language arc combined in two kinds: main morphemes consist of root morphemes and "word-roots"; morphemes consist of affixes and their functional-semantic equivalents, Their classification gives opportunity to outline the functional-semantic formation of the language. In the dissertation arc given in fa-vour of the necessity of introducing new notions-terms into practice, the contour and scope of their usage arc dafind.
The pccularities of the units which arc equivalent of afflzal morphemes arc analysed in a special section. It is pointed out that analytical (or -synthetical-analytical) conjugation doca not dcserv any objection that analytical declension. Functional-semantic approach providca resources to mark out snalyfeical in the uzbek language too due to the fact that most of grammtical categories of Turkish languages represent synthctical-ahlytical categories.
The pccularities of morpheme syntsgmafcics arc related in the third chapter ("She Problems of morpheme syntagmatics) On the basis of impressive facta the author critiaizes view of traditional theory of agglutination presenting morphoayntagal on secession of chains which has no relation opposition. The facts of Uzbek and other Turkish languages show onc-sidcdness and straigh forwardness of such statements. Some morphosyntagms seJm tc be transparent. But the morpheme fuildlng of these languages is stated to have the characteristics of: asymmetryty it a sign, polysemy, polyfunctionality, synchronousness, combination of meanings, complex interaction of diachronic and synchronic phenomena which co-ordinate with the law of hypcragglutination of V.V.Radlov and fuse of A.N.Kononov.
In comfonnable section the author analyses the character of syntagmatics relations, types of raorphosyntagms, kinds of structural asymmetry action of morphological phenomena, influence of such phenomena on the semantic of a language, correlation of a senaiitic and nonscmantic elements.
