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ENERGY EFFICIENT TECHNOLOGIES FOR INDIVIDUAL
CONSTRUCTION
Islomova Nufuza Ismatjon qizi
Assistant of the Department of "Building Materials and Structures"
Jizzakh Polytechnic Institute
(+998888695880, islomovanufuza@gmail.com)
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16901497
ARTICLE INFO
ABSTRACT
Qabul qilindi: 10-Avgust 2025 yil
Ma’qullandi: 15- Avgust 2025 yil
Nashr qilindi: 19- Avgust 2025 yil
This article discusses energy-efficient technologies for
individual construction, characteristics of energy-
efficient houses, features of passive houses, energy-
efficient engineering systems, their advantages, materials
used for these systems, and the development of energy-
efficient material production in the territory of our
country
KEYWORDS
technology, innovation, modern
construction materials, raw
material
base,
product,
construction
materials
industry, fiberglass, window,
window and door blocks, wood,
polymer, sandwich panel, floor,
ceiling, wall, profile, boiler
equipment..
Introduction
. Energy is a beneficial interaction, and its effectiveness increases when
considering the sum of actions performed individually by each person. The word “energy,”
translated from Greek, precisely means “cooperation” or “mutual relation.” The reforms being
implemented in Uzbekistan and efforts to modernize the economy currently require
expanding the introduction of technology and techniques in industrial enterprises, attracting
investments, and using them as efficiently as possible. This is because during the transition to
a market economy in our country, the emergence of various ownership-based productions
and the development of industrial enterprises led to the formation of economic entities such
as enterprises, joint-stock companies, branch companies, and limited liability companies.
These entities create economic conditions through their investments to integrate their
activities into the global community.
Over the past 10-15 years, active discussions, energy-saving programs, theoretical
changes, equipment, and experimental models have not significantly impacted the energy
density of cities and settlements but have created real conditions for reducing the energy
consumption of buildings and facilities. In the 1990s, new housing construction accounted for
about 1% annual growth in residential and industrial areas. Therefore, the main potential for
energy savings lies in the operational sector through reconstruction and renovation of
existing facilities. According to experts’ calculations, heat losses in buildings are distributed as
follows: up to 40% due to unauthorized use of hot air and unregulated operational regimes;
up to 30% due to the low thermal conductivity of enclosed structures; and losses related to
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heating systems. Urban planning, architecture, design, construction, engineering, and
operation are interconnected and require a systematic approach and economically sound
regulation of energy-saving measures. Energy-saving architectural planning solutions relate
to planning decisions, especially the ratio of buildings to the total area, the ratio of window
glass to exterior walls, the construction of planned buildings, and their relative placement.
The most efficient types of energy-saving exterior walls are multilayer composite
structures of walls and cladding using mineral-based materials. The primary reserves of heat
saving can be achieved by insulating existing buildings. Heating external walls—being the
most expensive and labor-intensive process—can reduce heat loss by approximately 12-15%.
Increasing the efficiency of boiler equipment; eliminating heat losses in district heating
networks; modernizing heating and hot water supply systems in buildings; accounting for the
housing stock; and regulating energy consumption are essential tasks.
Recommended Measures:
Use of high-quality boiler equipment that eliminates the need for heat networks when
installed on building roofs, including locally produced container-type boiler rooms;
Transition to automated heat points – besides using jet mixers and pumps, ensuring
free and quality regulation of liquid supply. Regulation should consider day and night cycles,
winter-autumn-spring periods, weekends, heat demand cycles, etc.
Transition to automatic control systems, enabling independent switching from
centralized heating and dual-tariff electric energy to gas or electric heaters in apartments for
hot water supply.
Installation of heat energy meters measuring up to 25% of the total volume to enable
heat energy saving. Consumption for hot water accounts for 8-10%. Measurement and control
systems in heating networks help prevent overheating of rooms during temporary
temperature increases of outdoor air and indoor conditions, allowing temperature regulation
during the heating season (10-12%).
The development of energy-saving buildings traces back to the historical culture of
northern peoples, who built homes that retained heat and consumed fewer resources. A
classic example of improving energy efficiency in homes is the Russian stove equipped with
thick walls for good heat retention and complex flues.
Experiments in modernizing buildings for energy saving date back to 1972 with a
building constructed in Manchester, New Hampshire (USA). The building had a cubic shape
minimizing the external surface area, with glass areas not exceeding 10%, reducing heat loss
through architectural planning solutions. There were no glass claddings on the north side. The
flat roof was made in bright colors to reduce heating and, accordingly, reduce ventilation
demands in warm seasons. Solar collectors were installed on the roof.
Between 1973 and 1979, the ECONO-HOUSE complex was built in Otaniemi. In addition
to complex spatial planning considering location and climate, the building used a special
ventilation system that heated air with solar rays collected by specially glazed windows and
shutters. Additionally, solar collectors and geothermal devices were integrated into the
building's overall heat exchange system. The patches on the roof were designed considering
the width of the construction site and the angle of solar radiation at different times of the
year.
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An interesting scheme for passive house equipment was proposed in May 1988 by Dr.
Wolfgang Feist, founder of the Passive House Institute in Darmstadt (Germany), and Professor
Bu Adamson from Lund University, Sweden. The concept was developed in many scientific
projects funded in Hessen, Germany. The Passive House Institute was established in
Darmstadt in 1996.
For construction, environmentally friendly materials are typically chosen, such as
traditional aerated concrete, wood, stone, and brick. Recently, passive houses are often built
from inorganic waste—recycled concrete, glass, and metal products. Special factories have
been built in Germany to convert such waste into construction materials for energy-efficient
buildings. Infrared photographs show how effective insulation of a passive house (on the
right) is compared to a traditional house.
Experience shows that significant energy savings can be achieved by modernizing most
existing buildings under specific conditions and introducing new engineering systems, energy
sources, equipment, and energy-saving devices and instruments during operation.
Energy-efficient buildings use complex systems: instead of windows with open panes,
hermetically sealed double-glazed soundproof windows are installed, and air and waste
ventilation in rooms is centrally managed through heat recovery devices. Additional energy
efficiency can be increased if air exits the house and enters through underground air ducts
equipped with heat exchangers. The heating device transfers heat from warm air to cold air
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