Page 57
CENTRAL ASIAN JOURNAL OF EDUCATION
AND INNOVATION
Volume 4, Issue 7, July 2025
www.in-academy.uz
INTERPRETATION OF THE SPIRIT OF THE ERA IN THE
STORIES OF ABDUQAYUM YULDASHEV
Yodgorjon Zokirjanov
Independent researcher
yodgorjonzokirjonov99@gmail.com
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16256940
ARTICLE INFO
ABSTRACT
Qabul qilindi: 07-Iyul 2025 yil
Ma’qullandi: 11-Iyul 2025 yil
Nashr qilindi: 21-Iyul 2025 yil
This article analyzes the stories of the famous writer
Abduqayum Yuldoshev. In particular, the role of
symbolism in the stories of the writer is of particular
importance. In particular, comments are made on the
issues of the spirit of the era and social mood in the
writer's stories. The landscape of the era is reflected
through the spirit and psychology of the characters in
the stories..
KEY WORDS
story,
color
of
the
era,
psychologism, genre, image, social
mood.
Introduction.
In Uzbek literary prose, the narrative genre is considered a work of high
artistic level. In the story, the issue of the era and the hero, the interpretation of the characters
form the main link of the work. This genre has had a didactic meaning from time immemorial.
The story is intended to briefly express a concise event that occurred in a person's life. It does
not necessarily provide information about what happened in the character's life up to this
event, how it happened, with whom. However, the environment in which the character lives
and its influence are certainly described in the work. The fact that the problem of the era and
the person has been occupying an important place in literary criticism, the commonality of the
human character and the creative world of the creator, necessitates the study of the still
undeveloped aspects and undiscovered facets of the creative world. The process of perceiving
real-historical time, space and man, manifested in fiction, is slow and complex. The specific
features of space and time, and in this context, the directions of the genre and the realistic
aspects of artistic expression are studied in connection with the stages of historical
development achieved by humanity.
Observing the works of Abdukayum Yuldoshev, we encounter the spiritual
transformations taking place in the life of the main character. We can say that such stories as
“Tushov”, “In places where we were not”, “Bezori” are works that define the concept of the
writer’s creative personality. Today, a number of excellent short stories and stories by the
writer have been published. Each work of the writer, seeing the face of the press, was able to
win the hearts of the reader with his own style. The reader can emdiv the works of the
writer in his imagination and before his eyes. For this reason, the author mainly reflects the
plot based on the events he witnessed in his own life. We can see this in just one example of
the story “Bezori”.
The uniqueness of the storyteller Abdukayum Yuldoshev is that his stories truthfully
reflect the problems encountered in society - hypocrisy, violence, indifference, carelessness,
Page 58
CENTRAL ASIAN JOURNAL OF EDUCATION
AND INNOVATION
Volume 4, Issue 7, July 2025
www.in-academy.uz
indifference, selfishness, ambition, arrogance, conceit, coldness, intolerance to criticism, in a
word, often gaps in the spirituality of the individual and society. Such vices are found in the
lives of people today, as in all eras. In his stories, the writer begins to deeply analyze such
situations that occur in our daily lives. In the literary and artistic chronotope, it is possible to
perceive the signs of space and time as a whole and clearly. Here, time thickens, becomes
dense, turns into an artistic gaze; and space accelerates and expands within the framework of
the movement of time, plot and history. If the signs of time are manifested in space, then space
is measured and understood in time. The nature of the artistic chronotope is manifested in
such a mixed flow of signs. In all the stories of Abdukayum Yuldoshev, we can observe the
harmony of time and space - the chronotope.
In the stories, he expresses the real-life scenes, the sorrow of the nation, the people, the
country, the expression of dreams and aspirations with artistic color. In particular, in a
number of stories of the writer, such as "Honorary", "Hardships to those stars", "Boy", "Mix",
"Farewell to beauty", "The thought of others", "Is there a problem?", "Hissa", "Bandi", "Yetim
soz", the problems encountered in society, some conflicts between people are written down.
The writer, who tried to artistically substantiate the spiritual, moral and social essence of such
problems, aims to educate the reader through instructive and life examples.
A person living in a society has his own views, dreams and aspirations formed in a
certain social environment, and they correspond to the worldview of the representatives of
the group to which he belongs. It is an undeniable fact that a person cannot live without
society. Any person adapts to the space and time in which he lives, to the rules he creates, so
to speak, to the "patterns". Otherwise, he will be cut off from society. Habibulla Qodiriy in his
book "About My Father" recalls some of Abdulla Qodiriy's thoughts about the work "Robinson
Crusoe". According to the author, Daniel Defoe thinks that "a person can live without society,
since he exists as an individual, he does not need anyone," and in order to prove this, he uses
the work mentioned above. Abdulla Qodiriy says that Daniel Defoe could not defend his views.
Because the weapon that served the survival of the hero, he created was also an invention of
representatives of society, and the image of Jumavoy was also a member of society. Therefore,
society and the era are the main factors that influence and shape the human personality.
Indeed, the concept that gives life to works of art - the concept of a real person - is always in
the main place. After all, the reader is always looking for truth. If the hero is not "watered"
with the spirit of the era, he is a "false hero". Of course, such heroes, cut off from time and
space, cannot be formed as positive images.
Abdukayum Yuldashev creates such characters in his short stories that skillfully show
their complexity, willpower and lack of willpower, strength and weakness, patience and
impatience, happiness and unhappiness, long-range or impossible levels. Because a person is
not perfect. That is why the reader reads it in one breath. The heroes of the author's story
"Horror" Nozim and Zuhra also suffered from the "disease" that is spreading today. They
became prisoners of vices such as wedding expenses, the temptation to gain false prestige,
and the pursuit of fleeting desires rather than health. The painful points of today's society are
depicted with great skill through the lives of these two heroes.
The work is characterized by a lack of dialogues, based more on the expression of
thoughts and ideas. This also clearly shows the reader to what extent the mental state of
Nazim and Zuhra has reached the state of a "wall ready to collapse." The fact that they
Page 59
CENTRAL ASIAN JOURNAL OF EDUCATION
AND INNOVATION
Volume 4, Issue 7, July 2025
www.in-academy.uz
repeatedly turn to "folk medicine" shows that they do not want to be profitable for their
health. The Nazims, who want to cure the sick with "folk medicine" that is waterless, untested,
and harmful to human health, such as "dates growing in the Surkhandarya, taking medicine
from the pharmacy and drinking it little by little, adding garlic to vodka and keeping it in the
refrigerator for 12 hours," and thus saving money for health and having a lavish wedding so
that people do not talk too much, and the Zuhras, who are dying every hour, saying that they
"dreamed of" what they had collected, are increasing in society, and this is also evident in
literature, so that the lives of the characters can serve as an example.
Abduqayum Yuldoshev is a very skilled writer in transforming people who are subject to
the “temptation of prestige” of society into the heroes of his stories and creating a complex
and perfect image.
The 20th century is a period when the realistic principle began to dominate in Uzbek
literature. According to G. Prospelov, in a work based on the realistic principle of artistic
reflection of life, “… the writer forces his heroes to act (want, think, feel, speak) in accordance
with the characteristics of their social character, formed on the basis of the social relations of
the era and environment in which they lived, in accordance with their internal logic” . From
this it can be concluded that the works that cover the problems of the era and people are
examples of realism, and their heroes are people who are in step with the times, who obey the
rules of the era, but who sacrifice some things from their lives in exchange for this obedience
(“Even if the mouth is crooked…”, the hero of the story “Horror”). Some are images of people
who are unable to adapt to the "system" of society and are being fried in their own fat (the
characters in the stories "Hissa" and "Bezori").
Conclusion.
Like any artistic image, a human image - a character - operates in a specific
era, region and social environment. He is engaged in a specific profession. And all of this is
reflected in the hero's speech. In Abdukayum Yuldoshev's stories, the character's speech also
reflects his psychological state and environment. The hero's conflict with the environment is
revealed through his clashes with other characters, through the depiction of contradictions in
his psyche.
It is worth noting that the heroes of the two stories of the creator - "Dahshat" and
"Hissa" - and the process described in them are the true image of today. The creator imagines
wedding feasts as a "competition" and can appropriately and correctly describe it.
In this chapter, we have tried to dwell on the problem of man and the era, which is
covered in the stories "Hissa" and "Dahshat". Literature is always in step with the times, so the
influence of the times is always reflected in the human personality.
In this chapter of the graduation qualification work, the depiction of everyday life in the
creative stories, sociality, and the uniqueness of the author's spiritual and psychological
creative style were studied on the basis of the following stories: “Farewell party”, “Hardships
to distant stars”, “If only a fairy…”, “Bezori”, “Even if the mouth is crooked…”, “Mubtalo”,
“Karamat”, “Farewell, beauty”, “Poincare”. The creative stories “Hardships to distant stars”,
“Hardships to distant stars”, “Even if the mouth is crooked…”, “Farewell, beauty”, “Poincare”
reflect the process of spiritual and physical adaptation of a person in everyday life, more
precisely, social relations in the lives of the heroes, and the personal worldviews of people in
today's globalization process. Parents who want to achieve fame by teaching their children
books are depicted in the story "Hardships to the distant stars...", while humanity's
Page 60
CENTRAL ASIAN JOURNAL OF EDUCATION
AND INNOVATION
Volume 4, Issue 7, July 2025
www.in-academy.uz
enslavement to the "laws and rules" it has created is reflected in the stories "Even if the mouth
is crooked..." and "Poincaré." In the story "Poincaré", he perfectly describes the social
relationships of creative people.
References:
1. Yoʻldoshev A. Mubtalo. – T.: Yangi asr avlodi, 2023. –304 b.
2. Йўлдошев А. Дарё. – Тошкент: Янги аср авлоди, 2017.– 413 б.
3. Қўчқорова М. Бадиий сўз ва руҳият манзаралари. – Тошкент: Муҳаррир, 2011. – 232 б.
4. Шералиева М. Ҳозирги ўзбек насрида киноя. – Тошкент: Академнашр, 2016. – 224 б.
5. Quvonch Mamiraliyev. Istiqlol davri oʻzbek she’riyatida janrlar modifikatsiyasi. –Toshkent:
Anorbooks, 2024. – 208 b.
5. Quvonch Mamiraliyev. (2022). Genre modification in Uzbek poetry of the independence
period. European. Journal of Humanities and Educational Advancements, 3(3), 115-119.
Retrieved from. https://scholarzest.com/index.php/ejhea/article/view/1916
