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THE EFFECTIVENESS OF FINE AND APPLIED ARTS IN
CULTIVATING ELEGANCE IN BUILDING AN ENLIGHTENED
SOCIETY IN NEW UZBEKISTAN
A’zamjonov Akhadjon A’zamjonovich
Independent researcher at Fergana State University
Orcid ID: 0009-0001-3986-1604
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15151844
Abstract:
The article studies the theoretical foundations of the socio-
philosophical analysis of the place of fine and applied arts in building an
enlightened society in New Uzbekistan, the socio-cognitive potential of fine and
applied arts in building an enlightened society in New Uzbekistan, the future
tasks of developing fine and applied arts in building an enlightened society in
New Uzbekistan. Also, the issues of developing fine and applied arts in building
an enlightened society in New Uzbekistan are analyzed.
Key words:
building an enlightened society, integration, art, socio-spiritual
basis, perspective, fine arts, applied arts, artistic-creative potential, systemic-
functional analysis, theoretical-methodological basis.
Introduction.
Art is a collection of artistic works, in which the artistic
reflection of reality occurs based on the principles of artistic creation, style, and
method. The concept of style emerged much earlier than the concept of method.
Some art critics regard style as a law of form, a collection of methods and tools
unrelated to content, thereby absolutizing form. In reality, artistic style is a
structural unity with content. Artistic style requires the unity and relative
moderation of certain formal components.
The concept of style is also explained by the internal connection between
form and content. As style is manifested through form and content, it selects a
particular method of creation. Just as artistic style cannot exist without the
method of creation, the method of creation cannot be expressed without artistic
style. In short, the method of creation and artistic style are interrelated concepts.
Analysis of literature and methods
. Regarding the spiritual foundations
and social functions of art, art education, and its spiritual potential, researchers
such as P. Van Hauve, D. Kerven, Y. Jacque-Dalcroze, L. Daniel, F. Lissek, R.
Muenix, D. Karomatli, E. B. Abdullin, B. M. Teplov, A. N. Soxor, V. G. Mozgot, V. I.
Petrushin, B. V. Asafey, V. Beloborodova, T. V. Cherednichenko, S. F.
Gurbanalieva, E. Abdulin, Y. Bodina, N. Ivanov, A. Nizamov, V. Rajnikov, F.
Khalilov, D. Soipova, O. A. Ibrohimov, D. Karimova, R. Khonazarova, S.
Makhmudova, M. S. Mukhitdinova, Z. Oripov, SH. Omanqulova, Q. Panjiev, R.
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Azizov, X. A. To’raqolov, M. Khojdaeva, G. Sharipova, U. Y. Yuldoshev have
conducted research.
Results and discussion.
The method of creation is the collection of rules
for the artistic evaluation and generalization of reality, while artistic style is the
collection of rules for creating form. In order to understand the essence of
artistic style, it is necessary to grasp the characteristics of the creative method.
Key characteristics of artistic style include the harmony between external and
internal delicacy, the infallibility of the sense of proportion, the strict
proportionality of parts, and the completeness of unity.
The relationship between artistic style and method has a historical
character, as they function differently at various stages of society and art. In
medieval European art, the artistic method called classicism set strict
boundaries in the selection of artistic tools corresponding to the life objects and
events chosen by the artist. As a result, the classical method merged with artistic
style.
In the art of realism, a different relationship between style and method can
be observed. The realistic creative method expands the scope of artistic
reflection of reality, necessitating the manifestation of various individual styles
and even requiring different stylistic solutions in artistic works. This does not
mean that the realistic method leads to the arbitrariness of artistic styles, but
rather opens a broader way to understand the logic of reality and to express it
through artistic means.
While artistic style has an independent status, it originates from certain
creative methods. A single method can be expressed through several styles.
Works of authors such as Navoiy, Mashrab, Qodiriy, Oybek, Cholpon, Abdulla
Oripov, and Erkin Vohidov, created in the realistic method, are examples of this.
The concept of artistic style can be applied to a specific artistic work, an
individual artist’s creation, a particular movement or trend, or a certain genre.
For example, when discussing the artistic style of A. Qodiriy’s "O’tkan kunlar" or
Cholpon’s “Kecha va kunduz,” it can easily be stated that these works were
created in the "realistic method." In these works, the artistic style reflects the
internal unity of the various components of form. Thus, style always indicates
artistic integrity and relative moderation. Artistic style is most clearly
demonstrated through a particular genre. A genre-specific style refers to the
system of artistic expression tools specific to that genre. Tragedy, novel, or
sculpture has its own set of visual-expressive tools. These works have their own
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unique plot type, artistic structure (composition), and tonal qualities. One could
describe the style as the “physiognomy” of the genre itself.
The components that manifest the genre style in different types of art have
unique characteristics. In the field of oral (verbal) creation, the plot, artistic
structure, and in theatrical works, the actor’s performance, the relationship
between the actor and character, and the rules for placing actors on stage hold
special significance. In certain genre styles, there are traditional genre measures,
for example, the placement of syllables and stress in poetry, the rules of tempo,
rhythm, and accent in music (maqom), and so on. Genre style also actively
influences the artistic process. When an artist continues the traditions of a
particular genre, it first begins with genre style. The artist can introduce
innovation into a genre, enrich it, or sometimes reconstruct or alter it.
One of the historical forms of artistic style is the national style, which
encapsulates the most general rules inherent to the artistic culture of a
particular nation or people. National style is formed based on the social and
historical conditions of a people's life. In national style, national spirit, culture,
and traditions are emphasized. The eternal and enduring elements of a people’s
life are embodied in national style. Artistic traditions, especially the folk oral
tradition, play a crucial role in its formation.
National style is closely related to the national characteristic of art.
Although national style is one of the most important elements and indicators of
national characteristics, it does not replace the national characteristic itself.
While the national characteristic encompasses all areas of art, national style
refers to the key principles of the artistic form that reflects the people’s life and
national spirit. National style includes the musical tonality, poetic forms,
performance practices, decorative art patterns, color tones, thematic melodies,
national plots, artistic structures, folk genres such as ghazals, fairy tales,
anecdotes, epics, proverbs, national stories, songs, marches, and others, which
are characteristic of a particular artistic culture.
The concept of artistic style is also explained by the notion of stylistic
direction. Stylistic direction refers to the common stylistic features inherent to
the artists of a certain artistic movement. Stylistic direction consists of
worldview, hopes and aspirations, creative principles, and individual stylistic
tendencies.
As the primary form of artistic style, individual style or the author’s style is
gaining increasing prominence. Not all artists are able to create their own
individual style, as it is a rare occurrence. Only those with exceptional talent,
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who have left a deep mark on humanity's artistic development, create their
"style" and stand out distinctly from others.
The individual style is not isolated from the "general style." One can
observe the features of a particular genre or artistic style through the analysis of
the works of the most talented artists. There are cases where some gifted artists,
through their "individual style," break free from the boundaries of a particular
genre or movement and create new traditions by violating the established rules
of that genre and style.
In individual style, the unity of artistic language, tone, rhythm, artistic
structure, and so on is defined by the unity of the author’s attitude toward
reality. The moral-aesthetic approach to reality forms the artistic idea of the
artist's creation, constituting the basis of their "individual style." The uniqueness
and breadth of the artist's personality define the distinctiveness of their
authorial style.
The "individual styles" of great artists differ from one another; they may
even be diametrically opposed in terms of form. Some styles are filled with
metaphors and comparisons, while others are inclined toward direct depiction,
some are concise and brief, while others are characterized by expansive
narration. However, the expressive and visual means of the style are manifested
depending on the artist's artistic idea, how they reflect life, and their thought
processes. In creating their style, the artist refines their thoughts and seeks
deeper ways to represent life. In realistic art, creating a style means discovering
artistic truth and expressing it in a unique way.
The artistic style of an artist is directed towards encouraging the viewer,
reader, or listener to think independently and evoke a sense of pleasure. When
the author’s thoughts are clear and expressed smoothly, the style also becomes
refined. Here, the sense of style plays a crucial role, as it pertains both to the
artist and to those who benefit from their work. The artist’s sense of style is
manifested in their ability to find the artistic form, distinguish between primary
and secondary elements, and vividly convey the concepts of good and evil. For
the viewer, reader, or listener, the sense of style means recognizing the author's
personality hidden beneath the unified form.
Even artists with a unique style draw on existing stylistic traditions and rely
on the stylistic explorations of other artists. Every artist experiences the
“torment of searching for words.”
The concept of artistic style (method) broadly refers to the system of
creative paths and tools. Artistic method is the set of ideological and aesthetic
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principles upon which the artist bases their process of expressing, generalizing,
and evaluating reality through expressive means.
Although artistic methods are characteristic of the creative work of a
number of artists, they may also appear in a unique form in the work of
individual artists. Artistic methods—the basic principles of creation, the quality
characteristics—are interrelated and may either substitute for one another,
work side by side, conflict with each other, or even suppress each other. Artistic
method is fully manifested in the directions of artistic creativity.
Conclusion. Artistic method has a historical content and is related to the
artistic directions in various types of art. The concepts of "artistic method" and
"artistic directions" are so closely linked that sometimes their boundaries are
not easily distinguishable. In the history of art, movements like classicism,
romanticism, critical realism, realism, and new realism all require the existence
of corresponding types of artistic methods. Both artistic methods and artistic
directions are shaped and developed under the significant influence of political,
philosophical, aesthetic, and religious beliefs. The emergence of new creative
methods reflects profound shifts in the development of humanity's artistic
consciousness.
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