THE ROLE OF THE AMUDARYA IN TRADE RELATIONS OF THE EMIRATE OF BUKHARA (BASED ON THE DOCUMENTS OF THE NATIONAL ARCHIVE OF UZBEKISTAN)

This article highlights the role of the Amudarya waterway in the trade relations of the Emirate of Bukhara. Based on archival materials, the article substantiates the importance of waterways in the economic life of the Emirate of Bukhara and the further development of trade relations of the Emirate of Bukhara with Eastern countries through the Amudarya waterway. It also covers the internal trade relations of the Emirate of Bukhara through the Amudarya waterway, the establishment of the Amudarya flotilla, the role of the flotilla and local ships in the transportation of commercial cargo on the banks of the Amudarya. In addition, the article analyzes the transformation of the Bukhara-Afghanistan border into the Russia-Afghanistan border, establishment of the control of the Russian Empire at the crossings and customs points along the Amudarya, the subordination of the trade of the Emirate of Bukhara to the Russian Empire as well as the issues of transit trade routes with Afghanistan, Iran and India in the interests of the great imperialist policy of the Russian ruling circles. The author studied the volume of trade turnover through the customs crossing Pattakesar in the oasis on the basis of historical and archival materials, and tried to reveal the changes in the development of trade relations through a table.