Volume 05 Issue 12-2024
60
CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PEDAGOGICS
(ISSN
–
2767-3278)
VOLUME
05
ISSUE
12
Pages:
60-66
OCLC
–
1242041055
Publisher:
Master Journals
ABSTRACT
The article discusses the methodology and results of the application of non-standard tasks (PISA) in teaching physics
in secondary school.
KEYWORDS
PISA, non-standard tasks, pedagogical experiment, national program.
INTRODUCTION
Today, in the process of large-scale reforms carried out
in our country, the main attention is paid to the
fundamental reform of the education sector and the
phased implementation of the tasks provided for by
the Law "On Education". The reforms envisaged in the
system of continuing education are based on the tasks
of "Developing and implementing comprehensive
mechanisms for the mutual integration of continuing
education with science and industry." In the full
implementation of the tasks set before us, the stated
goals and objectives are "Strengthening the material,
pedagogical and information base of educational
institutions, providing the educational process with
high-quality educational literature and advanced
pedagogical technologies.".
In accordance with Resolution No. PF-5538 of
September 5 "On additional measures to improve the
public education management system", by 2030
Research Article
FORMATION OF STUDENTS' NATURAL SCIENCE LITERACY AND
DEVELOPMENT OF NON-STANDARD PHYSICS TASKS BASED ON PISA
Submission Date:
December 02, 2024,
Accepted Date:
December 07, 2024,
Published Date:
December 12, 2024
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/pedagogics-crjp-05-12-12
Sh.O.Toshpulatova
National institute of pedagogy and character educationnamed after Kari Niyoziy, Assistant to the Department
of Physics of the Tashkent University of Information Technology, Uzbekistan
I.I.Absalyamova
National institute of pedagogy and character educationnamed after Kari Niyoziy, Assistant to the Department
of Physics of the Tashkent University of Information Technology, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://masterjournals.
com/index.php/crjps
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 05 Issue 12-2024
61
CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PEDAGOGICS
(ISSN
–
2767-3278)
VOLUME
05
ISSUE
12
Pages:
60-66
OCLC
–
1242041055
Publisher:
Master Journals
Uzbekistan will enter the top 30 advanced countries in
the world according to the PISA (The Program for
International Student Assessment) rating, the first
step towards entering the country has been taken.
What is PISA and who participates in it? PISA is an
international research program organized by the
Organization
for
Economic
Cooperation
and
Development (OECD). PISA was first held in 2000 and
has been held every 3 years since then. This study
evaluates the literacy of 15-year-old students in
reading, mathematics and science.
The process of pilot testing of the PISA study is carried
out electronically on a computer. In the process, in
Uzbekistan, students aged 15 years and 3 months and
16 years and 2 months complete test tasks evaluating
them in 4 areas: mathematical, natural science, reading
literacy and imaginative thinking. After the
experiment, students fill out a questionnaire, as well as
a school questionnaire from selected school leaders
and a special questionnaire from parents.
Examples of tasks designed to assess students'
mathematical, natural science and reading literacy:
Tasks on the topic "The structure of matter"
Task 1. Drone racing
Drone racing is a drone race. Drones are racing to the
finish line at speeds over 100 km/h. The drones are
controlled by racers using special virtual reality glasses
and a remote control controller. In such competitions,
not only the maximum speed is required. You need to
reach the finish line first, overcoming all obstacles and
flying through checkpoints
–
special highlighted
sections of the track. To do this, you need to feel the
size of the drone in order to guide it between
obstacles, maneuver correctly, and fit into a sharp turn.
It's like a computer game that actually happens.
Fig.1.
There is a limitation in drone racing: the distance
between the rotors of diametrically opposite motors
should not exceed the set value.
The most popular drone classes range from 210 to 250
mm. The number of engines is usually not regulated,
but almost all pilots fly quadrocopters
–
this is the
optimal solution in terms of power, weight and
aerodynamics. At the same time, the flight time of
racing drones is small and averages 3-5 minutes.
Question 1
: Two friends are going to participate in
drone racing. The guys are determined to win and have
formulated the problems that need to be solved before
the competition. Which of the following questions will
the students be able to answer using natural science
methods? Choose all the correct answers.
Volume 05 Issue 12-2024
62
CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PEDAGOGICS
(ISSN
–
2767-3278)
VOLUME
05
ISSUE
12
Pages:
60-66
OCLC
–
1242041055
Publisher:
Master Journals
a. What color should the drone div be painted in
order for the audience to like it?
c. What should be the capacity of the quadcopter's
battery to fly the entire race distance?
c. Is it possible to increase the size of the propellers if
the power of the electric motor is changed?
d. Can schoolchildren participate in the races of the
Uzbek Drone Rating League?
e. Is it possible to use video equipment that gives an
image delay of up to 20 milliseconds if the drone is
supposed to accelerate to 100 km/h?
Answer: B, C, E.
Question 2
: Estimate the possible length of the route
for drone competitions. Give the calculations.
Answer: drones fly for 3-5 minutes. at a speed of 100
km/h. Therefore, the length of the route is
approximately 5-8 km.
Question 3
: Unmanned aerial vehicles are airplanes,
helicopters, balloons or drones that are piloted
remotely by an operator or completely automatically.
For many years, the most popular use of drones has
been military operations. Today, the boundaries of
their activities have been expanded for drones. And
the training of drone operators usually begins with
drone racing. Give at least three examples of a
quadrocopter to fly the entire race distance?
c. Is it possible to increase the size of the propellers if
the power of the electric motor is changed?
d. Can schoolchildren participate in the races of the
Uzbek League drone rating?
e. Is it possible to use video equipment that gives an
image delay of up to 20 milliseconds if it is supposed to
accelerate the drone to 100 km/h?
Answer: B, C, E.
Answer: Examples of the use of unmanned aerial
vehicles:
1) for aerial video shooting;
2) for the delivery of online purchases in a contactless
way;
3) for conducting meteorological observations;
4) to extinguish fires;
5) for traffic/cargo monitoring.
Task 2
. The spread of odors. On a long winter evening,
two friends Muhammad and Islam decided to conduct
an experiment. Muhammad measured the air
temperature in the room, took an air freshener and
sprayed it from the far corner of the room. Islom, being
in the opposite corner, turned on the stopwatch at the
same time. When Islom smelled the air freshener, he
turned off the stopwatch. After that, the friends aired
the room well. Muhammad measured the temperature
again
–
it turned out to be lower than the temperature
of the air in the room during the first experiment. By
repeating all the same actions as in the previous case,
the friends got a different time.
Question 1
: Choose the correct statement.
A. Friends studied the dependence of the speed of
propagation of the smell of an air freshener on the
aggregate state of a substance
В. Friends
studied the dependence of the speed of
propagation of an odor on the temperature of the air
in the room.
C. The distance to which the smell of an air freshener
spread during two experiments changed.
d. With a decrease in the temperature of the air in the
room, the speed of odor propagation increases.
Answer: В
Question 2
: After ventilating the room again and
measuring the temperature, the guys changed the air
freshener to mom's perfume. The air temperature for
the third experiment was the same as in the second
experiment. After doing the same, the friends got a
new time for the smell to spread. In order to determine
which smell spreads faster, Muhammad suggested
comparing the results of the first and third
experiments, and Islam
–
the second and third
experiments. Which of the guys is right? Explain your
answer.
Volume 05 Issue 12-2024
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CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PEDAGOGICS
(ISSN
–
2767-3278)
VOLUME
05
ISSUE
12
Pages:
60-66
OCLC
–
1242041055
Publisher:
Master Journals
Answer: Island. In order to determine the dependence
of one quantity (the rate of odor propagation) on
another (the kind of odorous liquid), it is necessary that
the other parameters of the experiment be the same
(temperature, distance). The distance in all three
experiments was the same, and the temperature was
the same in the second and third experiments, so the
Island is right.
Tasks on the topic "Interaction of bodies"
Task 1. Buses
The bus is traveling on a straight road. The driver
named Peter put a glass of water on the dashboard.
Suddenly, Peter abruptly presses on the brakes.
Question 1
: What is most likely to happen to a glass of
water?
a. The water in the glass will remain in a horizontal
position.
c. The water will pour out from side 1.
c. The water will pour out from side 2.
d. The water will spill, but it is impossible to determine
whether it will pour out from side 1 or 2.
Answer: From
Question 2
: Peter's bus, like most buses, uses gasoline
as fuel. Such buses pollute the environment.
Trolleybuses are used in some years: they are powered
by an electric motor. The electrical voltage required for
the engine is supplied via power lines (like electric
trains).
Electricity is generated at power plants using fossil
fuels. Proponents of using trolleybuses in cities say that
this type of transport does not pollute the
environment. Are the trolleybus supporters right in
their judgments? Explain your answer.
Answer: No, because power plants also pollute the
environment.Yes, but this applies only to the city, the
stations themselves, nevertheless, pollute the
environment.
We know that the pedagogical experiment is a key
method of scientific research in education aimed at
testing hypotheses, studying and evaluating various
techniques and innovations. The purpose is to analyze
the results of the pedagogical experiment, identify the
main trends and provide recommendations for
improving the educational process.
First of all, in the experimental year, during the
practice, a search experiment was conducted, during
which methodological techniques for using new
technologies were worked out, a methodology for
setting up an experiment was developed, the depth in
the volume of the pre-experimental and post-
experimental sections were determined, and a number
of other small private methodological issues were
resolved.
They used everyday tools, a textbook and a classical
method. The proposed technologies were used in the
experimental class. The presentation of the material
was conducted in accordance with the teaching
methodology developed by us.
Volume 05 Issue 12-2024
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CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PEDAGOGICS
(ISSN
–
2767-3278)
VOLUME
05
ISSUE
12
Pages:
60-66
OCLC
–
1242041055
Publisher:
Master Journals
The experiment tested the effectiveness of lessons
using tests and non-standard physics tasks based on
PISA.
Table 2
Generalized table of student test results
7 "A" and 7 "B" classes
Control class 7 "A" class
Experimental class 7 "B" class
Number of
students
Evaluations
Class
Knowledge
quality
analysis
Number of
students
Evaluations
Class
Knowledge
quality
analysis
30
5
4
3
2
71 %
35
5
4
3
2
80 %
8
1
2
1
0
-
1
2
1
6
7
-
28%
43%
29%
0%
CONTROL CLASS
5
4
3
2
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VOLUME
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Pages:
60-66
OCLC
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1242041055
Publisher:
Master Journals
The diagram shows that in the experimental class the
results differ from the control class by 9%. The results
of the experiments showed an increase in the level of
knowledge among students, which allowed us to
conclude that it is the new technique that has a
beneficial effect on the level of knowledge of students.
This indicates that the effectiveness of lessons using
tests and non-standard tasks in physics and astronomy
based on PISA in a secondary school is more effective
than the traditional method of teaching physics.
REFERENCES
1.
Decree of the President of the Republic of
Uzbekistan No.UP-5313 "On measures to radically
improve the system of general secondary,
secondary special and vocational education" dated
01/25/2018.
2.
Field, A. Discovering Statistics Using SPSS for
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Text. / A. Field. Sage Publications, 2000.-512 p.
3.
Hutmacher, W. Key competences for Europe Text.
/ W. Hutmacher: report of the Symposium Berne,
Switzerland 27-30 March, 1996. Council for Cultural
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Yakimanskaya I.S. The problem of control and
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Kiseleva A.V. Criteria for assessing students'
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№ 2.
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8770. Desember 29. Publikation year: 2020.
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Toshpulatova Sh. O. Teoretical aspects of assessing
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timss programs//International Scientific Journal ISJ
Theoretical & Applied Science Philadelphia, USA
34%
46%
20%
0%
EXPERIMENTAL CLASS
5
4
3
2
Volume 05 Issue 12-2024
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CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PEDAGOGICS
(ISSN
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2767-3278)
VOLUME
05
ISSUE
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Pages:
60-66
OCLC
–
1242041055
Publisher:
Master Journals
issue 09, volume 113 published September 30, 2022.
http://t-science.org/arxivDOI/2022/09-113.html
8.
Toshpulatova Sh. O. Didactic model development
of logical thinking of a future teacher based on
creativity // Polish science journal (issue 10(43),
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