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Samarkand State Institute of Foreign Languages
COMPARATIVE METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH OF TRANSLATION
Buronova Dilnoza Bakhodirovna
SamSIFL, teacher of English history and grammar,
independent researcher
Abstract:
The paper analyzes comparative methodological approach of translation the
works of Ernest Seton-Thompson. Also examines literary style, the value of maintaining his style
in translation, and the characteristics and particularity of literary translation.
Keywords:
Comparative Methodology, linguistic phenomena, proper communication,
literature elements, method of comparison, regional literature, socio-historical conditions.
Аннотация:
В статье анализируется сравнительно-методологический подход к
переводу произведений Эрнеста Сетон-Томпсона. Также исследует литературный стиль,
значение сохранения своего стиля в переводе, а также характеристики и особенности
художественного перевода.
Ключевые слова:
Сравнительная методология, языковые явления, собственно
общение, литературные элементы, метод сравнения, краеведческая литература,
общественно-исторические условия.
Annotatsiya:
Maqolada Ernest Seton-Tompson asarlarini tarjima qilishda qiyosiy
metodologik yondashuv tahlil qilingan. Shuningdek, adabiy uslub, tarjimada uning uslubini
saqlab qolishning ahamiyati, badiiy tarjimaning o‘ziga xosligi va o‘ziga xosligini o‘rganadi.
Tayanch so'zlar:
Qiyosiy metodologiya, til hodisalari, to‘g‘ri muloqot, adabiyot
elementlari, taqqoslash usuli, hududiy adabiyot, ijtimoiy-tarixiy sharoitlar.
Sh.Balli puts forward the idea of studying the methodological features of the mother
tongue and the foreign language in a comparative way at the beginning of the last century. He
can compare the similarities and differences between languages [1]. The idea of the Swiss
scientist was expressed by Russian scientists V.G. Gak in works such as "Comparative Typology
of French and Russian Languages", "Comparative Lexicology", Yu.S.Stepanov's "French
Stylistics", A.V. Fedorov's "Essays on General and Comparative Stylistics," and a number of
other works developed in their work. All these major works on stylistics or methodology are, to
one degree or another, inevitably related to translation theory. After all, they cite evidence from
translated works to prove their point of view: translated texts serve more as a basis for
comparative methodological analysis than the original text. Also, methodological research
enriches the theory of translation with scientific information about conflicting aspects that occur
in the process of translation from one language to another, specific to one or another situation of
speech communication.
In the development of theories of translation, such as comparative methodology, the multi-
volume "Library of Comparative Methodology," founded by Alfred Malblanc, plays a very
important role. Within the framework of this series, the first works directly devoted to the study
of the field of comparative stylistics of different languages are published, in particular Vine and
Darbelne's "Comparative Stylistics of French and English", Malblanc's "Comparative Stylistics
of French and German," [3] and other works. Malblan focuses all his attention on the importance
of the comparative study of languages, not only for the methodology of foreign language
learning but also for the development of the theory of linguistics, because it is possible to
identify linguistic phenomena that may escape the researcher's attention through the method of
comparison. For this reason, comparative research is both a study and a control method. Malblan
created the method of comparative synchronic study of the figurative means of languages that
are not genetically related, which has become a method of methodological and comparative
study of language pairs belonging to different language families.
However, despite the large and extensive material collected in the field of comparative stylistics,
the issue of the systematic device of the whole text, the problem of how the whole speech works,
ILMIY VA PROFESSIONAL TA’LIM JARAYONIDA MULOQOT, FAN VA MADANIYATLAR
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"proper communication" [3], has not been sufficiently covered in the field of comparative
literature and linguistics. However, in order to understand the purpose and function of the artistic
text and the appropriate linguistic means to use in the field of communication, the translator
needs to have such knowledge and skills when using forms specific to other languages.
In determining the development perspectives of comparative stylistics or methodology studies,
Malblanc emphasizes that comparative methodology must go through two stages. According to
the scientist, at the first stage, the resources of the languages being compared are studied and
transferred from one language to another. At the second stage, the genres and styles of languages
are compared, and it is determined which element belongs to the language and which one
belongs to speech, i.e., individual style. At this stage, the means of each of the compared
languages are compared, as are the features of expressing satire, humor, etc. characteristic of the
artistic language [3]. This imitation, if purely linguistic tasks are solved at the first stage of
comparative-stylistic analysis, then at the second stage, according to Malblan's concept, as A.V.
Fedorov pointed out, "it should be formed in a complex way at the same time as a science related
to linguistics and literary studies, in which, as seen from the defined task, for the analysis, it is
necessary to involve not only information on the fields of poetics or literary theory, but also
extensive literary and historical evidence" [4]. This is why, in the previous chapter of our
research, we focused on Ernest Seton-Thomson's biography and Togay Murad's views on literary
theory.
Comparative studies, which is one of the leading currents in modern literary studies, study
intercultural influence and perception. Undoubtedly, the problem of literary translation becomes
an urgent issue in this process.
Togay Murad is an Uzbek writer who has been able to adequately continue the cultural relations
started by his predecessors in the last quarter of the last century. As a writer and translator who
left a legacy of important works for the history of Uzbek literature, such as "The Fields Left by
My Father", (Otamdan qolgan dalalar) "The Song of Momo Land", (Momo yer qo’shig’i) and
"On the Night of Horse Riding” (Ot kishnagan oqshom), he turned around and contributed to the
treasure of our national culture. After all, as one of the connoisseurs of literary works noted, "if
the work being translated from one language to another is close to him in spirit, has the same
idea, and accordingly has enough knowledge and is gifted with literary talent, he will be lucky."
He is not considered a foreigner among the people he went to. [5]
In this study, for the first time, a systematic study of Togay Murad's translation skills and the
translation of his work into Russian was carried out on the examples of selected works. In this
study, the main focus was on preserving the author's style in the original work during the
translation process.
The writer's translations of the works of Ernest Seton-Thompson consist of twenty-one stories
and short stories about animals. These translations brought greater fame to the original author in
our country than to the translator. Seton-Thompson's works are included in literature textbooks
for the school education system in Uzbekistan; their separate editions are highly appreciated by
most publishers and experts who wrote the introductions and afterwords to these publications,
and in most cases, the common reader agrees with these opinions. In fact, the genius and writing
skills of a great creator like Togay Murad caused the works, which have already become famous
masterpieces of world literature, to resound in our native language. However, in recognition of
the great services of our writer, it is worth noting that academic science, and in particular,
literary studies, which is the subject of our research, meet several requirements of the theory of
methodology that we have listed above, as well as three works that serve as good subjects of
analysis for an expert who knows the original language directly and the Russian language from
which the works are indirectly translated. When the text of the works of E. Seton-Thompson in
the language was carefully studied on a comparative level, it became clear that there are a
number of points of discussion and controversy. After all, it seems natural that works originally
written in English face certain mistakes and some "losses" when translated into Uzbek through
Russian. However, in our opinion, the edited sentences in some places, which we will consider
ILMIY VA PROFESSIONAL TA’LIM JARAYONIDA MULOQOT, FAN VA MADANIYATLAR
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below, have stylistic flaws due to a lack of publishers as well as the translator's free approach to
the text in some places, the original language, and the style of the author. We believe that, in
addition to such an assessment of the situation, it is a sign that the writer-translator Togay Murad
had a special approach to translation.
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